6 research outputs found

    Recurrent Urolithiasis Revealing Primary Hyperparathyroidism in a Nephrology Department

    No full text
    Background. Urinary lithiasis constitutes a recurrent pathology affecting a relatively young population. The risk of progression to chronic renal failure and the cost of treatment are the most important issues. Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is responsible for urolithiasis and nephrocalcinosis in 7% of patients, and it represents the 7th cause of urolithiasis in Tunisia. Unfortunately, it remains an underdiagnosed pathology although it is curable. We aim to determine the clinical, biological, therapeutic, and evolutionary particularities of urinary lithiasis associated with PHPT in a nephrology setting. Methods. This is a monocentric, retrospective, descriptive study which took place in our nephrology department during the period from January 2010 to January 2023. Ten patients were included. All of them underwent blood and urine tests and a morphoconstitutional study of the urinary stones if possible. Results. The median age at diagnosis of PHPT was 42 years (34–54). The median time from the onset of kidney stones to the diagnosis of PHPT was 6.2 years (1–17). The male/female gender ratio was 0.66. Five patients had hypertension, two patients had obesity, one patient had diabetes, and three patients had urinary tract infections. Kidney stones were bilateral in eight cases and unilateral in two cases. Nine patients underwent urological intervention: surgery in 5 cases associated with nephrectomy in one case, extracorporeal lithotripsy in 4 cases, and percutaneous nephrolithotomy in two cases. The diagnosis of PHPT was retained with high or uncontrolled PTH associated with hypercalcemia in 8 cases and normocalcemic PHPT was found in 2 patients. Two patients had parathyroid adenoma and one patient had mediastinal adenoma. Radiology exploration was normal for the others patients. Surgery was performed in 7 patients and histology revealed an adenoma in 5 cases and hyperplasia in one case. The predominant urinary risk factors in our study were hypercalciuria in 6 cases and insufficient diuresis in 4 cases. Conclusion. This study underlines the role of the nephrologist in the exploration of urinary lithiasis and the prevention of recurrences, especially as PHPT is a curable aetiology of urolithiasis and affects a relatively young population. The determination of the epidemiological profile of patients with stones associated with primary PHPT and lithogenic risk factors allows the primary and secondary prevention of stone formation

    Primary Hyperoxaluria Type 1: Clinical, Paraclinical, and Evolutionary Aspects in Adults from One Nephrology Center

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    Introduction. Primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1) is a rare and inherited condition of urolithiasis. The aim of our study was to analyze clinical, paraclinical, and evolutionary aspects of PH1 in adult patients in our Nephrology department. Methods. We conducted a retrospective single-center study between 1990 and 2021. We collected patients followed for PH1 confirmed by genetic study and/or histopathological features of renal biopsy and morphoconstitutional analysis of the calculi. Results. There were 25 patients with a gender ratio of 1.78. The median age at onset of symptoms was 18 years. A delay in diagnosis more than 10 years was noted in 13 cases. The genetic study found the I244T mutation in 17 cases and 33-34 InsC in 4 cases. A kidney biopsy was performed in 5 cases, on a native kidney in 4 cases and on a graft biopsy in one case. The analysis of calculi was done in 10 cases showing type Ic in 2 cases. After a median follow-up of 13 years (1 year–42 years), 14 patients progressed to end-stage chronic renal failure (ESRD). The univariate study demonstrated a remarkable association with progression to ESRD in our population (44% vs. 56%) RR = 13.32 (adjusted ORs (95% CI): 2.82–62.79) (p<0.01). Conclusion. Progression to ESRD was frequent in our series. Early diagnosis and adequate management can delay such an evolution

    Smurfness‐based two‐phase model of ageing helps deconvolve the ageing transcriptional signature

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    International audienceAgeing is characterised at the molecular level by six transcriptional ‘hallmarks of ageing’, that are commonly described as progressively affected as time passes. By contrast, the ‘Smurf’ assay separates high‐and‐constant‐mortality risk individuals from healthy, zero‐mortality risk individuals, based on increased intestinal permeability. Performing whole body total RNA sequencing, we found that Smurfness distinguishes transcriptional changes associated with chronological age from those associated with biological age. We show that transcriptional heterogeneity increases with chronological age in non‐Smurf individuals preceding the other five hallmarks of ageing that are specifically associated with the Smurf state. Using this approach, we also devise targeted pro‐longevity genetic interventions delaying entry in the Smurf state. We anticipate that increased attention to the evolutionary conserved Smurf phenotype will bring about significant advances in our understanding of the mechanisms of ageing

    CaractĂ©risation de l’état de contamination de l’axe Seine

    No full text
    This chapter presents a characterization of the state of contamination of the Seine River and its longitudinal variability from upstream to downstream, at the basin scale. Seven studies dealt with this topic during the 8th phase of the PIREN-Seine program by combining different approaches and disciplines: from environmental chemistry to ecotoxicology, from environmental microbiology to mineralogy.Several sampling campaigns have been organized in different hydrological and meteorological conditions. These campaigns were multi-team and multidisciplinary and allowed to carry out a large number of analyses to characterize the state of contamination of the Seine using complementary approaches.The sampling sites are located along the longitudinal axis of the Seine River and are representative of different levels of urbanization and anthropogenic pressure. The four historic sites of Marnay-sur-Seine, Bougival, Triel-sur-Seine and Poses were sampled, as well as other sites which were sampled for specific studies.River water samples were collected directly (grab sampling) at the different sites. Integrated measurements have also been carried out through the use of devices such as passive samplers, silicone sheets, particle and biofilm traps, but also with the caging of biomarker organisms. Contamination was assessed in both abiotic (water, sediment, suspended matter) and biotic (biofilms, zebra mussels, European chub) compartments.The seven studies presented in this chapter cover the following themes: use of zebra mussels for biomonitoring the quality of water bodies; measurement of polyfluoroalkyl (PFAS) and chloroalkane contents in two sentinel organisms (zebra mussels, European chub) and in their environment; monitoring the quality of organic matter along the Seine River using spectroscopic and molecular tools; analysis of concentrations of organic contaminants in the Seine River (antibiotics, pesticides, pharmaceutical products, phthalates, etc.); analysis of microplastic concentrations in the Seine River and in its flood deposits; development of a methodology for the analysis of nanoparticles in the Seine River and in the dreissenes; study of biofilms: structure of microbial communities and their mechanisms of resistance to trace metals, accumulation of metals, quality of organic matter, concentration of organic pollutants and of PFAS.A first interpretation of some of these numerous results was carried out through two principal component analyses.For some variables, the results show an upstream-downstream contamination gradient, highlighting the impact of anthropogenic pressure from the Paris region on water quality. For other variables, the results show instead a great variability between sites and campaigns, without specifying a clear upstream-downstream trend, which is sometimes due to the influence of local and complex processes.All the results provided by these studies constitute an important data set which will make it possible to deepen the characterization of the current state of contamination of the Seine River and to analyze the relationships between the different measures variables.Ce chapitre prĂ©sente une caractĂ©risation de l’état de contamination de la Seine et de sa variabilitĂ© longitudinale d’en amont en aval, Ă  l'Ă©chelle du bassin versant. Sept actions se sont consacrĂ©es Ă  cette thĂ©matique pendant la phase 8 du PIREN-Seine en combinant diffĂ©rentes approches et disciplines : de la chimie de l’environnement Ă  l’écotoxicologie, de la microbiologie environnementale Ă  la minĂ©ralogie.De nombreuses campagnes de prĂ©lĂšvements ont Ă©tĂ© organisĂ©es en conditions hydrologiques et mĂ©tĂ©orologiques contrastĂ©es. Ces campagnes Ă©taient de caractĂšre multi-Ă©quipe et pluridisciplinaire et ont permis de rĂ©aliser un grand nombre d’analyses pour caractĂ©riser l’état de contamination de la Seine selon des approches complĂ©mentaires.Les sites d’échantillonnage sont localisĂ©s le long de l’axe fluvial de la Seine et sont reprĂ©sentatifs de diffĂ©rents niveaux d’urbanisation et de pression anthropique sur le milieu. Il s’agit notamment des quatre sites historiques de Marnay-sur-Seine, Bougival, Triel-sur-Seine et Poses, auxquels d’autres sites ont Ă©tĂ© ajoutĂ©s pour des Ă©tudes spĂ©cifiques.Des Ă©chantillons d’eau de riviĂšre ont Ă©tĂ© prĂ©levĂ©s ponctuellement dans les diffĂ©rents sites. Des mesures intĂ©gratrices de la contamination ont Ă©galement Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©es Ă  travers l’utilisation de dispositifs tels que les POCIS, les feuilles de silicone, les piĂšges Ă  particules et Ă  biofilms, mais aussi avec l’encagement d’organismes biomarqueurs. La contamination a Ă©tĂ© Ă©valuĂ©e Ă  la fois dans les compartiments abiotiques (eau, sĂ©diments, matiĂšres en suspension) et biotiques (biofilms, dreissĂšnes, chevaines).Les sept Ă©tudes prĂ©sentĂ©es dans ce chapitre traitent les thĂ©matiques suivantes : utilisation de la dreissĂšne pour la biosurveillance de la qualitĂ© des masses d'eaux ; mesure des teneurs en polyfluoroalkylĂ©s (PFAS) et chloroalcanes chez deux organismes sentinelles (dreissĂšnes et chevaines) et dans leur milieu ; suivi de la qualitĂ© de la matiĂšre organique le long de l’axe Seine par des outils spectroscopiques et molĂ©culaires ; analyse des concentrations en contaminants organiques dans l’eau de la Seine (antibiotiques, pesticides, mĂ©dicaments, phtalates
) ; analyse des concentrations en microplastiques dans la Seine et dans les laisses de crue ; dĂ©veloppement d’une mĂ©thodologie pour l'analyse des nanoparticules dans la Seine et dans les dreissĂšnes ; Ă©tude des biofilms : structure des communautĂ©s microbiennes et leurs mĂ©canismes de rĂ©sistance aux mĂ©taux traces, accumulation en mĂ©taux, qualitĂ© de la matiĂšre organique, concentration en polluants organiques et en PFAS.Une premiĂšre interprĂ©tation d’une partie de ces nombreux rĂ©sultats a Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©e Ă  travers deux analyses en composantes principales.Pour certaines variables mesurĂ©es, les rĂ©sultats montrent un gradient de contamination amont-aval, en mettant en Ă©vidence l’impact de la pression anthropique de la rĂ©gion parisienne sur la qualitĂ© de l’eau. Pour d’autres variables, les rĂ©sultats montrent inversement une grande variabilitĂ© entre les sites et les campagnes, sans prĂ©ciser de tendance nette amont-aval, ce qui parfois est dĂ» Ă  l’influence de processus locaux et complexes.L’ensemble des rĂ©sultats fournis par ces Ă©tudes constitue un jeu de donnĂ©es important qui permettra d’approfondir la caractĂ©risation de l’état de contamination actuelle de l’axe Seine et d’analyser les relations entre les diffĂ©rentes variables mesurĂ©es

    CaractĂ©risation de l’état de contamination de l’axe Seine

    No full text
    This chapter presents a characterization of the state of contamination of the Seine River and its longitudinal variability from upstream to downstream, at the basin scale. Seven studies dealt with this topic during the 8th phase of the PIREN-Seine program by combining different approaches and disciplines: from environmental chemistry to ecotoxicology, from environmental microbiology to mineralogy.Several sampling campaigns have been organized in different hydrological and meteorological conditions. These campaigns were multi-team and multidisciplinary and allowed to carry out a large number of analyses to characterize the state of contamination of the Seine using complementary approaches.The sampling sites are located along the longitudinal axis of the Seine River and are representative of different levels of urbanization and anthropogenic pressure. The four historic sites of Marnay-sur-Seine, Bougival, Triel-sur-Seine and Poses were sampled, as well as other sites which were sampled for specific studies.River water samples were collected directly (grab sampling) at the different sites. Integrated measurements have also been carried out through the use of devices such as passive samplers, silicone sheets, particle and biofilm traps, but also with the caging of biomarker organisms. Contamination was assessed in both abiotic (water, sediment, suspended matter) and biotic (biofilms, zebra mussels, European chub) compartments.The seven studies presented in this chapter cover the following themes: use of zebra mussels for biomonitoring the quality of water bodies; measurement of polyfluoroalkyl (PFAS) and chloroalkane contents in two sentinel organisms (zebra mussels, European chub) and in their environment; monitoring the quality of organic matter along the Seine River using spectroscopic and molecular tools; analysis of concentrations of organic contaminants in the Seine River (antibiotics, pesticides, pharmaceutical products, phthalates, etc.); analysis of microplastic concentrations in the Seine River and in its flood deposits; development of a methodology for the analysis of nanoparticles in the Seine River and in the dreissenes; study of biofilms: structure of microbial communities and their mechanisms of resistance to trace metals, accumulation of metals, quality of organic matter, concentration of organic pollutants and of PFAS.A first interpretation of some of these numerous results was carried out through two principal component analyses.For some variables, the results show an upstream-downstream contamination gradient, highlighting the impact of anthropogenic pressure from the Paris region on water quality. For other variables, the results show instead a great variability between sites and campaigns, without specifying a clear upstream-downstream trend, which is sometimes due to the influence of local and complex processes.All the results provided by these studies constitute an important data set which will make it possible to deepen the characterization of the current state of contamination of the Seine River and to analyze the relationships between the different measures variables.Ce chapitre prĂ©sente une caractĂ©risation de l’état de contamination de la Seine et de sa variabilitĂ© longitudinale d’en amont en aval, Ă  l'Ă©chelle du bassin versant. Sept actions se sont consacrĂ©es Ă  cette thĂ©matique pendant la phase 8 du PIREN-Seine en combinant diffĂ©rentes approches et disciplines : de la chimie de l’environnement Ă  l’écotoxicologie, de la microbiologie environnementale Ă  la minĂ©ralogie.De nombreuses campagnes de prĂ©lĂšvements ont Ă©tĂ© organisĂ©es en conditions hydrologiques et mĂ©tĂ©orologiques contrastĂ©es. Ces campagnes Ă©taient de caractĂšre multi-Ă©quipe et pluridisciplinaire et ont permis de rĂ©aliser un grand nombre d’analyses pour caractĂ©riser l’état de contamination de la Seine selon des approches complĂ©mentaires.Les sites d’échantillonnage sont localisĂ©s le long de l’axe fluvial de la Seine et sont reprĂ©sentatifs de diffĂ©rents niveaux d’urbanisation et de pression anthropique sur le milieu. Il s’agit notamment des quatre sites historiques de Marnay-sur-Seine, Bougival, Triel-sur-Seine et Poses, auxquels d’autres sites ont Ă©tĂ© ajoutĂ©s pour des Ă©tudes spĂ©cifiques.Des Ă©chantillons d’eau de riviĂšre ont Ă©tĂ© prĂ©levĂ©s ponctuellement dans les diffĂ©rents sites. Des mesures intĂ©gratrices de la contamination ont Ă©galement Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©es Ă  travers l’utilisation de dispositifs tels que les POCIS, les feuilles de silicone, les piĂšges Ă  particules et Ă  biofilms, mais aussi avec l’encagement d’organismes biomarqueurs. La contamination a Ă©tĂ© Ă©valuĂ©e Ă  la fois dans les compartiments abiotiques (eau, sĂ©diments, matiĂšres en suspension) et biotiques (biofilms, dreissĂšnes, chevaines).Les sept Ă©tudes prĂ©sentĂ©es dans ce chapitre traitent les thĂ©matiques suivantes : utilisation de la dreissĂšne pour la biosurveillance de la qualitĂ© des masses d'eaux ; mesure des teneurs en polyfluoroalkylĂ©s (PFAS) et chloroalcanes chez deux organismes sentinelles (dreissĂšnes et chevaines) et dans leur milieu ; suivi de la qualitĂ© de la matiĂšre organique le long de l’axe Seine par des outils spectroscopiques et molĂ©culaires ; analyse des concentrations en contaminants organiques dans l’eau de la Seine (antibiotiques, pesticides, mĂ©dicaments, phtalates
) ; analyse des concentrations en microplastiques dans la Seine et dans les laisses de crue ; dĂ©veloppement d’une mĂ©thodologie pour l'analyse des nanoparticules dans la Seine et dans les dreissĂšnes ; Ă©tude des biofilms : structure des communautĂ©s microbiennes et leurs mĂ©canismes de rĂ©sistance aux mĂ©taux traces, accumulation en mĂ©taux, qualitĂ© de la matiĂšre organique, concentration en polluants organiques et en PFAS.Une premiĂšre interprĂ©tation d’une partie de ces nombreux rĂ©sultats a Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©e Ă  travers deux analyses en composantes principales.Pour certaines variables mesurĂ©es, les rĂ©sultats montrent un gradient de contamination amont-aval, en mettant en Ă©vidence l’impact de la pression anthropique de la rĂ©gion parisienne sur la qualitĂ© de l’eau. Pour d’autres variables, les rĂ©sultats montrent inversement une grande variabilitĂ© entre les sites et les campagnes, sans prĂ©ciser de tendance nette amont-aval, ce qui parfois est dĂ» Ă  l’influence de processus locaux et complexes.L’ensemble des rĂ©sultats fournis par ces Ă©tudes constitue un jeu de donnĂ©es important qui permettra d’approfondir la caractĂ©risation de l’état de contamination actuelle de l’axe Seine et d’analyser les relations entre les diffĂ©rentes variables mesurĂ©es

    CaractĂ©risation de l’état de contamination de l’axe Seine

    No full text
    This chapter presents a characterization of the state of contamination of the Seine River and its longitudinal variability from upstream to downstream, at the basin scale. Seven studies dealt with this topic during the 8th phase of the PIREN-Seine program by combining different approaches and disciplines: from environmental chemistry to ecotoxicology, from environmental microbiology to mineralogy.Several sampling campaigns have been organized in different hydrological and meteorological conditions. These campaigns were multi-team and multidisciplinary and allowed to carry out a large number of analyses to characterize the state of contamination of the Seine using complementary approaches.The sampling sites are located along the longitudinal axis of the Seine River and are representative of different levels of urbanization and anthropogenic pressure. The four historic sites of Marnay-sur-Seine, Bougival, Triel-sur-Seine and Poses were sampled, as well as other sites which were sampled for specific studies.River water samples were collected directly (grab sampling) at the different sites. Integrated measurements have also been carried out through the use of devices such as passive samplers, silicone sheets, particle and biofilm traps, but also with the caging of biomarker organisms. Contamination was assessed in both abiotic (water, sediment, suspended matter) and biotic (biofilms, zebra mussels, European chub) compartments.The seven studies presented in this chapter cover the following themes: use of zebra mussels for biomonitoring the quality of water bodies; measurement of polyfluoroalkyl (PFAS) and chloroalkane contents in two sentinel organisms (zebra mussels, European chub) and in their environment; monitoring the quality of organic matter along the Seine River using spectroscopic and molecular tools; analysis of concentrations of organic contaminants in the Seine River (antibiotics, pesticides, pharmaceutical products, phthalates, etc.); analysis of microplastic concentrations in the Seine River and in its flood deposits; development of a methodology for the analysis of nanoparticles in the Seine River and in the dreissenes; study of biofilms: structure of microbial communities and their mechanisms of resistance to trace metals, accumulation of metals, quality of organic matter, concentration of organic pollutants and of PFAS.A first interpretation of some of these numerous results was carried out through two principal component analyses.For some variables, the results show an upstream-downstream contamination gradient, highlighting the impact of anthropogenic pressure from the Paris region on water quality. For other variables, the results show instead a great variability between sites and campaigns, without specifying a clear upstream-downstream trend, which is sometimes due to the influence of local and complex processes.All the results provided by these studies constitute an important data set which will make it possible to deepen the characterization of the current state of contamination of the Seine River and to analyze the relationships between the different measures variables.Ce chapitre prĂ©sente une caractĂ©risation de l’état de contamination de la Seine et de sa variabilitĂ© longitudinale d’en amont en aval, Ă  l'Ă©chelle du bassin versant. Sept actions se sont consacrĂ©es Ă  cette thĂ©matique pendant la phase 8 du PIREN-Seine en combinant diffĂ©rentes approches et disciplines : de la chimie de l’environnement Ă  l’écotoxicologie, de la microbiologie environnementale Ă  la minĂ©ralogie.De nombreuses campagnes de prĂ©lĂšvements ont Ă©tĂ© organisĂ©es en conditions hydrologiques et mĂ©tĂ©orologiques contrastĂ©es. Ces campagnes Ă©taient de caractĂšre multi-Ă©quipe et pluridisciplinaire et ont permis de rĂ©aliser un grand nombre d’analyses pour caractĂ©riser l’état de contamination de la Seine selon des approches complĂ©mentaires.Les sites d’échantillonnage sont localisĂ©s le long de l’axe fluvial de la Seine et sont reprĂ©sentatifs de diffĂ©rents niveaux d’urbanisation et de pression anthropique sur le milieu. Il s’agit notamment des quatre sites historiques de Marnay-sur-Seine, Bougival, Triel-sur-Seine et Poses, auxquels d’autres sites ont Ă©tĂ© ajoutĂ©s pour des Ă©tudes spĂ©cifiques.Des Ă©chantillons d’eau de riviĂšre ont Ă©tĂ© prĂ©levĂ©s ponctuellement dans les diffĂ©rents sites. Des mesures intĂ©gratrices de la contamination ont Ă©galement Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©es Ă  travers l’utilisation de dispositifs tels que les POCIS, les feuilles de silicone, les piĂšges Ă  particules et Ă  biofilms, mais aussi avec l’encagement d’organismes biomarqueurs. La contamination a Ă©tĂ© Ă©valuĂ©e Ă  la fois dans les compartiments abiotiques (eau, sĂ©diments, matiĂšres en suspension) et biotiques (biofilms, dreissĂšnes, chevaines).Les sept Ă©tudes prĂ©sentĂ©es dans ce chapitre traitent les thĂ©matiques suivantes : utilisation de la dreissĂšne pour la biosurveillance de la qualitĂ© des masses d'eaux ; mesure des teneurs en polyfluoroalkylĂ©s (PFAS) et chloroalcanes chez deux organismes sentinelles (dreissĂšnes et chevaines) et dans leur milieu ; suivi de la qualitĂ© de la matiĂšre organique le long de l’axe Seine par des outils spectroscopiques et molĂ©culaires ; analyse des concentrations en contaminants organiques dans l’eau de la Seine (antibiotiques, pesticides, mĂ©dicaments, phtalates
) ; analyse des concentrations en microplastiques dans la Seine et dans les laisses de crue ; dĂ©veloppement d’une mĂ©thodologie pour l'analyse des nanoparticules dans la Seine et dans les dreissĂšnes ; Ă©tude des biofilms : structure des communautĂ©s microbiennes et leurs mĂ©canismes de rĂ©sistance aux mĂ©taux traces, accumulation en mĂ©taux, qualitĂ© de la matiĂšre organique, concentration en polluants organiques et en PFAS.Une premiĂšre interprĂ©tation d’une partie de ces nombreux rĂ©sultats a Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©e Ă  travers deux analyses en composantes principales.Pour certaines variables mesurĂ©es, les rĂ©sultats montrent un gradient de contamination amont-aval, en mettant en Ă©vidence l’impact de la pression anthropique de la rĂ©gion parisienne sur la qualitĂ© de l’eau. Pour d’autres variables, les rĂ©sultats montrent inversement une grande variabilitĂ© entre les sites et les campagnes, sans prĂ©ciser de tendance nette amont-aval, ce qui parfois est dĂ» Ă  l’influence de processus locaux et complexes.L’ensemble des rĂ©sultats fournis par ces Ă©tudes constitue un jeu de donnĂ©es important qui permettra d’approfondir la caractĂ©risation de l’état de contamination actuelle de l’axe Seine et d’analyser les relations entre les diffĂ©rentes variables mesurĂ©es
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