Automatic pneumatic cutter

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Genome-wide structural variant analysis identifies risk loci for non-Alzheimer’s dementias

We characterized the role of structural variants, a largely unexplored type of genetic variation, in two non-Alzheimer’s dementias, namely Lewy body dementia (LBD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD)/amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). To do this, we applied an advanced structural variant calling pipeline (GATK-SV) to short-read whole-genome sequence data from 5,213 European-ancestry cases and 4,132 controls. We discovered, replicated, and validated a deletion in TPCN1 as a novel risk locus for LBD and detected the known structural variants at the C9orf72 and MAPT loci as associated with FTD/ALS. We also identified rare pathogenic structural variants in both LBD and FTD/ALS. Finally, we assembled a catalog of structural variants that can be mined for new insights into the pathogenesis of these understudied forms of dementia

Patterns in the intercolonial slave trade across the Americas before the nineteenth century

Abstract: The slave trade within the Americas, after the initial disembarkation of African captives in the New World, has received scant attention from historians, especially before the abolition of the transatlantic traffic. This article examines such intra-American trafficking as an introduction to the digital project Final Passages: The Intra-American Slave Trade Database, which aims to document evidence of slave voyages throughout the New World. This article does not provide statistics on this internal slave trade, as ongoing research will deliver new data. Instead, we consolidate qualitative knowledge about these intercolonial slave routes. As the article focuses on the era prior to British and U.S. abolition of the transatlantic trade (1807-1808), we leave out the nineteenth-century domestic slave trades in the United States and Brazil to focus on survivors of the Atlantic crossing who endured subsequent forced movement within the Americas

Delineation of Natural and Anthropogenic Process Controlling Hydrogeochemistry of Layered Aquifer Sequence

Groundwater is the source for many activities in urban regions and the quality plays a significant role in determination of its usage. In coastal regions the situation becomes more complex due to the interplay of complex chemical processes like natural weathering, anthropogenic activities and sea water intrusion. Hence an attempt has been made in this study to delineate these processes and to identify the regions dominated by them. In this regard, 92 groundwater samples were collected and analysed for major cations and anions. Among the analysed parameters the ratios of the cations like Ca/Mg, (Ca + Mg)*/HCO3:(Na + K)*/HCO3 were used to identify the process of weathering. Moreover, the ternary plots of cations and selected anions were also used to identify the weathering and the anthropogenic processes. HCO3 − and SiO2 in groundwater were used to unravel the nature of weathering, supported by pH and pCO2 observations. HCO3 −-derived by the carbonate dissolution and silicate weathering were calculated from the total HCO3 − and it was found that HCO3 − derived from the carbonate rock dissolution is dominant in alluvium, tertiary and cretaceous formations due to the presence of kankar, calcareous sandstone and limestone. The (HCO3 + SiO2)/(Cl + NO3) ratios were used to demarcate the regions of weathering and anthropogenic activities and it was found that the central and north eastern part of the study area is dominated by the anthropogenic activities