9 research outputs found
Masting by Eighteen New Zealand Plant Species: The Role of Temperature as a Synchronizing Cue
Masting, the intermittent production of large flower or seed crops by a population of perennial plants, can enhance the reproductive success of participating plants and drive fluctuations in seed-consumer populations and other ecosystem components over large geographic areas. The spatial and taxonomic extent over which masting is synchronized can determine its success in enhancing individual plant fitness as well as its ecosystem-level effects, and it can indicate the types of proximal cues that enable reproductive synchrony. Here, we demonstrate high intra- and intergeneric synchrony in mast seeding by 17 species of New Zealand plants from four families across \u3e150000 km2. The synchronous species vary ecologically (pollination and dispersal modes) and are geographically widely separated, so intergeneric synchrony seems unlikely to be adaptive per se. Synchronous fruiting by these species was associated with anomalously high temperatures the summer before seedfall, a cue linked with the La NinÌa phase of El NinÌoâSouthern Oscillation. The lone asynchronous species appears to respond to summer temperatures, but with a 2-yr rather than 1-yr time lag. The importance of temperature anomalies as cues for synchronized masting suggests that the timing and intensity of masting may be sensitive to global climate change, with widespread effects on taxonomically disparate plant and animal communities
Masting by Eighteen New Zealand Plant Species: The Role of Temperature as a Synchronizing Cue
Counterintuitive active directional swimming behaviour by Atlantic salmon during seaward migration in the coastal zone
Acknowledgements We thank the Cromarty Firth District Salmon Fishery Board for logistical support and three anonymous referees who improved an earlier draft of this paper. Funding for this work came from Scottish & Southern Energy Renewables. We are grateful for the skills and expertise of Bill Ruck at Moray First Marine along with the crews of Marine Scotland Science vessels who were integral to the successful deployment and recovery of equipment. Some receivers were also made available from the Ocean Tracking Network (OTN) The data underlying this article will be shared on reasonable request to the corresponding author.Peer reviewedPublisher PD
Chapitre 7. LâĂ©dition pour le jeune public
LâĂ©dition pour la jeunesse suzanne pouliot, judith saltman et gail edwards LâĂ©dition canadienne pour la jeunesse connaĂźt une Ă©volution diffĂ©rente dans les deux grandes communautĂ©s linguistiques du pays. Du cĂŽtĂ© francophone, elle sâĂ©panouit dĂšs la premiĂšre moitiĂ© du XXe siĂšcle. Du cĂŽtĂ© anglophone, alors que le modĂšle Ă©tabli avant 1918 demeure stable et que les auteurs examinĂ©s par Leslie McGrath dans le volume II continuent Ă publier de maniĂšre relativement prolifique, on constate peu de nouve..
Proton NMR assignment and melting temperature study of cis-syn and trans-syn thymine dimer containing duplexes of d(CGTATTATGC).cntdot.d(GCATAATACG)
Development of an SU-8 MEMS process with two metal electrodes using amorphous silicon as a sacrificial material
History of the Book in Canada. Volume III : 1918-1980
"The History of the Book in Canada is one of this country's great scholarly achievements, with three volumes spanning topics from Aboriginal communication systems established prior to European contact to the arrival of multinational publishing companies. Each volume observes developments in the realms of writing, publishing, dissemination, and reading, illustrating the process of a fledgling nation coming into its own. The third and final volume follows book history and print culture from the end of the First World War to 1980, discussing the influences on them of the twentieth century, including the country's growing demographic complexity and the rise of multiculturalism." -- Front flap of jacket
Histoire du livre et de lâimprimĂ© au Canada, Volume III
Au Canada, le XXe siĂšcle inaugure une Ă©poque faste en matiĂšre de culture du livre et de lâimprimĂ©. AprĂšs la PremiĂšre Guerre mondiale, lâĂ©mergence de maisons dâĂ©dition indĂ©pendantes, dâassociations dâauteurs, la crĂ©ation de prix littĂ©raires et scientifiques et de subventions Ă la production, notamment au QuĂ©bec, sont autant de signes de la vitalitĂ© du livre dans la transmission et la promotion dâune culture nationale, dĂ©sormais projetĂ©e dans la durĂ©e et conçue comme un hĂ©ritage essentiel. Câest ainsi que lâon peut voir se dĂ©velopper une culture du livre distincte de lâimprimerie et de la presse, oĂč les Ă©diteurs deviennent progressivement des architectes de la culture canadienne. Ce troisiĂšme volume de lâHistoire du livre et de lâimprimĂ© au Canada couvre la pĂ©riode de 1918 Ă 1980, durant laquelle des transformations cruciales ont eu lieu. Ainsi, les deux grands groupes linguistiques du pays sâenrichissent de structures Ă©ditoriales distinctes, et grĂące aux pĂ©riodiques, les populations autochtones et les communautĂ©s ethniques et religieuses sâapproprient les outils de la communication Ă©crite pour exprimer leurs valeurs, affirmer leur appartenance sociale et crĂ©er des liens de solidaritĂ©. La DeuxiĂšme Guerre mondiale crĂ©e une demande nationale accrue pour le livre canadien qui se dĂ©ploie alors sur la scĂšne internationale. Au mĂȘme moment, le cinĂ©ma, la radio et la tĂ©lĂ©vision, phĂ©nomĂšnes nouveaux, favorisent la pĂ©nĂ©tration dâune production de masse en provenance des Ătats-Unis. Lâaffirmation dâune identitĂ© canadienne sâaccentue encore dans les annĂ©es 1960 au moment oĂč les littĂ©ratures canadienne et quĂ©bĂ©coise connaissent une pĂ©riode dâeffervescence sans prĂ©cĂ©dent. Enfin, aprĂšs plus dâun siĂšcle de luttes et de revendications, dâactions individuÂelles et collectives, les gouvernements mettent en place des structures de soutien Ă la crĂ©ation littĂ©raire et au livre qui en assureront lâessor au cours des annĂ©es 1980