Author Roger Bivand [cre, aut],Nicholas Lewin-

Description Set of tools for manipulating and reading geographic data, in particular ESRI shapefiles; C code used from shapelib. It includes binary access to GSHHG shoreline files. The package also provides interface wrappers for exchanging spatial objects with packages such as PB-Smapping, spatstat, maps, RArcInfo, Stata tmap, WinBUGS, Mondrian, and others. License GPL (> = 2

Embodiment of Wearable Augmented Reality Technology in Tourism Experiences

The increasing use of wearable devices for tourism purposes sets the stage for a critical discussion on technological mediation in tourism experience. This paper provides a theoretical reflection on the phenomenon of embodiment relation in technological mediation and then assesses the embodiment of wearable augmented reality technology in a tourism attraction. The findings suggest that technology embodiment is a multidimensional construct consisting of ownership, location, and agency. These support the concept of technology withdrawal, where technology disappears as it becomes part of human actions, and contest the interplay of subjectivity and intentionality between humans and technology in situated experiences such as tourism. It was also found that technology embodiment affects enjoyment and enhances experience with tourism attractions

Aquatische Optische Technologien in Deutschland

Optische Technologien und Verfahren sind sowohl in der limnischen als auch marinen Forschung Deutschlands über alle Bereiche und Skalen etabliert und entwickeln sich rasant weiter. Die Arbeitsgruppe „Aquatische Optische Technologien“ (AOT) will Forschern und Anwendern eine Plattform bieten, die Wissenstransfer fördert, der nationalen Entwicklergemeinschaft ein synergistisches Umfeld eröffnet und die internationale Sichtbarkeit der deutschen Aktivitäten in diesem Forschungsfeld erhöht. Diese Zusammenfassung dokumentiert erstmalig die AOT-Verfahren und -Technologien, die von nationalen Forschungsinstitutionen eingesetzt werden. Wir erwarten, dass die Dokumentation einen Trend in Richtung institutsübergreifender Harmonisierung initiiert. Dies wird die Etablierung offener Standards, eine Verbesserung im Zugang zu Dokumentationen und gegenseitige technischer Hilfestellung bei (System-) Integrationen ermöglichen. Effizienz und Leistungsfähigkeit der AOT-Entwicklung und Anwendung auf nationaler Ebene werden von diesen Bestrebungen profitieren. Weitere Arbeitsgruppen und Entwickler werden ausdrücklich ermutigt, Kontakt aufzunehmen, um in einer späteren Auflage berücksichtigt zu werden

Data Paper. Data Paper

<h2>File List</h2><blockquote> <p>Data file, original</p> <blockquote> <p>Data file is ASCII text, tab delimited. No compression schemes were used. Data set consists of 16,863 records, not including header row. </p> <p><a href="bodysizes.txt">bodysizes.txt</a></p> </blockquote> <p>Data file, revision 1</p> <blockquote> <p><a href="bodysizes_2008.txt">bodysizes_2008.txt</a></p> <p>Updated body size data for the food webs of Mill Stream and Skipwih Pond. Three additional predator–prey links were added to the Skipwith Pond data. All other food web data remain unchanged. The new database now contains 16,866 rows and the sum over the data in the column "Consumer/resource body mass ratio" now equals 2.47388 × 10²⁰. </p> </blockquote> </blockquote> <div> <hr> </div><h2>Description</h2><blockquote> <p>Trophic information – who eats whom – and species’ body sizes are two of the most basic descriptions necessary to understand community structure as well as ecological and evolutionary dynamics. Consumer-resource body size ratios between predators and their prey, and parasitoids and their hosts, have recently gained increasing attention due to their important implications for species’ interaction strengths and dynamical population stability. This data set documents body sizes of consumers and their resources. We gathered body size data for the food webs of Skipwith Pond, a parasitoid community of grass-feeding chalcid wasps in British grasslands; the pelagic community of the Benguela system, a source web based on broom in the United Kingdom; Broadstone Stream, UK; the Grand Cariçaie marsh at Lake Neuchâtel, Switzerland; Tuesday Lake, USA; alpine lakes in the Sierra Nevada of California; Mill Stream, UK; and the eastern Weddell Sea Shelf, Antarctica. Further consumer–resource body size data are included for planktonic predators, predatory nematodes, parasitoids, marine fish predators, freshwater invertebrates, Australian terrestrial consumers, and aphid parasitoids. Containing 16,863 records, this is the largest data set ever compiled for body sizes of consumers and their resources. In addition to body sizes, the data set includes information on consumer and resource taxonomy, the geographic location of the study, the habitat studied, the type of the feeding interaction (e.g., predacious, parasitic) and the metabolic categories of the species (e.g., invertebrate, ectotherm vertebrate). The present data set was gathered with intent to stimulate research on effects of consumer–resource body size patterns on food-web structure, interaction-strength distributions, population dynamics, and community stability. The use of a common data set may facilitate cross-study comparisons and understanding of the relationships between different scientific approaches and models.</p> <p><i>Key words: allometry; body length; body mass; body size ratio; food webs; parasitoid–host; predation; predator–prey</i>.</p> </blockquote