Murmúrios [im]possíveis: o desafio dialogante entre poesia e artes plásticas em Vasco Graça Moura

Nesta dissertação tento comprovar que a escrita poética de Vasco Graça Moura está repleta de “murmúrios [im]possíveis” com as artes plásticas; ou seja, que a sua poesia estabelece um diálogo fluido e permanente com a pintura, a fotografia e o desenho, do qual resulta a transfiguração do real e, por conseguinte, a reinterpretação do mundo. Com este intuito, analiso os suportes da escrita (Babo, 2006) assim como os conceitos de ecfrase (Ceia, 2005), rizoma (Deleuze e Guatarri, 2006) e desconstrução (Ceia, 2005), que fundamentam esta “arte combinatória” (Moura, 1983) e solidificam “os múltiplos casamentos do Vasco Graça Moura com as artes de encantamento e sedução” (Veiga, 2000). Esta investigação empreende, portanto, num diálogo com a escrita poética de Vasco Graça Moura, a pintura referida, as fotografias de Gérard Castello-Lopes (Em demanda de Moura – Giraldomachias, 1999) e de Ana Gaiaz (Variações metálicas, 2004), e os desenhos de Jorge Pinheiro (sombras com aquiles e pentesileia, 1999), tentando corroborar a presença da relação cúmplice entre poesia e artes plásticas e acompanhar as suas sucessivas “operações de desmontagem” (Moura, 2007)

Murmúrios [im]possíveis: o desafio dialogante entre poesia e artes plásticas em Vasco Graça Moura

Nesta dissertação tento comprovar que a escrita poética de Vasco Graça Moura está repleta de “murmúrios [im]possíveis” com as artes plásticas; ou seja, que a sua poesia estabelece um diálogo fluido e permanente com a pintura, a fotografia e o desenho, do qual resulta a transfiguração do real e, por conseguinte, a reinterpretação do mundo. Com este intuito, analiso os suportes da escrita (Babo, 2006) assim como os conceitos de ecfrase (Ceia, 2005), rizoma (Deleuze e Guatarri, 2006) e desconstrução (Ceia, 2005), que fundamentam esta “arte combinatória” (Moura, 1983) e solidificam “os múltiplos casamentos do Vasco Graça Moura com as artes de encantamento e sedução” (Veiga, 2000). Esta investigação empreende, portanto, num diálogo com a escrita poética de Vasco Graça Moura, a pintura referida, as fotografias de Gérard Castello-Lopes (Em demanda de Moura – Giraldomachias, 1999) e de Ana Gaiaz (Variações metálicas, 2004), e os desenhos de Jorge Pinheiro (sombras com aquiles e pentesileia, 1999), tentando corroborar a presença da relação cúmplice entre poesia e artes plásticas e acompanhar as suas sucessivas “operações de desmontagem” (Moura, 2007)

Síntese de fotocatalizadores suportados em zeólita do tipo NaX utilizando Nb, Zn, e Fe para o tratamento de efluentes por processo oxidativo avançado

Submitted by Janaina Pereira ([email protected]) on 2019-11-27T19:15:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Fernanda de Freitas Brites Nobrega - tese doutorado.pdf: 5296940 bytes, checksum: d0084f6f591703892bc47f4adec4972e (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Eliane Araujo ([email protected]) on 2019-11-29T19:56:00Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Fernanda de Freitas Brites Nobrega - tese doutorado.pdf: 5296940 bytes, checksum: d0084f6f591703892bc47f4adec4972e (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2019-12-09T17:45:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fernanda de Freitas Brites Nobrega - tese doutorado.pdf: 5296940 bytes, checksum: d0084f6f591703892bc47f4adec4972e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-09FAPEMIG - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas GeraisAs águas residuais provenientes de diferentes indústrias possuem elevadas concentrações de moléculas orgânicas recalcitrantes e elevada toxicidade. Para o tratamento desses efluentes, o processo oxidativo avançado (POA) torna-se uma alternativa viável, em particular a fotocatálise heterogênea. A utilização da energia solar como fonte de energia para a conversão de fótons em energia química apresenta-se como forma ideal para tratar os efluentes industriais. A maioria dos estudos fotocatalíticos tem-se centrado no uso de óxidos nano estruturados e dopados com, metais e óxidos, para aumentar sua energia de ativação. Contudo, a forma tradicional de se utilizar fotocatalisadores (suspensão) é restritiva e pouco aplicável no tratamento de efluentes em escala industrial. Nióbio, zinco e ferro na proporção de 10 e 15% (m/m) foram suportados na zeólita do tipo NaX pelo método de impregnação úmida a fim de obter fotocatalisadores com elevado potencial oxidativo sob radiação solar. Foram realizadas análises de TG para verificação da temperatura responsável pela formação dos óxidos, e etapas de calcinação para formação de fase ativa. Foi observado que a área superficial BET da zeólita reduziu significativamente com a formação dos pentóxido de nióbio, óxido de zinco e goethita. O método de impregnação e o processo de calcinação favoreceu a formação do pentóxido de nióbio na zeólita com energia de ativação, band gap, de 2,9 eV. A goethita suportada na zeólita apresentou valor de band gap de 2.9eV. Com exceção do ZnO/NaX que permaneceu com sua estrutura eletrônica inalterada. A otimização do processo térmico para a síntese do Nb2O5/NaX no forno tubular resultou na melhora de sua atividade fotocatalítica de 40% para 75% de mineralização do corante sob radiação visível e nas mesmas condições de reação. Foi observado que a etapa do processo térmico influência na formação de fotocatalisadores mais ativos. A zeólita pura adsorveu 67% do corante azul de metileno em 24 horas, porém com a impregnação dos óxidos a porcentagem de adsorção reduziu à medida que aumentou a porcentagem de óxidos impregnados. A dosagem otimizada de fotocatalisadores suportados utilizado na reação foi de 5g/L. Nb2O5/NaX e β-FeOOH/NaX foram os fotocatalisadores que obtiveram melhores resultados na degradação do corante utilizando fótons de energia UV-vis e Visível. Nb2O5/NaX e β-FeOOH/NaX foram seletivos à adsorção dos fármacos: ofloxacino, flumequine e ibuprofeno.Industrial wastewaters usually show high concentrations of recalcitrant components and are greatly toxic. Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOP), particularly heterogeneous photocalysis, have been considered as feasible alternatives for industrial wastewater treatment. The use of solar energy as energy source for the conversion of photons into chemical energy arises as the ideal way to treat these wastewaters. Currently, most studies regarding photocatalysis have focused on nano-structured oxides usually doped with metals and other oxides in order to increase their activating energy. However, photocatalysts are traditionally applied in suspension, which restricts their use in industrial scale for wastewater treatment. In the present work, niobium, zinc and iron in the ratio of 10 and 15% (m/m) were supported in NaX zeolites through wet impregnation so as to obtain photocatalysts with high oxidative potential under solar radiation. TG analysis was performed in order to validate the temperature required for oxide formation and calcination for active phase generation. Analysis showed that zeolite’s BET surface area was reduced significantly after the formation of niobium pentoxide, zinc oxide and goethite. Also, impregnation method and calcination process has favored the formation of niobium pentoxides on zeolites’ surface which shows an activating energy, band gap, equals 2,9eV. Goethite supported zeolites also showed band gap equals 2,9eV. ZnO/NaX structure was an exception for that its electronic structure was not modified. Heating process optimization during the synthesis of Nb2O5/NaX in the tubular reactor achieved an improvement of its photocatalytic activity from 40% to 75% dye mineralization under visible radiation in the same reaction conditions. It is possible to assume that heating process influences on the formation of more active photocatalysts. Pure zeolite has adsorbed 67% of methylene blue in 24 hours. After oxides impregnation, however, adsorption rate decreased with an increase on impregnated oxides. Optimum doses of supported photocatalysts used in the reaction was found to be 5g/L. Nb2O5/NaX and β-FeOOH/NaX were the photocatalysts which showed best results on dye degradation using UV-Vis and visible radiation. Nb2O5/NaX and β-FeOOH/NaX were selective to adsorption of drugs: ofloxacine, flumequine and ibuprofen. KEY WORDS

Use of new antiretroviral drugs and classes in Bahia, Brazil: a real life experience on salvage therapy of AIDS patients

Antiretroviral therapy has significantly evolved in the last decade, with an increasing number of new drugs and classes. Currently, even heavily experienced patients can be successfully treated with new regimens. In Brazil, the recent incorporation of some new antiretroviral drugs made it possible to suppress HIV plasma viremia in most treated patients, with significant benefits in terms of quality of life and survival. However, little has been published on outcomes of patients under new drugs-based regimens. We reviewed the safety and efficacy of antiretroviral regimens using recently introduced drugs in Bahia. Our results confirm that patients using darunavir, raltegravir, enfuvirtide, or etravirine presented with a high rate of virological suppression without significant adverse events, after one year of follow-up. Keywords: HIV, Antiretroviral, Salvage therap

Syphilis and HIV-1 among parturient women in Salvador, Brazil: low prevalence of syphilis and high rate of loss to follow-up in HIV-infected women

BACKGROUND: The occurrence of syphilis and HIV-1 infections during pregnancy are major risks to the fetus due to mother-to-child transmission (MTCT). OBJECTIVES: To determine peripartum seroprevalence and risk factors of syphilis and HIV-1 infection among pregnant women in Salvador, Brazil, and the rate of HIV-1 MTCT. METHODS:Cross-sectional study of pregnant women who were admitted for delivery in a reference maternity hospital between May 2008 and March 2009 was conducted. Women were screened for HIV-1 infection and syphilis, and interviewed regarding demographic, behavioral and obstetric data. Newborns to HIV-infected mothers were tested by b-DNA and DNA-PCR to detect HIV-1. RESULTS: A total 3300/8516 women were evaluated. Mean age was 25.8 ± 7.3 years. HIV-1 and syphilis seroprevalence rates were 0.84% (28/3300) and 0.51% (17/3300), respectively. HIV-1 infection was associated with: low education (p = 0.04), having a partner with known HIV infection (p < 0.0001) or with previous sexually transmitted infection (p < 0.0001), blood transfusion (p = 0.003), or accidental exposure to blood (p = 0.003). Syphilis was associated with being Caucasian (p = 0.02), having no steady partner (p = 0.02), being a housewife (p = 0.01), having an intravenous drug user (IVDU) sexual partner (p = 0.04) or a sexual partner with previous STI (p < 0.001). Higher education (p = 0.04) was protective against HIV-infection. Attending a prenatal care program was protective against syphilis (p = 0.008) and HIV-1 (p = 0.02). No case of HIV-1 MTCT was detected, but 25% of children born to HIV-infected mothers were lost to follow up. CONCLUSIONS: In Salvador, peripartum prevalence of syphilis and HIV-1 infection among pregnant women were low, and associated with classic risk factors for both infections. The great proportion of very late diagnosis of HIV infection, and the high rate of loss of follow-up among positive mothers and their infants are of high concern

Syphilis and HIV-1 among parturient women in Salvador, Brazil: low prevalence of syphilis and high rate of loss to follow-up in HIV-infected women

BACKGROUND: The occurrence of syphilis and HIV-1 infections during pregnancy are major risks to the fetus due to mother-to-child transmission (MTCT). OBJECTIVES: To determine peripartum seroprevalence and risk factors of syphilis and HIV-1 infection among pregnant women in Salvador, Brazil, and the rate of HIV-1 MTCT. METHODS:Cross-sectional study of pregnant women who were admitted for delivery in a reference maternity hospital between May 2008 and March 2009 was conducted. Women were screened for HIV-1 infection and syphilis, and interviewed regarding demographic, behavioral and obstetric data. Newborns to HIV-infected mothers were tested by b-DNA and DNA-PCR to detect HIV-1. RESULTS: A total 3300/8516 women were evaluated. Mean age was 25.8 ± 7.3 years. HIV-1 and syphilis seroprevalence rates were 0.84% (28/3300) and 0.51% (17/3300), respectively. HIV-1 infection was associated with: low education (p = 0.04), having a partner with known HIV infection (p < 0.0001) or with previous sexually transmitted infection (p < 0.0001), blood transfusion (p = 0.003), or accidental exposure to blood (p = 0.003). Syphilis was associated with being Caucasian (p = 0.02), having no steady partner (p = 0.02), being a housewife (p = 0.01), having an intravenous drug user (IVDU) sexual partner (p = 0.04) or a sexual partner with previous STI (p < 0.001). Higher education (p = 0.04) was protective against HIV-infection. Attending a prenatal care program was protective against syphilis (p = 0.008) and HIV-1 (p = 0.02). No case of HIV-1 MTCT was detected, but 25% of children born to HIV-infected mothers were lost to follow up. CONCLUSIONS: In Salvador, peripartum prevalence of syphilis and HIV-1 infection among pregnant women were low, and associated with classic risk factors for both infections. The great proportion of very late diagnosis of HIV infection, and the high rate of loss of follow-up among positive mothers and their infants are of high concern

Anogenital infection by Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae in HIV-infected men and women in Salvador, Brazil

Background: Infections caused by Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae are the most common bacterial sexually transmitted infections throughout the world. These sexually transmitted infections are a growing problem in people living with HIV/AIDS. However, the presence of these agents in extra genital sites, remains poorly studied in our country. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae anal and genital infection in people living with HIV/AIDS followed in a reference center in Salvador, Brazil. Methods: Cross-sectional study, from June 2013 to June 2015. Proven HIV-infected people attending this reference center were invited. Clinical and epidemiological data were obtained through interview with standardized form. Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae screening was performed using qPCR (COBAS 4800® Roche). Results: The frequency of positive cases of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae was 12.3% in total, 9.2% cases amongst women and 17.1% amongst men. We found 14.0% of positive cases in anus and 3.1% in genital region in men, while 5.6% and 3.6%, in women, respectively. Among men, anal infection was associated with age 50 copies/mL (p = 0.020), and no antiretroviral use (p = 0.008). Anal infection in women was associated with age <29 years old (p < 0.001) and pregnancy (p = 0.023), and was not associated with report of anal intercourse (p = 0.485). Conclusion: Missed opportunities for diagnosis in extra genital sites could impact on HIV transmission. The extra genital sites need to be considered to break the HIV and bacterial sexually transmitted infections chain-of-transmission. Keywords: HIV, Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Sexually transmitted infections, Anogenital infection