The cost of applying current helicopter external noise reduction methods while maintaining realistic vehicle performance

Analytical methods were developed and/or adopted for calculating helicopter component noise, and these methods were incorporated into a unified total vehicle noise calculation model. Analytical methods were also developed for calculating the effects of noise reduction methodology on helicopter design, performance, and cost. These methods were used to calculate changes in noise, design, performance, and cost due to the incorporation of engine and main rotor noise reduction methods. All noise reduction techniques were evaluated in the context of an established mission performance criterion which included consideration of hovering ceiling, forward flight range/speed/payload, and rotor stall margin. The results indicate that small, but meaningful, reductions in helicopter noise can be obtained by treating the turbine engine exhaust duct. Furthermore, these reductions do not result in excessive life cycle cost penalties. Currently available main rotor noise reduction methodology, however, is shown to be inadequate and excessively costly

An analytical method for designing low noise helicopter transmissions

The development and experimental validation of a method for analytically modeling the noise mechanism in the helicopter geared power transmission systems is described. This method can be used within the design process to predict interior noise levels and to investigate the noise reducing potential of alternative transmission design details. Examples are discussed

ASPIRE Flight Mechanics Modeling and Post Flight Analysis

The Advanced Supersonic Parachute Inflation Research and Experiment (ASPIRE) is a series of sounding rocket flights aimed at understanding the dynamics of supersonic parachutes that are used for Mars robotic applications. SR01 was the first sounding rocket flight of ASPIRE that occurred off the coast of Wallops Island, VA on Oct. 4, 2017 and showed the successful deployment and inflation of a Mars Science Laboratory built-to- print parachute in flight conditions similar to the 2012 Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) mission. SR02 was the second sounding rocket flight that also occurred off the coast of Wallops Island on March 31, 2018 and showcased the successful deployment and inflation of a new strengthened parachute being considered for the Mars 2020 mission at fifty percent higher dynamic pressure than observed on MSL. Prior to both flights, a multi-body flight dynamics simulation was developed to predict the parachute dynamics and was used, in conjunction with other tools, to target Mars-relevant flight conditions. After each flight, the reconstructed trajectory was used to validate the pre-flight dynamics simulation and recommend changes to improve predictions for future flights planned for the ASPIRE pro- gram. This paper describes the flight mechanics simulation and the post flight reconciliation process used to validate the flight models

Can we use medical examiners' records for suicide surveillance and prevention research in Nova Scotia?

Introduction: Medical examiners' records can contribute to our understanding of the extent of suicide in a population, as well as associated sociodemographic and other factors

The efficacy of a lateral wedge insole for painful medial knee osteoarthritis after prescreening : a randomized clinical trial

OBJECTIVE: Lateral wedge shoe insoles decrease medial knee loading, but trials have shown no effect on pain in medial knee osteoarthritis (OA). However, insoles' loading effects are inconsistent, and they can increase patellofemoral loading. We hypothesized that insoles would reduce pain in preselected patients. METHODS: In persons with painful medial knee OA, we excluded those with patellofemoral OA and those with pain <4/10. We further excluded participants who, in a gait laboratory using lateral wedges, did not show at least a 2% reduction in knee adduction moment (KAM) compared with their shoes and a neutral insole. We then randomized subjects to lateral wedge vs. neutral insole for 8 week periods separated by an 8 week washout. Primary outcome was knee pain over the past week (0-10) and secondary outcomes nominated activity pain and KOOS pain. We carried out mixed model analyses adjusted for baseline pain. RESULTS: Of 83 participants, 21 (25%) were excluded because of insufficient reduction in KAM. Of 62 included, mean age was 64.2 years (SD 9.1); 37.1% were women. Lateral wedge insoles produced a greater reduction in knee pain than neutral insoles (difference 0.7 on 0-10 scale; 95%CI 0.1, 1.2; p = 0.02). Secondary outcomes showed mixed findings. CONCLUSIONS: In persons prescreened to eliminate those with patellofemoral OA and biomechanical non-responders, lateral wedge insoles reduced knee pain, but the effect of treatment was small and is likely of clinical significance in only a minority of patients. Targeting patients may identify those who respond to this treatment

Online activism and athlete advocacy in professional women's golf. Risk or reward?

While golf provides an avenue by which women can play professionally, more men have the opportunity to do so and when they do, they make more money than women. In terms of visibility, endorsements, prize money and media coverage, women golfers lag behind their male counterparts. Meghan MacLaren is a professional golfer on the Ladies European Tour and while competing, simultaneously documents her life as a professional athlete through her online blog, much of which intertwines her career trajectory alongside the inequality she faces. MacLaren's posts advocate increased pay and opportunity in professional women’s golf and have coincided with a progressive period in women’s professional golf, including golf's return to the Olympic Games, mixed gender events and increased prize money. Building on other collaborations, this chapter considers the potential for athlete activism to stimulate change in professional golf. A truncated analysis of MacLaren's online posts is initially presented, prompting questions around female athlete advocacy and activism, which were posed directly to her. Using a collaborative approach, MacLaren responds in her own writing, contributing as a co-author. The resultant discussion considers the risks and rewards and the social and economic implications for female protagonists who speak out in male-dominated arenas such as professional sport

The impact of COVID-19 on the cancer care of adolescents and young adults and their well-being:Results from an online survey conducted in the early stages of the pandemic

Background Because of the global spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), oncology departments across the world have rapidly adapted their cancer care protocols to balance the risk of delaying cancer treatments and the risk of COVID‐19 exposure. COVID‐19 and associated changes may have an impact on the psychosocial functioning of patients with cancer and survivors. This study was designed to determine the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on young people living with and beyond cancer. Methods In this cross‐sectional study, 177 individuals, aged 18 to 39 years, were surveyed about the impact of COVID‐19 on their cancer care and psychological well‐being. Participants also reported their information needs with respect to COVID‐19. Responses were summarized with a content analysis approach. Results This was the first study to examine the psychological functioning of young patients and survivors during the first weeks of the COVID‐19 pandemic. A third of the respondents reported increased levels of psychological distress, and as many as 60% reported feeling more anxious than they did before COVID‐19. More than half also wanted more information tailored to them as young patients with cancer. Conclusions The COVID‐19 pandemic is rapidly evolving and changing the landscape of cancer care. Young people living with cancer are a unique population and might be more vulnerable during this time in comparison with their healthy peers. There is a need to screen for psychological distress and attend to young people whose cancer care has been delayed. As the lockdown begins to ease, the guidelines about cancer care should be updated according to this population's needs.</p

The impact of COVID-19 on the cancer care of adolescents and young adults and their well-being:Results from an online survey conducted in the early stages of the pandemic

Background: Because of the global spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), oncology departments across the world have rapidly adapted their cancer care protocols to balance the risk of delaying cancer treatments and the risk of COVID-19 exposure. COVID-19 and associated changes may have an impact on the psychosocial functioning of patients with cancer and survivors. This study was designed to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on young people living with and beyond cancer. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 177 individuals, aged 18 to 39 years, were surveyed about the impact of COVID-19 on their cancer care and psychological well-being. Participants also reported their information needs with respect to COVID-19. Responses were summarized with a content analysis approach. Results: This was the first study to examine the psychological functioning of young patients and survivors during the first weeks of the COVID-19 pandemic. A third of the respondents reported increased levels of psychological distress, and as many as 60% reported feeling more anxious than they did before COVID-19. More than half also wanted more information tailored to them as young patients with cancer. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic is rapidly evolving and changing the landscape of cancer care. Young people living with cancer are a unique population and might be more vulnerable during this time in comparison with their healthy peers. There is a need to screen for psychological distress and attend to young people whose cancer care has been delayed. As the lockdown begins to ease, the guidelines about cancer care should be updated according to this population's needs.</p

Ultrafast Radial Transport In A Micron‐Scale Aluminum Plasma Excited At Relativistic Intensity

Using femtosecond microscopy, we observe a thermal/ionization front expand radially at ∼108cm/s from a λ2‐size spot of an aluminum target excited at >1018W/cm2. Numerical modeling shows transport is predominantly radiative and may be initially nonlocal. © 2004 American Institute of PhysicsPeer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/87543/2/609_1.pd