Caracterização da autoincompatibilidade em populações segregantes de macieira via marcadores de DNA para alelos S.

Abstract - The objective of this study was to characterize the parents and respective populations of apple trees regarding S-alleles to confirm their genealogy and to evaluate the efficiency of the molecular markers used. Sixteen specific sets of primers were used for identification of apple S-alleles by PCR. Two segregating populations of the Epagri Apple Breeding Program resulting from crosses between ?Fred Hough? × ?Monalisa? and ?M-11/00? × ?M-13/91? were evaluated. The expected segregations are 1:1:1:1 for full compatibility and 1:1 for semi-compatibility, which can be confirmed by the X2 test. The ?Fred Hough? (S5 S19) × ?Monalisa? (S2 S10) cross proved to be fully compatible; and two triploids were identified among the hybrids as well. The ?M-11/00? (S3 S19) × ?M-13/91? (S3 S5 ) cross was characterized as semi-compatible based on DNA markers, and the segregation of the S-alleles in the hybrids was 1:1, as expected. The segregation of the DNA markers occurred together with their respective S-alleles: S2, S3 , S5 , S10, and S19. Thus, characterization of the S-alleles not only allowed identification of compatibility between parents but also identified contaminations in segregating populations. Index terms: Malus × domestica Borkh., S genotype, S-RNase, allele-specific PCR, segregation. Caracterização da autoincompatibilidade em populações segregantes de macieira via marcadores de DNA para alelos S Resumo - O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar genitores e respectivas populações de macieiras quanto aos alelos S para confirmar sua genealogia e para avaliar a eficiência dos marcadores moleculares utilizados. Conjuntos específicos de iniciadores foram utilizados para a identificação dos alelos S via PCR. Foram avaliadas duas populações segregantes do Programa de Melhoramento Genético de Macieira da Epagri resultantes dos cruzamentos entre ?Fred Hough? × ?Monalisa? e ?M-11/00? × ?M-13/91?. As segregações esperadas são 1:1:1:1 para compatibilidade total e 1:1 para semi compatibilidade, que podem ser confirmadas pelo teste X2 . O cruzamento ?Fred Hough? (S5 S19) × ?Monalisa? (S2 S10) foi identificado como totalmente compatível, e foram identificados dois triploides entre os híbridos. O cruzamento entre ?M-11/00? (S3 S19) × ?M-13/91? (S3 S5 ) mostrou-se semicompatível baseado nos marcadores moleculares, e a segregação dos alelos S nos híbridos foi de 1:1, como esperado. A segregação dos marcadores de DNA para S2 , S3, S5, S10 e S19 ocorreujuntamente com seus respectivos alelos S. Dessa forma, a caracterização dos alelos S, além de permitir identificar a compatibilidade entre os genitores, serviu para identificar contaminações em populações segregantes. Termos para indexação: Malus × domestica Borkh., genótipo S, S-RNase, PCR alelo-específico, segregação. 1 Industrial biotechnologist, M.Sc. Doctora

Fine-mapping of 5q12.1-13.3 unveils new genetic contributors to caries

Caries is a multifactorial disease and little is still known about the host genetic factors influencing susceptibility. Our previous genome-wide linkage scan has identified the interval 5q12.1–5q13.3 as linked to low caries susceptibility in Filipino families. Here we fine-mapped this region in order to identify genetic contributors to caries susceptibility. Four hundred and seventy-seven subjects from 72 pedigrees with similar cultural and behavioral habits and limited access to dental care living in the Philippines were studied. DMFT scores and genotype data of 75 single-nucleotide polymorphisms were evaluated in the Filipino families with the Family-Based Association Test. For replication purposes, a total 1,467 independent subjects from five different populations were analyzed in a case-control format. In the Filipino cohort, statistically significant and borderline associations were found between low caries experience and four genes spanning 13 million base pairs (PART1, ZSWIM6, CCNB1, and BTF3). We were able to replicate these results in some of the populations studied. We detected PART1 and BTF3 expression in whole saliva, and the expression of BTF3 was associated with caries experience. Our results suggest BTF3 may have a functional role in protecting against caries.Fil: Shimizu, T.. Nihon University of Dentistry; JapónFil: Deeley, K.. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Briseño Ruiz, J.. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Faraco Junior, I. M.. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Poletta, Fernando Adrián. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. CEMIC-CONICET. Centro de Educaciones Médicas e Investigaciones Clínicas "Norberto Quirno". CEMIC-CONICET.; ArgentinaFil: Brancher, J. A.. Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná; BrasilFil: Pecharki, G. D.. Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná; BrasilFil: Küchler, E. C.. Universidade Federal Fluminense; BrasilFil: Tannure, P. N.. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; BrasilFil: Lips, A.. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; BrasilFil: Vieira, T. C. S.. Universidade Federal Fluminense; BrasilFil: Patir, A.. Istanbul Medipol Universit; TurquíaFil: Yildirim, M.. Istanbul University; TurquíaFil: Mereb, J. C.. Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas “Norberto Quirno”; ArgentinaFil: Resick, J. M.. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Brandon, C. A.. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Cooper, M. E.. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Seymen, F.. Istanbul University; TurquíaFil: Costa, M. C.. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; BrasilFil: Granjeiro, J. M.. Universidade Federal Fluminense; BrasilFil: Trevilatto, P. C.. Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná; BrasilFil: Orioli, I. M.. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Brasil. Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas “Norberto Quirno”; ArgentinaFil: Castilla, Eduardo Enrique. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz; Brasil. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. CEMIC-CONICET. Centro de Educaciones Médicas e Investigaciones Clínicas "Norberto Quirno". CEMIC-CONICET.; ArgentinaFil: Marazita, M. L.. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Vieira, A. R.. University of Pittsburgh; Estados Unido

Transferência de tecnologia em práticas promotoras de rendimento de grãos de milho em instituições de ensino agrotécnico do Rio Grande do Sul e Santa catarina, safra 2004/2005.

bitstream/CNPT-2010/40665/1/p-do47.pd

Kelvin-Helmholtz instability in the presence of variable viscosity for mudflow resuspension in estuaries

The temporal stability of a parallel shear flow of miscible fluid layers of dif- ferent density and viscosity is investigated through a linear stability analysis and direct numerical simulations. The geometry and rheology of this Newto- nian fluid mixing can be viewed as a simplified model of the behavior of mud- flow at the bottom of estuaries for suspension studies. In this study, focus is on the stability and transition to turbulence of an initially laminar configuration. A parametric analysis is performed by varying the values of three control pa- rameters, namely the viscosity ratio, the Richardson and Reynolds numbers, in the case of initially identical thickness of the velocity, density and viscosity profiles. The range of parameters has been chosen so as to mimic a wide variety of real configurations. This study shows that the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability is controlled by the local Reynolds and Richardson numbers of the inflection point. In addition, at moderate Reynolds number, viscosity strat- ification has a strong influence on the onset of instability, the latter being enhanced at high viscosity ratio, while at high Reynolds number, the influ- ence is less pronounced. In all cases, we show that the thickness of the mixing layer (and thus resuspension) is increased by high viscosity stratification, in particular during the non-linear development of the instability and especially pairing processes. This study suggests that mud viscosity has to be taken into account for resuspension parameterizations because of its impact on the inflec- tion point Reynolds number and the viscosity ratio, which are key parameters for shear instabilities

Modelling of coupled phenomena in electromagnetic levitation

International audienceThe process of levitation melting of metals has some important advantages like cleanliness and superheating. In order to optimize this fusion process we present here a model of the coupled aspects of the magnetic field and of the equilibrium geometry of the liquid metal. In a rather simple configuration of a levitated charge in a conic wire we determine the equilibrium form of the charge by minimizing the energy of the system with an iterative variational method. In each step the crucial point is the calculation of magnetic values which is facilitated by simple discretization of the free surface. The resolution of the linear system with no discretization of all space reduces computer memory requirement

Stabilisation d'un écoulement plan par stratification de la viscosité

On examine la possibilité de retarder la transition vers la turbulence à partir d'une stratification en viscosité. A titre de problème prototype, une analyse linéaire de stabilité de l'écoulement de Poiseuille plan d'un fluide rhéofluidifiant décrit par le modèle de Carreau est effectuée. Les résultats issus des approches modale et non modale montrent d'une part qu'il est fondamental de prendre en compte la perturbation de la viscosité et d'autre part que la stratification en viscosité peut être considérée comme un moyen viable pour retarder la transition