The Cost of Producing Eggs

A computerized flock record keeping system has been developed at South Dakota State University. A report is computed monthly from data received from about 60 flockowners. The report is published so that cooperators and others may improve their own efficiency by comparing and evaluating their production costs and flock performance with other flocks on the report

A Five-Year Summary of Egg Production, Feed Costs and Conversion

The last 5 years of accumulative monthly reports from the South Dakota State University Flock Record program are summarized in this study. The average number of flocks per year was 55, 62, 55, 49, and 30, respectively, for 1971 through 1975. This amounted to an average of 50 flocks per year, averaging 8,500 birds

Flock Record Summary

A computerized flock record keeping system has been developed at South Dakota State University. A report is computed and published monthly from data received from approximately 60 flockowners. The records of those flocks completing their laying cycle during the calendar years of 1968, 1969, 1970, 1971 and through June of 1972 are summarized in table 1

Summary of Costs and Income of 16 Flocks on the SDSU Record Program

Sixteen flockowners cooperating in the South Dakota State University Computerized Flock Record Keeping Program submitted operating costs, fixed costs and hired labor figures after their flocks were closed out. The flocks closed out between October, 1971, and April, 1972

Summary of Costs and Income of Layer Flocks on SDSU Record Program

Sixteen flockowners cooperating in the South Dakota State University Computerized Flock Record Keeping Program submitted operating costs, fixed costs and hired labor figures after their flocks were closed between March, 1972, and June, 1973

Egg Production Costs and Returns

Methods of producing and marketing eggs have changed rapidly. Egg producers must adopt practices that reduce production costs per dozen eggs - Even then, they generally cannot be successful unless they can sell their eggs through stable and well-organized market outlets

Community end-of-life care during the COVID-19 pandemic: findings of a UK primary care survey.

BACKGROUND: Thousands of people in the UK have required end-of-life care in the community during the COVID-19 pandemic. Primary healthcare teams (general practice and community nursing services) have provided the majority of this care, alongside specialist colleagues. There is a need to learn from this experience in order to inform future service delivery and planning. AIM: To understand the views of GPs and community nurses providing end-of-life care during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. DESIGN & SETTING: A web-based, UK-wide questionnaire survey circulated via professional general practice and community nursing networks, during September and October 2020. METHOD: Responses were analysed using descriptive statistics and an inductive thematic analysis. RESULTS: Valid responses were received from 559 individuals (387 community nurses, 156 GPs, and 16 unspecified roles), from all regions of the UK. The majority reported increased involvement in providing community end-of-life care. Contrasting and potentially conflicting roles emerged between GPs and community nurses. There was increased use of remote consultations, particularly by GPs. Community nurses took greater responsibility in most aspects of end-of-life care practice, particularly face-to-face care, but reported feeling isolated. For some GPs and community nurses, there has been considerable emotional distress. CONCLUSION: Primary healthcare services are playing a critical role in meeting increased need for end-of-life care in the community during the COVID-19 pandemic. They have adapted rapidly, but the significant emotional impact, especially for community nurses, needs addressing alongside rebuilding trusting and supportive team dynamics

Biogeochemical controls of surface ocean phosphate

Surface ocean phosphate is commonly below the standard analytical detection limits, leading to an incomplete picture of the global variation and biogeochemical role of phosphate. A global compilation of phosphate measured using high-sensitivity methods revealed several previously unrecognized low-phosphate areas and clear regional differences. Both observational climatologies and Earth system models (ESMs) systematically overestimated surface phosphate. Furthermore, ESMs misrepresented the relationships between phosphate, phytoplankton biomass, and primary productivity. Atmospheric iron input and nitrogen fixation are known important controls on surface phosphate, but model simulations showed that differences in the iron-to-macronutrient ratio in the vertical nutrient supply and surface lateral transport are additional drivers of phosphate concentrations. Our study demonstrates the importance of accurately quantifying nutrients for understanding the regulation of ocean ecosystems and biogeochemistry now and under future climate conditions