Varied Image Data Augmentation Methods for Building Ensemble

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are used in many domains but the requirement of large datasets for robust training sessions and no overfitting makes them hard to apply in medical fields and similar fields. However, when large quantities of samples cannot be easily collected, various methods can still be applied to stem the problem depending on the sample type. Data augmentation, rather than other methods, has recently been under the spotlight mostly because of the simplicity and effectiveness of some of the more adopted methods. The research question addressed in this work is whether data augmentation techniques can help in developing robust and efficient machine learning systems to be used in different domains for classification purposes. To do that, we introduce new image augmentation techniques that make use of different methods like Fourier Transform (FT), Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT), Radon Transform (RT), Hilbert Transform (HT), Singular Value Decomposition (SVD), Local Laplacian Filters (LLF) and Hampel filter (HF). We define different ensemble methods by combining various classical data augmentation methods with the newer ones presented here. We performed an extensive empirical evaluation on 15 different datasets to validate our proposal. The obtained results show that the newly proposed data augmentation methods can be very effective even when used alone. The ensembles trained with different augmentations methods can outperform some of the best approaches reported in the literature as well as compete with state-of-the-art custom methods. All resources are available at https://github.com/LorisNanni.publishedVersionPeer reviewe

NOTCH1 mutational status in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: Clinical relevance of subclonal mutations and mutation types

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Mutations in the 3' untranslated region (3' UTR) of NOTCH1 are associated with low CD20 expression levels in chronic lymphocytic leukemia

20letteropenopenBittolo, Tamara; Pozzo, Federico; Bomben, Riccardo; D'Agaro, Tiziana; Bravin, Vanessa; Bulian, Pietro; Rossi, Francesca Maria; Zucchetto, Antonella; Degan, Massimo; Macor, Paolo; D'Arena, Giovanni; Chiarenza, Annalisa; Zaja, Francesco; Pozzato, Gabriele; Di Raimondo, Francesco; Rossi, Davide; Gaidano, Gianluca; Del Poeta, Giovanni; Gattei, Valter; Dal Bo, MicheleBittolo, Tamara; Pozzo, Federico; Bomben, Riccardo; D'Agaro, Tiziana; Bravin, Vanessa; Bulian, Pietro; Rossi, Francesca Maria; Zucchetto, Antonella; Degan, Massimo; Macor, Paolo; D'Arena, Giovanni; Chiarenza, Annalisa; Zaja, Francesco; Pozzato, Gabriele; Di Raimondo, Francesco; Rossi, Davide; Gaidano, Gianluca; Del Poeta, Giovanni; Gattei, Valter; Dal Bo, Michel

Expression of the transcribed ultraconserved region 70 and the related long non-coding RNA AC092652.2-202 has prognostic value in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) development and progression is known to be affected by a plethora of external signals. Among the receptors sensitive to such stimuli, toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) is of interest because treatment with an agonist like CpG-oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG-ODN) impacts in tumor cell viability and immunogenicity through rendering them more sensitive to T cell-mediated cytotoxicity and chemotherapeutic agents in vitro. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) expression alterations have been implicated in various neoplasms including CLL, suggesting that they could also be therapeutic targets and/or clinically useful biomarkers. Transcribed Ultraconserved Regions (T-UCRs) are a class of lncRNA comprising a total of 481 different transcripts with an absolute degree of conservation among human, mouse and rat, that it is suggestive of an essential functional relevance in mammals. In the present study we have explored the possible role of T-UCR in the pathogenesis of CLL performing a global screening using microarrays and qRT-PCR in response to CpG-ODN stimulation. We have identified a AC092652.2-202 as the uc.70-related lncRNA which expression levels are related to the response to CpG-ODN and have prognostic significance in CLL. These findings warrant further studies on the functional characterization of this lncRNA in CLL as well of the particular role of uc.70 sequence in its expression regulationFil: Bomben, Riccardo. University of Miami; Estados Unidos. Centro Di Riferimento Oncologico; ItaliaFil: Roisman, Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Medicina Experimental. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Medicina Experimental; Argentina. Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer. Lymphoid Neoplasm Program; España. University of Miami; Estados UnidosFil: D'Agaro, Tiziana. Centro Di Riferimento Oncologico; ItaliaFil: Castellano, Giancarlo. Hospital Clínico de Barcelona; EspañaFil: Baumann, Tycho. Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer. Lymphoid Neoplasm Program; España. Hospital Clínico de Barcelona; EspañaFil: Delgado, Julio. Hospital Clínico de Barcelona; España. Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer. Lymphoid Neoplasm Program; EspañaFil: López Guillermo, Armando. Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer. Lymphoid Neoplasm Program; España. Hospital Clínico de Barcelona; EspañaFil: Zucchetto, Antonella. Centro Di Riferimento Oncologico; ItaliaFil: Dal Bo, Michele. Centro Di Riferimento Oncologico; ItaliaFil: Bravin, Vanessa. Centro Di Riferimento Oncologico; ItaliaFil: Slavutsky, Irma Rosa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Medicina Experimental. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Vlasova, Anna. Barcelona Institute Of Science And Technology.; EspañaFil: Guigó, Roderic. Barcelona Institute Of Science And Technology.; EspañaFil: Martin Subero, Jose I.. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer ; España. Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer. Lymphoid Neoplasm Program; EspañaFil: Chapaprieta, Vicente. Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer. Lymphoid Neoplasm Program; EspañaFil: Beekman, Renee. Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer. Lymphoid Neoplasm Program; España. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer ; EspañaFil: Martin García, David. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer ; España. Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer. Lymphoid Neoplasm Program; EspañaFil: Beà, Sílvia. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer ; España. Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer. Lymphoid Neoplasm Program; EspañaFil: Salaverria, Itziar. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer ; España. Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer. Lymphoid Neoplasm Program; EspañaFil: Aymerich, Marta. Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer. Lymphoid Neoplasm Program; España. Hospital Clínico de Barcelona; EspañaFil: Campo, Elias. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer ; España. Hospital Clínico de Barcelona; España. Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer. Lymphoid Neoplasm Program; EspañaFil: Gattei, Valter. Centro Di Riferimento Oncologico; ItaliaFil: Hernández, Luis. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer ; España. Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer. Lymphoid Neoplasm Program; Españ

Mutational status of IGHV is the most reliable prognostic marker in trisomy 12 chronic lymphocytic leukemia

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Development of a new CEDAR for kaon identification at the NA62 experiment at CERN

International audienceThe NA62 experiment at CERN utilises a differential Cherenkov counter with achromatic ring focus (CEDAR) for tagging kaons within an unseparated monochromatic beam of charged hadrons. The CEDAR-H detector was developed to minimise the amount of material in the path of the beam by using hydrogen gas as the radiator medium. The detector was shown to satisfy the kaon tagging requirements in a test-beam before installation and commissioning at the experiment. The CEDAR-H performance was measured using NA62 data collected in 2023