Pur alpha and Sp8 as opposing regulators of neural gata2 expression

AbstractGata2 is an essential hematopoietic transcriptional factor that is also expressed prominently in the nervous system. The early lethality of knockout mice due to severe anemia has largely precluded studies of gata2 neural regulation and function. In this report, we describe the identification of zebrafish Pur alpha and Sp8 orthologs as two factors that function to regulate neuronal expression of gata2. During embryogenesis, Pur alpha is expressed widely, whereas Sp8 has an overlapping pattern of expression with gata2 in the nervous system. Knockdown and ectopic expressions of Pur alpha and Sp8 indicate that these factors function, respectively, as a repressor and an activator of gata2 gene expression in the nervous system. With consideration given to the previously established roles for these factors, we propose a model for how the transcriptional regulation of neural gata2 expression may be involved in controlling cellular proliferation in the nervous system

Développement de la ligne latérale chez le Poisson-Zèbre (Danio rerio)

AIX-MARSEILLE2-BU Sci.Luminy (130552106) / SudocSudocFranceF

Lichens et champignons lichénicoles du parc national des Cévennes (France) 5 – Vue d'ensemble et conclusion

36 pagesVue d'ensemble sur la flore et la végétation lichéniques s.l. du parc national des Cévennes basée surtout sur les quatre publications précédentes parues dans la même série. Tableau de 1091 taxons (dont 993 lichens, 88 champignons lichénicoles non lichénisés et 10 champignons non lichénicoles ni lichénisés ordinairement étudiés par les lichénologues) et de leur présence dans les divers secteurs du parc national. En tenant compte des manques de la présente étude, le nombre total de taxons du parc national est estimé à 1200 dont 1050–1100 lichens. Tableau de 109 groupements lichéniques et de leur présence dans les secteurs du parc national. Remarques sur la gestion conservatoire de la diversité lichénique s.l. : pratiques agropastorales (rôle néfaste des brûlis), traitement forestier (proposition de mettre des parcelles forestières en défens) et reboisements (les conifères, sauf le sapin, sont très défavorables aux lichens). Conclusion sur l'importance des lichens dans les milieux rocheux et forestiers et sur la nécessité de les prendre en considération dans la gestion conservatoire des milieux naturels. Appendice taxonomique comportant 5 nouvelles combinaisons [Caloplaca oasis subsp. rohlenae (Servít) Cl. Roux comb. nov., Lecidea lapicida var. lithophiloides (Müll. Arg.) Cl. Roux comb. nov., Pertusaria flavicans subsp. coudercii (Harm.) Cl. Roux subsp. nov., Rinodina aspersa subsp. atrocinerea (Hook) Cl. Roux comb. nov., Rinodina luridata subsp. immersa (H. Mayrhofer et Cl. Roux) Cl. Roux comb. nov.] et des remarques sur 5 espèces d'Aspicilia dont une, A. substerilis Sipman, est signalée pour la première fois en France

The Copernicus Global 1/12° Oceanic and Sea Ice GLORYS12 Reanalysis

GLORYS12 is a global eddy-resolving physical ocean and sea ice reanalysis at 1/12° horizontal resolution covering the 1993-present altimetry period, designed and implemented in the framework of the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS). The model component is the NEMO platform driven at the surface by atmospheric conditions from the ECMWF ERA-Interim reanalysis. Ocean observations are assimilated by means of a reduced-order Kalman filter. Along track altimeter sea level anomaly, satellite sea surface temperature and sea ice concentration, as well as in situ temperature and salinity vertical profiles are jointly assimilated. A 3D-VAR scheme provides an additional correction for the slowly-evolving large-scale biases in temperature and salinity. The performance of the reanalysis shows a clear dependency on the timedependent in situ observation system. The general assessment of GLORYS12 highlights a level of performance at the state-of-the-art and the capacity of the system to capture the main expected climatic interannual variability signals for ocean and sea ice, the general circulation and the inter-basins exchanges. In terms of trends, GLORYS12 shows a higher than observed warming trend together with a slightly lower than observed global mean sea level rise. Comparisons made with an experiment carried out on the same platform without assimilation show the benefit of data assimilation in controlling water mass properties and sea ice cover and their low frequency variability. Moreover, GLORYS12 represents particularly well the small-scale variability of surface dynamics and compares well with independent (non-assimilated) data. Comparisons made with a twin experiment carried out at 1/4° resolution allows characterizing and quantifying the strengthened contribution of the 1/12° resolution onto the downscaled dynamics. GLORYS12 provides a reliable physical ocean state for climate variability and supports applications such as seasonal forecasts. In addition, this reanalysis has strong assets to serve regional applications and provide relevant physical conditions for applications such as marine biogeochemistry. In the near future, GLORYS12 will be maintained to be as close as possible to real time and could therefore provide relevant and continuous reference past ocean states for many operational applications