“Ezakiella massiliensis” sp. nov., a new bacterial species isolated from human female genital tract

AbstractWe report the primary characteristics of “Ezakiella massiliensis” strain Marseille P2951 (= DSM 103122 = CSUR P2951), a new member of the Ezakiella genus. Strain Marseille P2951 was isolated from a vaginal sample taken from an asymptomatic 20-year-old woman who had sex with another woman who had bacterial vaginosis

《19和20世纪法国医疗在中国：南方开放港口、租界和租借地的拒绝或依从》 （‘French Medical Practices in China in the 19th and 20th Centuries’）(Le médicament occidental en Chine au tournant du 20e siècle : un refus contrasté)

摘要：本文借助法国档案文献、方志和当地的医学著作等，研究了19世纪和20世纪法国医生进入中国南方的政治背景、法国医生在中华帝国和民国中的权威、19世纪科技革新和药理学扩展背景下的法国医疗方法、对法国医疗方法的抗拒和接受情况、法国医疗方法以及其在当地的竞争者等问题，宏观描述了当时中国南方的医疗状况，论述了法国医生在到达他们的岗位后试图让当地住民信服他们的医疗方法适当性的过程，并再现了当地人民根据或多或少古代的和或多或少常规的观念，倾向于诉诸不同的治疗者，接受和有时反对不同治疗方案的情况。事实上，在20世纪20年代末采用政治措施反对和压制中医之前，西方的医生只是被当作辅助的而不是基本的医治者来看待的，没有像他们的中国同事那样得到完全的利用。 关键词：法国医疗 南方 租借 租借地 治疗 抗拒 接

Usefulness of Routine Fractional Flow Reserve for Clinical Management of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients With Diabetes

Importance: Approximately one-third of patients considered for coronary revascularization have diabetes, which is a major determinant of clinical outcomes, often influencing the choice of the revascularization strategy. The usefulness of fractional flow reserve (FFR) to guide treatment in this population is understudied and has been questioned. Objective: To evaluate the usefulness and rate of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) of integrating FFR in management decisions for patients with diabetes who undergo coronary angiography. Design, setting, and participants: This cross-sectional study used data from the PRIME-FFR study derived from the merger of the POST-IT study (Portuguese Study on the Evaluation of FFR-Guided Treatment of Coronary Disease [March 2012-November 2013]) and R3F study (French Study of FFR Integrated Multicenter Registries Implementation of FFR in Routine Practice [October 2008-June 2010]), 2 prospective multicenter registries that shared a common design. A population of all-comers for whom angiography disclosed ambiguous lesions was analyzed for rates, patterns, and outcomes associated with management reclassification, including revascularization deferral, in patients with vs without diabetes. Data analysis was performed from June to August 2018. Main outcomes and measures: Death from any cause, myocardial infarction, or unplanned revascularization (MACE) at 1 year. Results: Among 1983 patients (1503 [77%] male; mean [SD] age, 65 [10] years), 701 had diabetes, and FFR was performed for 1.4 lesions per patient (58.2% of lesions in the left anterior descending artery; mean [SD] stenosis, 56% [11%]; mean [SD] FFR, 0.81 [0.01]). Reclassification by FFR was high and similar in patients with and without diabetes (41.2% vs 37.5%, P = .13), but reclassification from medical treatment to revascularization was more frequent in the former (142 of 342 [41.5%] vs 230 of 730 [31.5%], P = .001). There was no statistical difference between the 1-year rates of MACE in reclassified (9.7%) and nonreclassified patients (12.0%) (P = .37). Among patients with diabetes, FFR-based deferral identified patients with a lower risk of MACE at 12 months (25 of 296 [8.4%]) compared with those undergoing revascularization (47 of 257 [13.1%]) (P = .04), and the rate was of the same magnitude of the observed rate among deferred patients without diabetes (7.9%, P = .87). Status of insulin treatment had no association with outcomes. Patients (6.6% of the population) in whom FFR was disregarded had the highest MACE rates regardless of diabetes status. Conclusions and relevance: Routine integration of FFR for the management of coronary artery disease in patients with diabetes may be associated with a high rate of treatment reclassification. Management strategies guided by FFR, including revascularization deferral, may be useful for patients with diabetes.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Inhibition of sialidase activity and cellular invasion by the bacterial vaginosis pathogen Gardnerella vaginalis

Bacterial vaginosis is a genital tract infection, thought to be caused by transformation of a lactobacillus-rich flora to a dysbiotic microbiota enriched in mixed anaerobes. The most prominent of these is Gardnerella vaginalis (GV), an anaerobic pathogen that produces sialidase enzyme to cleave terminal sialic acid residues from human glycans. Notably, high sialidase activity is associated with preterm birth and low birthweight. We explored the potential of the sialidase inhibitor Zanamavir against GV whole cell sialidase activity using methyl-umbelliferyl neuraminic acid (MU-NANA) cleavage assays, with Zanamavir causing a 30% reduction in whole cell GV sialidase activity (p < 0.05). Furthermore, cellular invasion assays using HeLa cervical epithelial cells, infected with GV, demonstrated that Zanamivir elicited a 50% reduction in cell association and invasion (p < 0.05). Our data thus highlight that pharmacological sialidase inhibitors are able to modify BV-associated sialidase activity and influence host-pathogen interactions and may represent novel therapeutic adjuncts

Prise en compte des pré-soutènements dans le dimensionnement des tunnels

Les méthodes usuelles de calcul des tunnels prenant en compte les phénomènes tridimensionnels et d'interaction sol-structure ont largement évolué récemment. Toutefois, la présence de pré-soutènements, de plus en plus fréquemment utilisés notamment pour les projets en site urbain, reste encore difficile à prendre en compte dans les méthodes existantes. L'article présente les résultats d'études théoriques permettant de proposer une méthodologie de généralisation des approches « convergence-confinement » aux cas de tunnels utilisant les méthodes de pré-soutènements (pré-voûtes, voûtes-parapluies, jet-grouting, etc.)

Constitutive modeling of stress softening and permanent set in a porcine skin tissue: Impact of the storage preservation

International audiencePrior to testing, soft tissues are usually maintained in different media and additives (solution, air, cryopreservant…) under various environment conditions (temperature, storage duration….). In many cases, results from mechanical tests performed on these stored tissues are supposed to be as closed as possible to the fresh ones. In the present work, cyclic tensile tests were performed with increasing values of strain on porcine skin tissues (excised following the Langer's lines) to enhance tissues mechanical nonlinearity such as softening behavior and permanent set. Optical methods were used to follow the in-plane strains evolution. These latest values were used as data to simulate the structural behavior of these heterogeneous materials. The numerical simulation is based on the constitutive pseudo-elastic model accounting for the softening behavior as well as the permanent set. As a result, reliable material parameters were extracted from the experiments/model comparison for each storage solution. The result of this study reveals that preservation conditions must be carefully chosen: at low strain the tissues store in fridge in a saline solution during a short time, or in freezer (À 80°C) in water with cryopreservant and the fresh one lead to a similar mechanical response. For larger strain, the freezing (À 80°C) in water with cryopreservant is the only procedure for which the tissue recovers its initial behavior

'Corynebacterium fournierii,' a new bacterial species isolated from the vaginal sample of a patient with bacterial vaginosis.

International audienceHere we describe briefly 'Corynebacterium fournierii' strain Marseille P2948 (= CSUR P2948 = DSM103271), a new bacterium that was isolated from the vaginal sample of a 21-year-old woman with bacterial vaginosis