Influência das variáveis ambientais sobre as características quantitativas do sêmen de caprinos das raças Canindé e Moxotó.

Estudos têm demonstrado que os elementos climáticos exercem efeitos diretos e indiretos sobre os animais. Entre esses efeitos, a variação nas características seminais condicionada às varáveis ambientais, que podem afetá-las positiva ou negativamente. O trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a influência de diferentes condições de temperatura e umidade relativa em parâmetros quantitativos do sêmen em caprinos das raças Canindé e Moxotó. O experimento foi realizado na Embrapa caprinos e ovinos, em Sobral/CE. Foram utilizados seis animais, sendo três da raça Canindé e três Moxotó no período de 01 a 22 de junho de 2007, quando foram coletados, uma vez por semana, o sêmen de cada animal, bem como medidas a temperatura e a umidade relativa do ar. No momento da coleta também foi mensurado o volume ejaculado e, em laboratório, a concentração espermática e o out put (número total de espermatozóides). A variação da Entalpia foi suficiente para afetar, negativamente, algumas características quantitativas do ejaculado de machos caprinos das raças Canindé e Moxotó. Os animais da raça Canindé mostraram-se ligeiramente mais sensíveis às variações das condições ambientais

Early Clinical Manifestations Associated with Death from Visceral Leishmaniasis

The visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a disease potentially fatal if not diagnosed and treated opportunely. This article presents the results of the study on the manifestations identified at the time of the clinical suspicion of the VL cases. This study was conducted in Belo Horizonte, the capital of the State of Minas Gerais, located in southeastern Brazil. This study is both timely and substantive because the Belo Horizonte is an area of transmission of VL, with one of the highest VL-death proportions of Brazil. The patients with higher risk of death had at least one of the following characteristics: ≥60 years, weakness, HIV co-infection, bleeding, jaundice and other associated infections. During the period 2002–2009, 8% to 22% of the patients with VL progressed to death in Belo Horizonte, whilst the proportion in the country was much lower and varied between 5% and 9%. This study has identified vulnerable patients who are at higher risk of death from VL and who would benefit from early predictive evaluation of the prognostic. Hence, the knowledge regarding the factors associated with death may contribute for clinical management and for reduction of deaths from VL

Mammography-based screening program: preliminary results from a first 2-year round in a Brazilian region using mobile and fixed units

RLH, TBS and ALF made substantial contributions to the conception and design of the article, the acquisition, analysis and interpretation of the data, and drafting of the article. ECM, JSCM and NB made substantial contributions to the conception and design of the study.Background: Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer deaths among women worldwide. The use of mobile mammography units to offer screening to women living in remote areas is a rational strategy to increase the number of women examined. This study aimed to evaluate results from the first 2 years of a government-organized mammography screening program implemented with a mobile unit (MU) and a fixed unit (FU) in a rural county in Brazil. The program offered breast cancer screening to women living in Barretos and the surrounding area. Methods: Based on epidemiologic data, 54 238 women, aged 40 to 69 years, were eligible for breast cancer screening. The study included women examined from April 1, 2003 to March 31, 2005. The chi-square test and Bonferroni correction analyses were used to evaluate the frequencies of tumors and the importance of clinical parameters and tumor characteristics. Significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Overall, 17 964 women underwent mammography. This represented 33.1% of eligible women in the area. A mean of 18.6 and 26.3 women per day were examined in the FU and MU, respectively. Seventy six patients were diagnosed with breast cancer (41 (54%) in the MU). This represented 4.2 cases of breast cancer per 1000 examinations. The number of cancers detected was significantly higher in women aged 60 to 69 years than in those aged 50 to 59 years (p < 0.001) or 40 to 49 years (p < 0.001). No difference was observed between women aged 40 to 49 years and those aged 50 to 59 years (p = 0.164). The proportion of tumors in the early (EC 0 and EC I) and advanced (CS III and CS IV) stages of development were 43.4% and 15.8%, respectively. Conclusions: Preliminary results indicate that this mammography screening program is feasible for implementation in a rural Brazilian territory and favor program continuation

Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem

Profile of patients with brain tumors and the role of nursing care Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem, vol. 69, núm. 1, enero-febrero, 2016, pp. 150-155 Associação Brasileira de Enfermagem Brasília, Brasil ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the profi le of 200 patients with central nervous system tumors (CNST), and the role of the nursing care. Method: prospective, quantitative and descriptive analysis of medical records of 200 patients with TSNC. Results: a total of 61% of our patients had benign CNST and 39% had malignant tumors. The extent of patient dependence, according to the Karnofsky Performance Status scale, was signifi cantly greater for patients with malignant CNST (p &lt; .05), indicating that these patients needed more support with their activities of daily living. Conclusion: patients with CNST need specialized care, with specifi c guidance regarding their disease and aspects of daily living after treatment. Thus, the nurse can function as a key element for the effectiveness of care provided to patients and family members with the aim of enhancing the quality of life of all those affected, directly or indirectly, by the disease. Key words: Brain Neoplasms; Nurse&apos;s Role; Nursing Care; Karnofsky Performance Status; Oncology Nursing RESUMO Objetivo: descrever o perfi l de 200 pacientes com tumores no sistema nervoso central (TSNC) e o papel do cuidado em enfermagem. Método: análise prospectiva, quantitativa e descritiva de prontuários de 200 pacientes com TSNC. Resultados: 61% dos pacientes possuíam TSNC benignos e 39% tumores malignos. O grau de dependência do paciente de acordo com a Escala de Karnofsky foi signifi cativamente maior para pacientes com tumores malignos (P &lt;0,05), indicando que estes precisam de maior esforço e, consequentemente, apoio em suas atividades diárias. Conclusão: Pacientes com TSNC necessitam de cuidados especializados, com orientações específi cas a respeito de sua doença e aos aspectos da sua vida diária após o tratamento. Assim, o enfermeiro pode ser um elemento-chave para a efi cácia dos cuidados prestados aos pacientes e familiares com o objetivo de melhorar a qualidade de vida de todas as pessoas afetadas, direta ou indiretamente, pela doença. Descritores: Neoplasias Encefálicas; Papel do Profi ssional de Enfermagem; Cuidados de Enfermagem; Avaliação de Estado de Karnofsky; Enfermagem Oncológica. RESUMEN Objetivo: describir el perfi l de los 200 pacientes con tumores del sistema nervioso central (TSNC) y el papel de la enfermería. Método: análisis prospectivo, cuantitativo y descriptivo de los registros médicos de 200 pacientes con TSNC. Resultados: 61% de los pacientes tenían TSNC benignos y 39% tumores malignos. El grado de la dependencia de los pacientes según la Escala de Karnofsky fue signifi cativamente mayor en los pacientes con tumores malignos (P &lt;0,05), lo que indica que estos pacientes necesitan más apoyo en las actividades diarias. Conclusión: los pacientes con tumores cerebrales requieren atención especializada, con directrices específi cas sobre su enfermedad y aspectos de la vida diaria después del tratamiento. Por l