63 research outputs found
Determination of Different Biological Factors on the Base of Dried Blood Spot Technology
It is well-known that distinct biological indices (analytes) have distinct
variability. We try to use some mathematical algorithms to pick out a set of
blood parameters which give an opportunity to retrieve the initial volume of
the blood spotted, and use it to calculate exact concentrations of analyts
interesting to a physician. For our analysis we used the database of
biochemical blood parameters obtained in Russian Scientific Center of
Roentgen-Radiology during 1995-2000, which includes more than 30000 of
patients.Comment: 5 page
ΠΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΎΡΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ
ΠΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ½Π°Π½Ρ ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ²Π½ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π΄Π²ΠΎΡΡΡΠ±Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ° ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΠ±Π½ΠΈΡ
Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π½Π°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΠ°Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ. ΠΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΠΎ Π΄Π²ΠΎΡΡΡΠ±Π½Π° ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΎΠΏΠ°Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ Π·Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ Π²ΠΈΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ²Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π· ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΠ±Π½ΠΎΡ. ΠΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ Π±Π΅Π·ΡΠΎΠ·ΠΌΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π°Π³ΡΡΠ²Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠ»Π°Π΄ΡΠ², ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π΄Π°Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΡΡΡΡ Π²ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΡΡ Π½Π°ΠΉΠ±ΡΠ»ΡΡ Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΠΏΡΠ².The calculations of comparative effectiveness between two-pipe and one-pipe vertical pump water heating systems were done. It is proved that two-pipe heating system has less reduced costs compared to one-pipe. The resulting dimensionless parameter allows to appreciate heaters, and make selection for the most effective type.ΠΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π΄Π²ΡΡ
ΡΡΡΠ±Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΠ±Π½ΡΡ
Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π½Π°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π΄Π²ΡΡ
ΡΡΡΠ±Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΎΡΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΠ±Π½ΠΎΠΉ. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π±Π΅Π·ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π°Π³ΡΠ΅Π²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±ΠΎΡΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ° Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ²
Π£ΡΠΎΡΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½Π°Π±ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ
ΠΠ°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΠΎ Ρ Π·Π²βΡΠ·ΠΊΡ Π· ΠΏΡΠ΄Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΈ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΡΡ ΠΆΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
Π±ΡΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅Π»Ρ Π΄ΠΎ 20 ΒΊΠ‘ Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΡΠ΄Π½ΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π³ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΡΠ² ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΆ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠΏΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠ². ΠΠ° Π²ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½Ρ Π·Π°Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π·ΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΆ Π²ΡΠ΄ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΈ Π·ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ Ρ Π²Π½ t =20 ΒΊC Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π³ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΡΠ² 150/70; 130/70; 115/70; 105/70; 95/70 ΒΊC Π΄Π»Ρ Π²ΡΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΡΠ² Π£ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈ ΡΠ° Π΄Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΌΡΡΡ ΠΠ ΠΡΠΈΠΌ. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΠΎ Π·ΠΌΡΠ½Π° ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΈ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ 20 ΒΊC ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ Π·Π±ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π²ΠΈΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΄ 4,7 % Π΄ΠΎ 8,3 % ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ²Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π· Π½Π°ΡΠ²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π³ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ.It is emphasized that due to increasing of the regulatory temperature of indoor air of residential buildings up to 20 ΒΊ C is necessary to clarify the temperature graphs of heating networks in district heating. By the known formulas relevance of water temperature changes in the water supply and rotary lines of heating system from the outside air temperature at t = 20 ΒΊ C are obtained for the calculating of temperature graphs 150/70, 130/70, 115/70, 105/70, 95/70 ΒΊ C for all regional Ukraineβs centers and some cities in Crimea. It is stated that the change of internal air temperature to 20 ΒΊ C leads to increasing of water costs from 4,7% to 8,3% compared with the existing schedule.ΠΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π² ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄ΡΡ
Π° ΠΆΠΈΠ»ΡΡ
Π·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π΄ΠΎ 20 Β°Π‘ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½Π°Π±ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ. ΠΠΎ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ»Π°ΠΌ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΎΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄ΡΡ
Π° ΠΏΡΠΈ Ρ Π²Π½ t =20 ΒΊC Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² 150/70; 130/70; 115/70; 105/70; 95/70 ΒΊC Π΄Π»Ρ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΎΠ² Π£ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΠ ΠΡΡΠΌ.
Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄ΡΡ
Π° Π΄ΠΎ 20 ΒΊC ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΡ 4,7 % Π΄ΠΎ 8,3 % ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ
ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΠ°Π΄Π½Π°Ρ ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΡ Π΄ΡΠΌΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ΅ΠΉΠ½ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΠ°Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠ² Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ, ΡΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡΡΡΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ·Π°ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
Π³Π°Π·ΡΠ² Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠΉΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ, ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΊΡΠΏΠ»ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Π² Β«ΡΡΡ
ΠΎΠΌΡΒ» ΡΠ° Β«ΠΌΠΎΠΊΡΠΎΠΌΡΒ» ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ
. ΠΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΌΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
Π³Π°Π·ΡΠ² Π² ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Ρ
, ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ³Π°ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΊ Π²ΡΠ΄Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠΈ. ΠΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Ρ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡΠ² Π±Π°ΠΉΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
Π΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
Π³Π°Π·ΡΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π° ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ·Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ°Ρ
.These methods and calculation results of energy efficiency of heater installations used for heat utilization of flue gas water boilers, with their use in "dry" and "wet" conditions. The minimum temperature in the cooling flue gas heaters when achieved maximum flow allotted heat. The optimal coefficients of baypasuvannya of hot flue gases are established behind heater units at different initial temperatures.ΠΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΡΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΡ Π΄ΡΠΌΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠ² Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ΅ΠΉΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
, ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ»ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² Β«ΡΡΡ
ΠΎΠΌΒ» ΠΈ Β«ΠΌΠΎΠΊΡΠΎΠΌΒ» ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ
. ΠΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡ
Π»Π°ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄ΡΠΌΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Ρ
, ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ³Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΡ. ΠΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π΄Π°ΠΉΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π³ΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡ
Π΄ΡΠΌΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ
Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ°Ρ
Determination of generations X, Y, Z user preferences in the Russian mobile application market
In the work, the authors reveal the user preferences of the mobile application market. The study is based on the StraussβHowe generational theory. The mobile application market appears to be dynamic and fast-growing in an environment of exponential growth in consumer demand and a highly competitive environment. In the article, the authors classify and identify categories and subcategories of mobile applications based on their functional and value purpose. This classification formed the basis for determining the dependence based on the analysis of contingency matrices between the preference of the application for its purpose and the age category of the user, which made it possible to identify the relationship between generations of users and their choice of certain types of applications. The text provides a justification for the choice of certain applications on a daily basis by generations X, Y, Z. The relevance of the study lies in the fact that the authors examine a market, the rapid growth of which is conditioned by the global socio-economic situation. The information obtained during the analysis of user preferences of the Russian mobile application market can be used by specialists in determining the target audience of a digital product and developing marketing strategies
ΠΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π²Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄ΡΡ Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ Π·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ
ΠΠ°Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ²Π½ΡΠ½Π½Ρ Π·Π° Π·Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π²ΠΈΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏβΡΡΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΉΠ±ΡΠ»ΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΡΠ² Π½Π° ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊ Π£ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ-Π²ΠΈΡΡΠΆΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ ΠΌΡΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π²Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ° ΠΌΡΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΈΡ
Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΄ΠΈΡΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΡΡ (ΡΠΏΠ»ΡΡ-ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ). ΠΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΎ Π³ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠΈ Π·Π°Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π·Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ
Π²ΠΈΡΡΠ°Ρ Π²ΡΠ΄ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ (Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ) ΡΠ° Ρ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ (Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΏΠ»ΡΡ-ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΄ΠΈΡΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΡΡ).It is shown the method of comparing the reduced costs of five most popular suppliers in the Ukraineβs market local air-supply systems (jet chambers) and local air conditioning systems (split-systems). We obtain the graphs of depending reduced costs from air performance (for jet chambers) and chill performance β for split-systems.ΠΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΏΡΡΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΊ Π£ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π²ΡΡΡΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π²Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄ΡΡ
Π° (ΡΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡ-ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ). ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π·Π°ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΎΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄ΡΡ
ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ (Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ) ΠΈ Ρ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ (Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡ-ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄ΡΡ
Π°)
ΠΡΡΠ½ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Π·Π°ΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠ² ΠΏΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ²Π΄Π½Ρ Π£ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈ
The method of determining available water resources and the volumes of their use are presented. The methodology uses indicators: water quantity and quality, variability, raising public awareness of water problems, access to water and vulnerability of ecosystems. On the basis of the Β«Atlas of Water RiskΒ» (interactive map), based on the described method, an assessment of the availability of fresh water in southern regions of Ukraine was made using the example of data for the year 2015.ΠΠ°Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΡ Π²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΡΠΏΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΡΠ² Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ³ΡΠ² ΡΡ
Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½Π½Ρ Π·Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ, ΡΡ ΠΌΡΠ½Π»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ° ΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΡ, ΠΏΡΠ΄Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π³ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°Π΄ΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠΈ, Π΄ΠΎΡΡΡΠΏΡ Π΄ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ. ΠΠ° Π±Π°Π·Ρ Β«ΠΡΠ»Π°ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΡΒ» (ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈ) Π·Π° ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Π·Π°Π±Π΅Π·ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ²Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠ² Π£ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈ ΠΏΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Ρ Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
2015 Ρ
Measurement of intracellular concentration of fluorescently-labeled targets in living cells
Estimations of intracellular concentrations of fluorescently-labeled molecules within living cells are very important for guidance of biological experiments and interpretation of their results. Here we propose a simple and universal approach for such estimations. The approach is based upon common knowledge that the dye fluorescence is directly proportional to its quantum yield and the number of its molecules and that a coefficient of proportionality is determined by spectral properties of the dye and optical equipment used to record fluorescent signals. If two fluorescent dyes are present in the same volume, then a ratio of their concentrations is equal to a ratio of their fluorescence multiplied by some dye- and equipment-dependent coefficient. Thus, if the coefficient and concentration of one dye is known then the concentration of another dye can be determined. Here we have demonstrated how to calculate this coefficient (called a ratio factor) and how to use it for concentration measurements of fluorescently tagged molecules. As an example of how this approach can be used, we estimated a concentration of exogenously expressed neuronal Ca2+ sensor protein, hippocalcin, tagged by a fluorescent protein in a dendritic tree of rat hippocampal neurons loaded via a patch pipette with Alexa Fluor dye of known concentration. The new approach should allow performing a fast, inexpensive and reliable quantitative analysis of fluorescently-labeled targets in different parts of living cells
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