The analysis of usage possibilities of the Moodle platform to execute the training process in an "Engineering of internal security systems" field of study at Lublin University of Technology

The article presents the results of research on the analysis of the possibilities of using the Moodle platform for the implementation of the education process at the engineering systems of internal security in the Lublin University of Technology. The research involved an analysis of the possibility of Moodle and computer simulation of the subject of Information Technologies

MCBARG - Enhanced. A System Supporting Multicriteria Bargaining

The MCBARG is a decision support system designed to help in the analysis of decision situations and in the mediation in multicriteria bargaining problems. It supports reaching the final outcome in the problem. The report describes an enhanced version of the MCBARG system. It provides the user with a theoretical foundation and with information necessary to use the system. The system and the theoretical research have been done under a contracted study agreement with the Systems and Decision Sciences Program of the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis in Laxenburg, Austria, and with financial support of the Research Program CPBP 02.15 of the Systems Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland

MCBARG - A System Supporting Multicriteria Bargaining

This paper is one of the series of 11 Working Papers presenting the software for interactive decision support and software tools for developing decision support systems. These products constitute the outcome of the contracted study agreement between the System and Decision Sciences Program at IIASA and several Polish scientific institutions. The theoretical part of these results is presented in the IIASA Working Paper WP-88-071 entitled "Theory, Software and Testing Examples in Decision Support Systems". This volume contains the theoretical and methodological backgrounds of the software systems developed within the project. This paper presents the MCBARG program. This program has been designed to support analysis of conflicting decision situations and mediations in multicriteria bargaining problem. The newly developed approach for supporting noncooperative gaming situations based on the aspiration-led paradigm constitutes the methodological background for implementation

Stress hyperglycaemia in patients with first myocardial infarction

Objective: To investigate the incidence of stress hyperglycaemia at first acute myocardial infarction (MI) with ST-segment elevation, occurrence of stress hyperglycaemia as a manifestation of previously undiagnosed abnormal glucose tolerance (AGT), and its relation to stress hormone levels. Materials and methods: The population of this prospective cohort study consisted of 243 patients. On admission glucose, adrenaline, noradrenaline and cortisol levels were measured. Patients without previously diagnosed diabetes (n = 204) underwent an oral glucose tolerance test on day 3 of hospitalisation and 3 months after discharge. Results: Abnormal glucose tolerance at day 3 was observed in 92 (45.1%) patients without a previous diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and resolved after 3 months in 46 (50.0%) patients (p < 0.0001). Stress hyperglycaemia, defined as admission glycaemia ‡ 11.1 mmol ⁄ l, affected 34 (14.0%) study participants: 28 (54.9%) patients with diabetes vs. 3 (8.8%) subjects with newly detected impaired glucose intolerance (p < 0.00001) and 1 (2.2%) person with AGT at day 3 (p < 0.000001). Multivariable analysis identified elevated glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c; p < 0.0000001), anterior MI (p < 0.05) and high admission cortisol concentration (p < 0.001), but not catecholamines, as independent predictors of stress hyperglycaemia. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed the optimal cut-off values of 8.2% for HbA1c and 47.7 lg ⁄ dl for admission cortisol with very good and sufficient diagnostic accuracies respectively. Conclusions: Newly detected AGT in patients with a first MI is transient in 50% of cases. Stress hyperglycaemia is a common finding in patients with a first MI with ST-segment elevation and diabetes mellitus, but is rarely observed in individuals with impaired glucose tolerance or transient AGT diagnosed during the acute phase of MI. The risk factors of stress hyperglycaemia occurrence include elevated HbA1c, anterior MI and high admission cortisol concentration

Postępowanie w stanach hiperglikemii u chorych z ostrymi zespołami wieńcowymi

W niniejszej pracy przedstawiono zagadnienie dotyczące częstości występowania hiperglikemii oraz jej wpływ na rokowanie u pacjentów z ostrym zespołem wieńcowym (OZW), a także zaproponowany przez Polskie Towarzystwo Diabetologiczne schemat leczenia hipoglikemizującego tej grupy chorych. Hiperglikemię w OZW obserwuje się u około 70-80% pacjentów, z czego 1/3 stanowią osoby chorujące wcześniej na cukrzycę, a ponad 2/3 osób ze świeżo stwierdzanymi zaburzeniami gospodarki węglowodanowej. Zgodnie z analizą dotychczasowych doniesień rokowanie zarówno krótko-, jak i długoterminowe w tej ostatniej grupie pacjentów jest istotnie gorsze niż w grupie chorych na cukrzycę i rośnie już od wartości glikemii uznanych za prawidłowe (tj. 110-130 mg/dl). Polskie Towarzystwo Diabetologiczne proponuje stosowanie leczenia insuliną u każdego chorego na cukrzycę z wartością glikemii przy przyjęciu powyżej 140 mg/dl i każdego pacjenta, który nie chorował dotychczas na cukrzycę, jeżeli wartość glikemii przy przyjęciu jest wyższa od 180 mg/dl. W artykule opisano szczegółowo zaproponowany sposób podawania insuliny

Admission glycemia and inhospital or long term mortality in patients without acute life-threatening conditions

WSTĘP. Zaburzenia gospodarki węglowodanowej są istotnym czynnikiem ryzyka rozwoju przyspieszonej miażdżycy. Chorzy z hiperglikemią podczas przyjęcia do szpitala, niezależnie od współistnienia cukrzycy, cechują się wyższą śmiertelnością w porównaniu z grupą osób z prawidłową glikemią. Dotychczas opracowano niewiele doniesień dotyczących wpływu glikemii podczas przyjęcia na ryzyko zgonu u chorych hospitalizowanych z innych powodów niż nagłe stany zagrożenia życia. MATERIAŁ I METODY. Badaniem objęto 4944 pacjentów hospitalizowanych w Klinice Endokrynologii i Diabetologii CM UMK w Bydgoszczy. Badanych podzielono na 3 grupy w zależności od wcześniejszego występowania zaburzeń gospodarki węglowodanowej, pojawienia się ich podczas hospitalizacji lub ich braku. Oceniano wpływ glikemii podczas przyjęcia do szpitala (AG) na śmiertelność wewnątrzszpitalną i 2 lata po wypisaniu chorych ze szpitala. WYNIKI. W grupie osób z zaburzeniami gospodarki węglowodanowej rozpoznanymi po raz pierwszy w trakcie hospitalizacji (II) stwierdzono najwyższą glikemię podczas przyjęcia - 15,2 mmol/l (273,6 mg/dl). Najniższą glikemię wynoszącą 5,9 mmol/l (105,7 mg/dl) zaobserwowano w grupie osób bez zaburzeń węglowodanowych (III). W grupie chorych na cukrzycę AG wynosiła 12,3 mmol/l (221,1 mg/dl) i różniła się istotnie w porównaniu z grupą II (p < 0,0001) i III (p < 0,0001). Największy odsetek zgonów wewnątrzszpitalnych (3,7%) odnotowano w grupie III. Był on statystycznie wyższy od stwierdzanego u chorych na cukrzycę (2,6%, p < 0,05). Spośród 870 badanych zmarło 223 pacjentów: 94 (42%) z grupy I, 20 (9%) z grupy II i 109 (49%) z III. Nie stwierdzono istotnych różnic w śmiertelności po 2 latach od wypisu w poszczególnych grupach. WNIOSKI. Nie stwierdzono zależności między AG a śmiertelnością wewnątrzszpitalną i 2-letnią wśród chorych hospitalizowanych z przyczyn innych niż nagłe stany zagrożenia życia.INTRODUCTION. Carbohydrate metabolism disorders are important risk factors of atherosclerosis development. Patients with admission hyperglycemia (AG), irrespective of diabetes coexistence, have a higher inhospital mortality rate in comparison to people with normal glucose level. Nowadays there are few papers refer to admission glucose effect on mortality in patients hospitalized due to other reasons than acute life-threatening conditions. MATERIAL AND METHODS. The study group consisted with 4944 patients admitted to the Endocrinology and Diabetology Department CM UMK in Bydgoszcz. Analyzed people were divided into 3 groups according to presence or absence of the glucose metabolism disorders. The effect of admission glycemia on inhospital and 2 years mortality was evaluated. RESULTS. In patients with newly diagnosed glucose metabolism disorders (group II) the highest AG - 15.2 mmol/l (273.6 mg/dl) was found. The lowest value of AG - 5.9 mmol/l (105.7 mg/dl) was observed in people without metabolic disorders (III). In patients with diabetes AG was 12.3 mmol/l (221.1 mg/dl) and was significantly different in comparison to groups II (p < 0.0001) and III (p < 0.0001). The highest percent of inhospital death (3.7%) was in III group. It was significantly higher than in patients with diabetes (I) (2.6%, p < 0.05). Among 870 examined patient 223 died: 94 (42%) in I group, 20 (9%) in II group and 109 (49%) in III group. After 2 years from the discharge there were no significantly differences in mortality rate between groups. CONCLUSION. There was no correlation between admission glycemia and inhospital and long-term mortality in patients without acute life-threatening conditions

Value of oral glucose tolerance test in the acute phase of myocardial infarction

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Although European guidelines advise oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) before or shortly after hospital discharge, data supporting this recommendation are inconclusive. We aimed to analyze whether disturbances in glucose metabolism diagnosed before hospital discharge in AMI patients represents a latent pre-existing condition or rather temporary finding. Additionally, we planned to investigate the value of pre-selected glycemic control parameters as predictors of long-term glucometabolic state.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We assessed admission glycemia, glycated hemoglobin, mean blood glucose concentration on days 1 and 2 in 200 patients with a first AMI but without overt disturbances of glucose metabolism. We also performed OGTT at discharge and 3 months after discharge.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The prevalence of disturbances in glucose metabolism (as assessed by OGTT) at 3 months was significantly lower than at discharge (29% <it>vs</it>. 48%, p = 0.0001). Disturbances in glucose metabolism were not confirmed in 63% of patients with impaired glucose tolerance and in 36% of patients with diabetes mellitus diagnosed during the acute phase of AMI. Age >77 years, glucose ≥12.06 mmol/l at 120 minutes during OGTT before discharge and mean blood glucose level on day 2 >7.5 mmol/l were identified as independent predictors of disturbances in glucose metabolism at the 3-month follow-up.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Disturbances in glucose metabolism observed in patients with a first AMI are predominantly transient. Elderly age, high plasma glucose concentration at 120 minutes during OGTT at discharge and elevated mean blood glucose level on day 2 were associated with sustained disturbances in glucose metabolism.</p

Rural Demographic Problem Areas in Poland

Demographic problem areas are perceived as one of the most important types of problem areas and require special research interest. Problem areas conditioned by population factor most often refer to rural areas. Presented article aims to identify and delimit rural demographic problem areas in Poland. The study covered rural areas distinguished on the basis of the classification of the European Commission DEGURBA The analysis enabled to identify depopulation areas, areas with disrupted population reproduction (ie areas of permanent natural decline), areas of permanent outflow of population, areas with impaired population structure by age and areas with disrupted population structure by sex in the group of people of marriage age (20-34 years). To indicate clusters of communes characterised by the presence of the unfavourable demographic phenomena and processes (rural demographic problem areas) the measure of local spatial autocorrelation (Anselin Local Moran's I) was applied. The application value resulting from the research may be the improvement of the effectiveness of public intervention carried out as part of the development policy