O esporte na cidade : capítulos de sua história em Vitória

Organizadores, Ivan Marcelo Gomes, Felipe Quintão de Almeida, Ueberson Ribeiro Almeida, Cláudia Emília Aguiar Morae

Towards an understanding of teacher judgement in the context of social moderation

Social moderation involves teachers gathering together to discuss their judgements of the quality of student work and to reach agreement regarding the standard awarded. This qualitative study conducted over a three-year period investigated the social practice of moderation and the influence on teachers’ judgements of students work. An initial survey of teachers’ understandings of moderation and standards, pre-interviews of teachers who participated in the moderation meetings, observations of these meetings with a particular focus on one teacher (focus teachers) comprised the data collection methods. Data analysis involved organising, matching, coding, identifying patterns and themes using a constant comparative method. Socio-cultural theories of learning and assessment underpinned the approach to data analysis and proved helpful in explaining the diverse influences on teachers’ judgements beyond the task criteria, and the progressive development of shared understandings through engaging in professional discussions of students’ work. The study revealed that the process is not clear and linear and is influenced by factors such as the representation of the standards and the knowledge base of the teachers

Pragmatism and Its Aftermath

Pragmatism was considered for some decades as the philosophy of progressive education but, more recently, this identification has been problematized and different interpretations of the significance of pragmatism for the educational discourse have emerged. Against this backdrop, the chapter undertakes an exploration of the meaning of pragmatism, by highlighting how its anti-dualism, anti-foundationalism, and fallibilism have been pivotal for the elaboration of conceptual tools (like those of inquiry, habit, belief, social self, and democracy as a form of life), which have been of major import for the philosophical-educational reflection. In the interpretation here advanced the anti-Cartesian and Darwinian matrix of the classic pragmatist thought has provided educational philosophy and theory with the resources to remove the deadlocks of modern philosophy with its dichotomies between experience and thinking, body and mind, and action and theory