Los anzuelos circulares/Circular hooks

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Analysis and Evaluation of the Ministry of the Hamilton Community Church to the Unchurched

Problem. During my first eight years in the ministry I was troubled that members did not feel comfortable inviting unchurched seekers to our weekend worship services. I was concerned about the fact that most churches, including mine, were not reaching the unchurched. Method. In 1990 I attended a Pastor’s Conference at the Willow Creek Community Church near Chicago, Illinois, where I learned how their philosophy and strategy for ministry had resulted in great success in reaching the unchurched. In September of 1991 we planted the Hamilton Community Church in Chattanooga, Tennessee using some of the philosophy and strategy of the Willow Creek Community Church to reach the unchurched. Our services included contemporary Christian music, drama, multimedia and other modem forms of communication. We also have offered a wide variety of adult classes. In order to be able to determine whether or not our approach was sound I did a case study in which I reviewed the sociological, cultural, and religious factors related to the unchurched and how they led to the planting of the Hamilton Community Church. Next I explored what the Bible says concerning the methods God has used to reach the lost to determine if what we were doing was in harmony with Scripture. I also reviewed church history to see if there was any others who contextualized the presentation of the gospel as we have been doing. I also examined the writings of Ellen White to find out her views on our type of ministry. Results. There was considerable controversy in our community over the methods we were using, particularly in the areas of music and drama. Our attendance averages around 400. We have had 60 baptisms, twelve of which came from unchurched backgrounds. Approximately 100 inactive Seventh-day Adventists have begun attending church again. Conclusions. In my opinion, the Bible, the writings of Ellen White, and church history all support the contextualization of the presentation of gospel message as we have done when trying to reach the unchurched. The Hamilton Church is headed in the right direction, but our methods need improvement in order to reach larger numbers of unchurched people

Biuret Staining and X-Ray Microanalysis for Locating Grafted Poly(Methyl Acrylate) on Wool Fibers

Biuret reagent was used to stain wool fibers with copper so the location of a small amount of poly(methyl acrylate) grafted onto the fibers could be determined by energy dispersive x-ray microanalysis of copper. The grafted polymer was determined to be located in regions of the fibers where cuticle had been previously damaged. The amount of grafted polymer present was too small for secondary electron imaging to be useful for locating the polymer grafts

Combinatorial Display of Small Molecule Ligands on Gold Nanoparticles for Antimicrobial Properties

The continual emergence of multidrug resistance in bacteria calls for the development of novel antibiotics in order to treat resistant infections. Traditionally, small molecule antibiotics have been used as treatment for infections. However, the emergence of multidrug resistance in bacteria encompasses every major class of commercially available antibiotics. As the need for antimicrobials capable of combating multidrug resistant bacteria grows, completely new therapeutic paradigms for the treatment of bacterial infections are being explored. This thesis presents one such paradigm in which small-molecule ligands conjugated to gold nanoparticles function as novel antibacterial materials. The goal of this work was to develop the synthetic methods necessary for gold nanoparticle library synthesis and purification, identify gold nanoparticle conjugates capable of inhibiting the growth of various strains of bacteria, determine nanoscale structure-activity relationships (NSAR) for the most active conjugates, and gain insights into the mode of action of these gold nanoparticle conjugates. Gold nanoparticle conjugates capable of inhibiting the growth of various strains of bacteria were identified from an initial 120 member combinatorial library. The activity of the gold nanoparticle conjugates was dependent on the chemical functionalities combined on the surface of the gold nanoparticles. Preliminary studies identified a lead gold nanoparticle conjugate, designated LAL-32, which displayed 99.9% growth inhibition of E. coli at a concentration of 250 nM and a therapeutic index of 400

The epidemiology of diarrhoeal disease in children at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi, 1994-1997

Diarrhoeal disease (DD) is a leading cause of childhood morbidity and mortality in developing countries throughout the world. To begin to understand the burden of DD at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital (QECH), its seasonality and age distribution, we reviewed inpatient and outpatient records for cases of gastroenteritis between 1994 and 1997. Annually, DO. accounted for an average of 7,300 attendances to the; Under 5's rehydration clinic, 1219 paediatric admissions (12% of all hospitalisations) and 183 deaths in hospitalised children (19% of total). A distinct seasonal pattern was identified with monthly peaks for DD occurring between October to January. Over 75% children (inpatients and outpatients) were below two years of age. During the study period, an increase in the number of outpatient attendances for DD was observed. In contrast, the number of children with a more severe outcome, hospitalisation or death, declined during the study period. This is likely to be explicable by the increasing and appropriate use of oral rehydration therapy. We conclude that DD is a substantial cause of morbidity and mortality in Malawian children. Further studies of the patterns of DD at QECH will be necessary to assess the impact ofDD control programmes

Rotavirus.

Rotavirus, the most common diarrheal pathogen in children worldwide, causes approximately one third of diarrhea-associated hospitalizations and 800,000 deaths per year. Because natural infection reduces the incidence and severity of subsequent episodes, rotavirus diarrhea might be controlled through vaccination. Serotypespecific immunity may play a role in protection from disease. Tetravalent rhesus-human reassortant rotavirus vaccine (RRV-TV) (which contains a rhesus rotavirus with serotype G3 specificity and reassortant rhesus-human rotaviruses with G1, G2, and G4 specificity) provides coverage against the four common serotypes of human rotavirus. In clinical trials in industrialized countries, RRV-TV conferred 49% to 68% protection against any rotavirus diarrhea and 61% to 100% protection against severe disease. This vaccine was licensed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration on August 31, 1998, and should be cost-effective in reducing diarrheal diseases in industrialized countries. The vaccine's efficacy and cost-effectiveness in developing countries should be evaluated

Epidemiology and strain characterization of rotavirus diarrhea in Malaysia

SummaryObjectivesThe objectives of the study were to describe the epidemiology and strain characterization of rotavirus (RV), to determine the proportion of hospitalizations for diarrhea attributable to RV among children under 5 years of age, and to estimate the disease burden of RV diarrhea in Malaysia.MethodsAll children 0–59 months of age admitted for acute gastroenteritis to Kuala Lumpur Hospital (KLH) or Hospital Umum Sarawak (HUS) were surveyed. The periods of surveillance were from February 1, 2001 to April 30, 2003 in KLH and April 1, 2001 to March 31, 2003 for HUS.ResultsThe highest rate of RV-associated diarrhea was among children aged 6–17 months, accounting for 55% of RV-associated diarrhea. There was no seasonality observed in either hospital. P[8]G9 strains were predominant, accounting for 73% of all strains in both hospitals, 80% from KLH and 61% from HUS. There was no mortality.ConclusionsRV was responsible for 38% of hospitalizations for diarrhea. It was most common in the 6–17 months age group. There was no seasonality observed for RV-associated diarrhea. The most prevalent strain of RV was P[8]G9. The estimated incidence of RV-associated diarrhea was 27 per 10000 population under the age of 5 years per year

BASIS WEIGHT UNIFORMITY OF LIGHTLY NEEDLED HYDROENTANGLED COTTON AND COTTON BLEND WEBS

New nonwoven products containing cotton and Lyocell (Trademarked name Tencel), low temperature thermal-bondable bicomponent olefin/polyester, or comber noils were developed using needlepunching and spunlacing (hydroentanglement). Webs containing five different blends were prepared by either light needlepunching, or light needlepunching followed by hydroentangling. We acquired detailed basis weight uniformity measurements to learn about processing and the influence of fiber blend composition on web uniformity. Basis weight uniformity was evaluated without regard to web direction ("Total" uniformity), along the machine direction (MD uniformity) and across the cross direction (CD uniformity) at numerous size resolutions. We observed that blending manufactured fibers (either Tencel or olefin/polyester) with bleached cotton and comber noils substantially improved basis weight uniformity of both types of nonwovens. We also observed that subjecting needled webs to hydroentangling significantly improved Total and MD uniformities