Systemischer Pruritus: Was gibt es Neues in Diagnostik und Therapie?

BACKGROUND: Chronic pruritus is a common symptom of various systemic diseases. In particular, patients with chronic renal failure, hepatobiliary diseases, and myeloproliferative neoplasms are affected. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of laboratory chemistry and imaging diagnostics as well as current and novel therapeutic approaches to pruritus of systemic diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An extensive PubMed search was performed. RESULTS: To clarify the cause of chronic pruritus, a step-by-step diagnosis is recommended, which is based on the frequency of pruritus-associated diseases. A basic diagnosis enables a cost-effective and targeted clarification at the level of a general practitioner. Current topical and drug therapy recommendations of pruritus in chronic renal failure, hepatobiliary diseases, myeloproliferative neoplasms, and rarer causes are summarized. In addition, novel therapeutic approaches such as the κ‑opioid receptor agonist difelikefalin, bezafibrate, inhibitors of the ileal bile acid transporter (IBAT), and the JAK-STAT pathway are highlighted. CONCLUSIONS: Chronic pruritus in systemic diseases can be a diagnostic challenge. A staged diagnostic approach facilitates identification of the underlying disease. Improved pathophysiological understanding has led to the first approved therapeutic options for chronic kidney disease-associated and hepatic pruritus

Simulationsforum 2013 - Schweißen und Wärmebehandlung

Das Buch veröffentlicht 22 Fachbeiträge der Konferenz "Simulationsforum 2013 - Schweißen und Wärmebehandlung"

Weiterentwicklung von Methoden in der numerischen Schweißsimulation

Ziel der Schweißsimulation ist neben des weiterführenden Verständnisses zur Verzugs- und Eigenspannungsentstehung deren detailgenaue Berechnung. Die Verzugs- und Eigenspannungsentwicklung beim Schweißen wurde untersucht, um mit Experimenten validiert Modellerweiterungen ableiten und folgerichtig erweitern zu können. Diese wurden in praxisrelevanten Fallbeispielen auf ihre anwendungsorientierte Tauglichkeit erfolgreich untersucht

A First Step Towards Synthesising Rubrics and Video for the Formative Assessment of Complex Skills

Abstract. The performance objectives used for the formative assessment of com- plex skills are generally set through text-based analytic rubrics[1]. Moreover, video modeling examples are a widely applied method of observational learning, providing students with context-rich modeling examples of complex skills that act as an analogy for problem solving [1]. The purpose of this theoretical paper is to synthesize the components of video modeling and rubrics to support the formative assessment of complex skills. Based on theory, we argue that application of the developed Video Enhanced Rubrics (VER) fosters learners’ development of mental models, quality of provided feedback by various actors and finally, the learners mastery of complex skills.We would like to gratefully acknowledge the contribution of the Viewbrics project, that is funded by the practice-oriented research pro- gramme of the Netherlands Initiative for Education Research (NRO), part of The Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO)

Feedback is a gift: Do Video-enhanced rubrics result in providing better peer feedback than textual rubrics?

High-quality elaborative peer feedback is a blessing for both learners and teachers. However, learners can experience difficulties in giving high-quality feedback on complex skills using textual analytic rubrics. High-quality elaborative feedback can be strengthened by adding video-modeling examples with embedded self-explanation prompts, turning textual analytic rubrics (TR) into so-called \u27video-enhanced analytic rubrics\u27 (VER). This study contrasts two experimental conditions (TR, n = 54; VERs, n = 49) with their version of the anonymized online tool (used to collect the given feedback in \u27Tips for improvement and Tops identifying strengths\u27). Peer feedback quality (concreteness and consistency) was evaluated using Natural Language Processing. As expected, the video-enhanced rubrics condition resulted in a higher quantity of words used and a lower amount of naive wording compared to the textual rubric condition. Contrary to our assumptions, it did not lower the amount of non-constructive wording nor improved the amount of behavioral and process-related feedback. Possibly, the transition from providing more feedback to delivering more accurate behavioral and process-related feedback has not yet been made in the time set for the study

Fostering the mastery of complex skills through a formative assessment methodology with Video enhanced Rubrics

Poster session presented at the 2018 Annual Meeting of the Centre for Education and Learning, Delft, The Netherland

Assessing ocean acidification and carbon cycle perturbations during the end-Permian extinction using boron isotopes

The Permian-Triassic mass extinction represents the most severe environmental crisis in Earth’s history, which dictated the course for evolution of life until today. Volcanism from Siberian traps played a significant role involving a substantial input of relatively light carbon into the atmosphere leading to a combination of global warming by ~6°C, sporadic anoxia or euxinia, and ocean acidification. However, its detailed manifestation and environmental impact is yet to be fully understood. This lack of knowledge also extends to a better quantification of emitted and sequestered carbon budgets (cf. Gutjahr et al., 2017)

Social context mediates the expression of a personality trait in a gregarious lizard

The social environment is a key factor that influences behavioural traits across a wide array of species. Yet, when investigating individual differences in behaviour, studies tend to measure animals in isolation from other conspecifics-even in social species. Surprisingly, whether behavioural traits measured in isolation are predictive of individual-level behaviour when in social groups is still poorly understood. Here, we repeatedly measured risk-taking behaviour (i.e. boldness; 741 total trials) in both the presence and absence of conspecifics in a social lizard, the delicate skink (Lampropholis delicata). Further, we manipulated food availability during group trials to test whether the effect of the social environment on risk-taking behaviour was mediated by competition over resources. Using 105 lizards collected from three independent populations, we found that individual risk-taking behaviour was repeatable when measured in either social isolation or within groups both with and without food resources available. However, lizards that were bolder during individual trials were not also bolder when in groups, regardless of resource availability. This was largely driven by individual differences in social behavioural plasticity, whereby individual skinks responded differently to the presence of conspecifics. Together, this resulted in a rank order change of individual behavioural types across the social conditions. Our results highlight the importance of the social environment in mediating animal personality traits across varying levels of resource availability. Further, these findings suggest that behavioural traits when measured in isolation, may not reflect individual variation in behaviour when measured in more ecologically realistic social groups