5,536 research outputs found
Optimization of quantum cascade laser operation by geometric design of cascade active band in open and closed models
Using the effective mass and rectangular potential approximations, the theory
of electron dynamic conductivity is developed for the plane multilayer
resonance tunnel structure placed into a constant electric field within the
model of open nanosystem, and oscillator forces of quantum transitions within
the model of closed nanosystem. For the experimentally produced quantum cascade
laser with four-barrier active band of separate cascade, it is proven that just
the theory of dynamic conductivity in the model of open cascade most adequately
describes the radiation of high frequency electromagnetic field while the
electrons transport through the resonance tunnel structure driven by a constant
electric field.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figure
Nematicidal activity of aqueous tinctures of medicinal plants against larvae of the nematodes Strongyloides papillosus and Haemonchus contortus
The study focuses on in vitro effect of aqueous tinctures of 48 species of herbaceous, shrub and tree plants on the first-third stage larvae of Strongyloides papillosus (Wedl, 1856) and third-stage larvae of Haemonchus contortus (Rudolphi, 1803) Cobb, 1898. The highest level of the effect was exerted by 3% aqueous tinctures of Wisteria sinensis (Sims) DC., Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle, Laburnum anagyroides Medik., Quercus petraea subsp. iberica (Steven ex M. Bieb.) Krassiln., Ginkgo biloba L., Colchicum autumnale L., Aristolochia manshuriensis Kom., Celastrus scandens L., Securigera varia (L.) Lassen, Magnolia kobus DC. Over 90% of the first and second non-invasive stage larvae of S. papillosus died at contact with these tinctures. The lowest parameters of LD50 were seen for L. anagyroides, Juniperus sabina L., C. scandens, M. kobus, A. manshuriensis, Wisteria sinensis (Sims) DC. and Securigera varia (L.) Lassen. Invasive larvae of S. papillosus and H. contortus were resistant to the effect of all the 48 surveyed species of plants. Third-stage larvae of H. contortus remained vital when exposed for 24 h to all the studied concentrations up to 3% aqueous tincture of plants. The results of the experiments and also the analysis of the literature indicate the necessity to continue the survey on nematocidial activity of aqueous tinctures and alcveshol extracts of plants
Π‘ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π· ΡΠ° Π΄Π΅ΡΠΊΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ 5-ΡΠ·ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠ»Ρ Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ²
The effect of the structure of 5-(benzylthio)isoxazoles on selectivity of the synthesis of 5-(chlorosulfonyl)isoxazoles has been determined. The chemical behavior in relation to amines has been described.Aim. To develop the methods for the synthesis of 5-(chlorosulfonyl)- isoxazoles and 4-chloro-5-(chlorosulfonyl)isoxazoles as promising reagents for construction of prospective bioactive compounds.Results and discussion. The number of 5-(benzylthio)isoxazoles was obtained by cyclocondensation of N-hydroxyimidoyl chlorides or 2-chloro-2-(hydroxyimino) acetates with benzylethynylsulfide. Their oxidative chlorination with gaseous chlorine led to formation of the mixture of isoxazole-5-sulfonyl chlorides and 4-chloroisoxazole-5-sulfonyl chlorides. The ratio between these products in the mixture depended on the nature of the substitution group in position 3 of the isoxazole ring. For the synthesis of 4-chloro-5-(chlorosulfonyl)isoxazoles with acceptable yields the approach of an advance chlorination of 5-benzylthioisoxazoles by N-chlorosuccinimide with further oxidative chlorination was used.Experimental part. The synthesis of the starting and target compounds was performed in classic preparative conditions; flesh-chromatography; elemental analysis; LCMS; 1H and 13C NMR-spectroscopy were used.Conclusions. The reaction of oxidative chlorination of 5-(benzylthio)-3-isoxazoles has been studied. The synthetic approach for the previously unknown representatives of isoxazole-5-sulfonylchlorides has been developed.ΠΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ 5-Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ»ΡΠΈΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ 5-ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ»Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊ Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌ.Π¦Π΅Π»ΡΒ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ β ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·Π° 5-ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»- ΠΈ 4-Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡ-5-ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ»Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π°Π³Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ².Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π¦ΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ N-Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠΈΠ»Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ 2-Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΎ-2-(Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎ)Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ· Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ»ΡΠΈΠΎΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΄ 5-Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ»ΡΠΈΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ². ΠΡ
ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈ 5-ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ»Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ 4-Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡ-5-ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ»Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ², ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΌΠΈ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΡ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ° Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ 3 ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°. ΠΠ»Ρ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·Π° 4-Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡ-5-ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ»Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Ρ ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π²ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π²Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΄ΡΠ° 5-Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ»ΡΠΈΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ² N-Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Ρ Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ.ΠΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ. Π‘ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π· ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π²ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
; ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΡΠ»Π΅Ρ-Ρ
ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°, Ρ
ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΡ-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ, Π―ΠΠ 1Π ΠΈ 13Π‘-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ. ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ 5-Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ»ΡΠΈΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊ ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π΅ Π½Π΅ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌ 5-ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ»Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ².ΠΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ² ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΈ 5-Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ»ΡΡΠΎΡΠ·ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ² Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ 5-ΡΠ·ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠ»Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ² ΡΠ° Π·βΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° Ρ
ΡΠΌΡΡΠ½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄ΡΠ½ΠΊΠ° ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π΄ΠΎ Π°ΠΌΡΠ½ΡΠ².ΠΠ΅ΡΠ° ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠΈ β ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ² ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·Ρ 5-ΡΠ·ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ»- ΡΠ° 4-Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΎ-5-ΡΠ·ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠ»Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ² ΡΠΊ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π°Π³Π΅Π½ΡΡΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΉΠ½ΠΎ Π±ΡΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈ ΡΠ° ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ. Π¦ΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ N-Π³ΡΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠΌΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠ»Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ² Π°Π±ΠΎ 2-Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΎ-2-(Π³ΡΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎ)Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ² ΡΠ· Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΡ 5-Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ»ΡΡΠΎΡΠ·ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ². ΠΡ
ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ²Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π΅ Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΡΡΠΌΡΡΡ 5-ΡΠ·ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠ»Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ² ΡΠ° 4-Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΎ-5-ΡΠ·ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠ»Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ², ΡΠΏΡΠ²Π²ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΌΡΠΆ ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π·Π°Π»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΄ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΡ Π·Π°ΠΌΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΡΠ² Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ 3 ΡΠ·ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»Ρ. ΠΠ»Ρ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·Ρ 4-Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΎ-5-ΡΠ·ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠ»Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ² ΡΠ· Π·Π°Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π²ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎ Π²Π°ΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠ΄ΡΠ° 5-Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ»ΡΡΠΎΡΠ·ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ² N-Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΌΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ· ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ²Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌ Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ.ΠΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π° ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ½Π°. Π‘ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π· Π²ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ° ΡΡΠ»ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊ Ρ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΌΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ
; ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅Ρ-Ρ
ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ, Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ·Ρ, Ρ
ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΡ, Π―ΠΠ 1Π ΡΠ° 13Π‘-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΡΡ.ΠΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ. ΠΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ²Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ 5-Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ»ΡΡΠΎΡΠ·ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ² ΡΠ° ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ΄Ρ
ΡΠ΄ Π΄ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ΅ Π½Π΅Π²ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΠΊΡΠ² 5-ΡΠ·ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠ»Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ²
A major cellular substrate for protein kinases, annexin II, is a DNA-binding protein
AbstractWe have screened a human cDNA expression library in Ξ»gt11 for clones encoding Alu-binding proteins using direct binding of labeled Alu DNA to recombinant phage lysates fixed on a membrane, and isolated a clone 98% identical in sequence to the well-known substrate of protein kinases, annexin II, which was suggested earlier to play a role in transduction of mitogenic signals and DNA replication. A diagnostic property of annexins is their binding to phospholipids in the presence of calcium ions, and we have found that the interaction of proteins of human nuclear extracts with Alu subsequences is suppressed by Ca/phosphatidylserine liposomes, suggesting overlapping of Ca/phospholipid- and DNA-binding domains in annexin II
Singular reduction modules of differential equations
The notion of singular reduction modules, i.e., of singular modules of
nonclassical (conditional) symmetry, of differential equations is introduced.
It is shown that the derivation of nonclassical symmetries for differential
equations can be improved by an in-depth prior study of the associated singular
modules of vector fields. The form of differential functions and differential
equations possessing parameterized families of singular modules is described up
to point transformations. Singular cases of finding reduction modules are
related to lowering the order of the corresponding reduced equations. As
examples, singular reduction modules of evolution equations and second-order
quasi-linear equations are studied. Reductions of differential equations to
algebraic equations and to first-order ordinary differential equations are
considered in detail within the framework proposed and are related to previous
no-go results on nonclassical symmetries.Comment: 38 pages, advanced version. Extension of results of arXiv:0808.3577
to the case of a greater number of independent variable
Group analysis and exact solutions of a class of variable coefficient nonlinear telegraph equations
A complete group classification of a class of variable coefficient
(1+1)-dimensional telegraph equations , is
given, by using a compatibility method and additional equivalence
transformations. A number of new interesting nonlinear invariant models which
have non-trivial invariance algebras are obtained. Furthermore, the possible
additional equivalence transformations between equations from the class under
consideration are investigated. Exact solutions of special forms of these
equations are also constructed via classical Lie method and generalized
conditional transformations. Local conservation laws with characteristics of
order 0 of the class under consideration are classified with respect to the
group of equivalence transformations.Comment: 23 page
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