Procedimento prático para elaboração de uma tabela de produção.

bitstream/CNPF-2009-09/43533/1/Doc165.pd

Embedded Star Formation in the Eagle Nebula with Spitzer/GLIMPSE

We present new Spitzer photometry of the Eagle Nebula (M16, containing the optical cluster NGC 6611) combined with near-infrared photometry from 2MASS. We use dust radiative transfer models, mid-infrared and near-infrared color-color analysis, and mid-infrared spectral indices to analyze point source spectral energy distributions, select candidate young stellar objects (YSOs), and constrain their mass and evolutionary state. Comparison of the different protostellar selection methods shows that mid-infrared methods are consistent, but as has been known for some time, near-infrared-only analysis misses some young objects. We reveal more than 400 protostellar candidates, including one massive young stellar object (YSO) that has not been previously highlighted. The YSO distribution supports a picture of distributed low-level star formation, with no strong evidence of triggered star formation in the ``pillars''. We confirm the youth of NGC 6611 by a large fraction of infrared-excess sources, and reveal a younger cluster of YSOs in the nearby molecular cloud. Analysis of the YSO clustering properties shows a possible imprint of the molecular cloud's Jeans length. Multiwavelength mid-IR imaging thus allows us to analyze the protostellar population, to measure the dust temperature and column density, and to relate these in a consistent picture of star formation in M16.Comment: 16p preprint - ApJ accepte

The time response of anaerobic digestion microbiome during an organic loading rate shock.

Knowledge of connections between operational conditions, process stability, and microbial community dynamics is essential to enhance anaerobic digestion (AD) process efficiency and management. In this study, the detailed temporal effects of a sudden glycerol-based organic overloading on the AD microbial community and process imbalance were investigated in two replicate anaerobic digesters by a time-intensive sampling scheme. The microbial community time response to the overloading event was shorter than the shifts of reactor performance parameters. An increase in bacterial community dynamics and in the abundances of several microbial taxa, mainly within the Firmicutes, Tenericutes, and Chloroflexi phyla and Methanoculleus genera, could be detected prior to any shift on the reactor operational parameters. Reactor acidification already started within the first 24 h of the shock and headed the AD process to total inhibition in 72 h alongside with the largest shifts on microbiome, mostly the increase of Anaerosinus sp. and hydrogenotrophic methanogenic Archaea. In sum, this work proved that AD microbial community reacts very quickly to an organic overloading and some shifts occur prior to alterations on the performance parameters. The latter is very interesting as it can be used to improve AD process management protocols.pre-print1710 K

Dorsal root ganglion macrophages contribute to both the initiation and persistence of neuropathic pain.

Paralleling the activation of dorsal horn microglia after peripheral nerve injury is a significant expansion and proliferation of macrophages around injured sensory neurons in dorsal root ganglia (DRG). Here we demonstrate a critical contribution of DRG macrophages, but not those at the nerve injury site, to both the initiation and maintenance of the mechanical hypersensitivity that characterizes the neuropathic pain phenotype. In contrast to the reported sexual dimorphism in the microglial contribution to neuropathic pain, depletion of DRG macrophages reduces nerve injury-induced mechanical hypersensitivity and expansion of DRG macrophages in both male and female mice. However, fewer macrophages are induced in the female mice and deletion of colony-stimulating factor 1 from sensory neurons, which prevents nerve injury-induced microglial activation and proliferation, only reduces macrophage expansion in male mice. Finally, we demonstrate molecular cross-talk between axotomized sensory neurons and macrophages, revealing potential peripheral DRG targets for neuropathic pain management

Uso do dendrograma de manejo de densidade: uma aplicação prática com Hovenia dulcis Thunberg.

O objetivo principal deste trabalho é fazer uma aplicação prática dos dendrogramas de manejo de densidade em uma população de Hovenía dulcís localizada na região central do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Para tanto, foram utilizados dados de um povoamento de Hovenia dutcis de aproximadamente 1,3 hectares com 25 anos de idade, localizado em área da Fundação de Pesquisa Agropecuária (FEPAGRO). O dendrograma de densidade utilizado para a simulação das intervenções foi elaborado por Selle (2009), para o local e espécie. Estabeleceu-se que a melhor forma de conduzir o povoamento é com a aplicação de duas intervenções silviculturais, sendo uma aplicada imediatamente e outra, quando o diâmetro da árvore de área basal média atingir 27 em. No primeiro desbaste devem ser retiradas 36,6% e no segundo 33,3% das árvores, correspondendo a 33,6 e 45,6% da área basal, respectivamente

A Two-Step Segmentation Method for Breast Ultrasound Masses Based on Multi-resolution Analysis

Breast ultrasound images have several attractive properties that make them an interesting tool in breast cancer detection. However, their intrinsic high noise rate and low contrast turn mass detection and segmentation into a challenging task. In this article, a fully automated two-stage breast mass segmentation approach is proposed. In the initial stage, ultrasound images are segmented using support vector machine or discriminant analysis pixel classification with a multiresolution pixel descriptor. The features are extracted using non-linear diffusion, bandpass filtering and scale-variant mean curvature measures. A set of heuristic rules complement the initial segmentation stage, selecting the region of interest in a fully automated manner. In the second segmentation stage, refined segmentation of the area retrieved in the first stage is attempted, using two different techniques. The AdaBoost algorithm uses a descriptor based on scale-variant curvature measures and non-linear diffusion of the original image at lower scales, to improve the spatial accuracy of the ROI. Active contours use the segmentation results from the first stage as initial contours. Results for both proposed segmentation paths were promising, with normalized Dice similarity coefficients of 0.824 for AdaBoost and 0.813 for active contours. Recall rates were 79.6% for AdaBoost and 77.8% for active contours, whereas the precision rate was 89.3% for both methods.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Índices de sítios para Hovenia dulcis Thunberg na região central do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil.

Este trabalho teve como objetivo construir curvas índice de sítios florestais, a partir da altura dominante e idade, de populações localizadas na região central do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Para tanto, foram utilizadas informações de três povoamentos (sítios) com idades de 25 anos, localizados na Fundação de Pesquisa Agropecuária (FEPAGRO). Para classificar os sítios florestais, coletaram-se informações de 18 árvores dominantes nos locais, observando a metodologia para análise de tronco. Na construção das curvas de índice de sítio, foi o selecionado o modelo de Backman, ficando constatada a necessidade da construção de dois conjuntos de curvas, com intervalo de 2 m, da idade de 5 a 25 anos, com idade índice de 25 anos. Para o Sítio I-A, foram geradas 3 curvas índices, de 22 a 24 m e, para os Sítios I-B+II+III, 6 curvas índices de 8 a 18 m