691 research outputs found
Mixing Renormalization for Scalar Fields
We consider the renormalization of theories with many scalar fields. We
discuss at the one-loop level some simple, non-gauge models with an arbitrary
number of scalars and fermions both in mass-shell and MS schemes. In MS scheme
we give a detailed qualitative analysis of the RG flow of dimensionless
couplings in flavor space.Comment: 32 pages, LaTeX2e, AmsLaTeX, minor typos correcte
Absorptive part of meson--baryon scattering amplitude and baryon polarization in chiral perturbation theory
We compute the spin asymmetry and polarization of the final-state baryon in
its rest frame in two-body meson--baryon low-energy scattering with unpolarized
initial state, to lowest non-trivial order in BChPT. The required absorptive
amplitudes are obtained analytically at one-loop level. We discuss the
polarization results numerically for several meson--baryon processes. Even at
low energies above threshold, where BChPT can reasonably be expected to be
applicable, sizable values of polarization are found for some processes
Addition theorems for spin spherical harmonics. II Results
Based on the results of part I, we obtain the general form of the addition
theorem for spin spherical harmonics and give explicit results in the cases
involving one spin- and one spin- spherical harmonics with ,
1, 3/2, and , 1. We obtain also a fully general addition theorem for
one scalar and one tensor spherical harmonic of arbitrary rank. A variety of
bilocal sums of ordinary and spin spherical harmonics are given in explicit
form, including a general explicit expression for bilocal spherical harmonics
Addition theorems for spin spherical harmonics. I Preliminaries
We develop a systematic approach to deriving addition theorems for, and some
other bilocal sums of, spin spherical harmonics. In this first part we
establish some necessary technical results. We discuss the factorization of
orbital and spin degrees of freedom in certain products of Clebsch-Gordan
coefficients, and obtain general explicit results for the matrix elements in
configuration space of tensor products of arbitrary rank of the position and
angular-momentum operators. These results are the basis of the addition
theorems for spin spherical harmonics obtained in part II
Esquema económico sobre el benefício de minerales metálicos de precio medio. Experiencias que afectan favorablemente al proceso
One-loop vertex integrals in heavy-particle effective theories
We give a complete analytical computation of three-point one-loop integrals
with one heavy propagator, up to the third tensor rank, for arbitrary values of
external momenta and masses.Comment: 10 pages, Latex, to appear in J. Phys.
Intermittency in Branching Processes
We study the intermittency properties of two branching processes, one with a
uniform and another with a singular splitting kernel. The asymptotic
intermittency indices, as well as the leading corrections to the asymptotic
linear regime are explicitly computed in an analytic framework. Both models are
found to possess a monofractal spectrum with . Relations with
previous results are discussed.Comment: 20 pages, UCLA93/TEP/2
An integral approach to sludge handling in a WWTP operated for EBPR aiming phosphorus recovery: simulation of alternatives, LCA and LCC analyses
©IWA Publishing 2020. The definitive peer-reviewed and edited version of this
article is published in Water Research, Volume 175, 15 May 2020, 115647, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2020.115647 and is available at www.iwapublishing.com.[EN] As phosphorus is a non-renewable resource mainly used to produce fertilizers and helps to provide food all over the world, the proper management of its reserves is a global concern since it is expected to become scarcer in the near future.
In this work we assessed two different sludge line configurations aiming for P extraction and recovery before anaerobic digestion and compared them with the classical configuration. This study has been performed by simulation with the model BNRM2 integrated in the software package DESASS 7.1. Configuration 1 was based on the production of a PO4-enriched stream from sludge via elutriation in the primary thickeners, while Configuration 2 was based on the WASSTRIP (R) process and its PO4-enriched stream was mechanically obtained with dynamic thickeners. In both alternatives recovery was enhanced by promoting poly-phosphate (poly-P) extraction under anaerobic conditions, for which both configurations were fully evaluated in a full-scale WWTP. Both were also optimized to maximize phosphorus extraction. Their costs and life cycles were also analysed.
The novelty of this research lies in the lack of literature about the integral evaluation of pre-anaerobic digestion P recovery from wastewaters. This study included a holistic approach and an optimization study of both alternatives plus their economic and environmental aspects.
In Configuration 1, the PO4-P load in the recovery stream reached 43.1% of the total influent P load and reduced uncontrolled P-precipitation in the sludge line up to 52.9%. In Configuration 2, extraction was 48.2% of the influent P load and it reduced precipitation by up to 60.0%. Despite Configuration 1's lower phosphorus recovery efficiency, it had a 23.0% lower life cycle cost and a 14.2% lower global warming impact per hm(3) of treated influent than Configuration 2. Configuration 1 also reduced the TAEC by 17.6% and global warming impact by 2.0% less than Configuration 0.The LIFE Programme, the European Union's funding instrument for the environment and climate action, supported and co-funded this study as part of the LIFE ENRICH project (LIFE16 ENV/ES/000375).Roldán, M.; Bouzas, A.; Seco, A.; Mena, E.; Mayor, Á.; Barat, R. (2020). An integral approach to sludge handling in a WWTP operated for EBPR aiming phosphorus recovery: simulation of alternatives, LCA and LCC analyses. Water Research. 175:1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2020.115647S111175Bouzas, A., Martí, N., Grau, S., Barat, R., Mangin, D., & Pastor, L. (2019). Implementation of a global P-recovery system in urban wastewater treatment plants. Journal of Cleaner Production, 227, 130-140. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.04.126Bradford-Hartke, Z., Lane, J., Lant, P., & Leslie, G. (2015). Environmental Benefits and Burdens of Phosphorus Recovery from Municipal Wastewater. Environmental Science & Technology, 49(14), 8611-8622. doi:10.1021/es505102vCieślik, B., & Konieczka, P. (2017). A review of phosphorus recovery methods at various steps of wastewater treatment and sewage sludge management. The concept of «no solid waste generation» and analytical methods. Journal of Cleaner Production, 142, 1728-1740. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.11.116Cornel, P., & Schaum, C. (2009). Phosphorus recovery from wastewater: needs, technologies and costs. Water Science and Technology, 59(6), 1069-1076. doi:10.2166/wst.2009.045Cullen, N., Baur, R., & Schauer, P. (2013). Three years of operation of North America’s first nutrient recovery facility. Water Science and Technology, 68(4), 763-768. doi:10.2166/wst.2013.260Egle, L., Rechberger, H., Krampe, J., & Zessner, M. (2016). Phosphorus recovery from municipal wastewater: An integrated comparative technological, environmental and economic assessment of P recovery technologies. Science of The Total Environment, 571, 522-542. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.07.019Ferrer, J., Pretel, R., Durán, F., Giménez, J. B., Robles, A., Ruano, M. V., … Seco, A. (2015). Design methodology for submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBR): A case study. Separation and Purification Technology, 141, 378-386. doi:10.1016/j.seppur.2014.12.018Ferrer, J., Seco, A., Serralta, J., Ribes, J., Manga, J., Asensi, E., … Llavador, F. (2008). DESASS: A software tool for designing, simulating and optimising WWTPs. Environmental Modelling & Software, 23(1), 19-26. doi:10.1016/j.envsoft.2007.04.005Guedes, P., Couto, N., Ottosen, L. M., & Ribeiro, A. B. (2014). Phosphorus recovery from sewage sludge ash through an electrodialytic process. Waste Management, 34(5), 886-892. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2014.02.021Guérin-Schneider, L., Tsanga-Tabi, M., Roux, P., Catel, L., & Biard, Y. (2018). How to better include environmental assessment in public decision-making: Lessons from the use of an LCA-calculator for wastewater systems. Journal of Cleaner Production, 187, 1057-1068. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.03.168Harrison, E. Z., Oakes, S. R., Hysell, M., & Hay, A. (2006). Organic chemicals in sewage sludges. Science of The Total Environment, 367(2-3), 481-497. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.04.002Le Corre, K. S., Valsami-Jones, E., Hobbs, P., & Parsons, S. A. (2009). Phosphorus Recovery from Wastewater by Struvite Crystallization: A Review. Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 39(6), 433-477. doi:10.1080/10643380701640573Lizarralde, I., Fernández-Arévalo, T., Manas, A., Ayesa, E., & Grau, P. (2019). Model-based opti mization of phosphorus management strategies in Sur WWTP, Madrid. Water Research, 153, 39-52. doi:10.1016/j.watres.2018.12.056Marti, N., Bouzas, A., Seco, A., & Ferrer, J. (2008). Struvite precipitation assessment in anaerobic digestion processes. Chemical Engineering Journal, 141(1-3), 67-74. doi:10.1016/j.cej.2007.10.023Nättorp, A., Remmen, K., & Remy, C. (2017). Cost assessment of different routes for phosphorus recovery from wastewater using data from pilot and production plants. Water Science and Technology, 76(2), 413-424. doi:10.2166/wst.2017.212Neethling, J. B., & Benisch, M. (2004). Struvite control through process and facility design as well as operation strategy. Water Science and Technology, 49(2), 191-199. doi:10.2166/wst.2004.0122Pastor, L., Marti, N., Bouzas, A., & Seco, A. (2008). Sewage sludge management for phosphorus recovery as struvite in EBPR wastewater treatment plants. Bioresource Technology, 99(11), 4817-4824. doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2007.09.054Peng, L., Dai, H., Wu, Y., Peng, Y., & Lu, X. (2018). A comprehensive review of phosphorus recovery from wastewater by crystallization processes. Chemosphere, 197, 768-781. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.01.098Robles, Á., Aguado, D., Barat, R., Borrás, L., Bouzas, A., Giménez, J. B., … Seco, A. (2020). New frontiers from removal to recycling of nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater in the Circular Economy. Bioresource Technology, 300, 122673. doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122673Rodriguez-Garcia, G., Frison, N., Vázquez-Padín, J. R., Hospido, A., Garrido, J. M., Fatone, F., … Feijoo, G. (2014). Life cycle assessment of nutrient removal technologies for the treatment of anaerobic digestion supernatant and its integration in a wastewater treatment plant. Science of The Total Environment, 490, 871-879. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.05.077Sena, M., & Hicks, A. (2018). Life cycle assessment review of struvite precipitation in wastewater treatment. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 139, 194-204. doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2018.08.009Shih, Y.-J., Abarca, R. R. M., de Luna, M. D. G., Huang, Y.-H., & Lu, M.-C. (2017). Recovery of phosphorus from synthetic wastewaters by struvite crystallization in a fluidized-bed reactor: Effects of pH, phosphate concentration and coexisting ions. Chemosphere, 173, 466-473. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.01.088Van Dijk, K. C., Lesschen, J. P., & Oenema, O. (2016). Phosphorus flows and balances of the European Union Member States. Science of The Total Environment, 542, 1078-1093. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.08.048Wang, J., You, S., Zong, Y., Træholt, C., Dong, Z. Y., & Zhou, Y. (2019). Flexibility of combined heat and power plants: A review of technologies and operation strategies. Applied Energy, 252, 113445. doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.11344
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Impair the Differentiation of CD14++CD16-CD64+ Classical Monocytes into CD14++CD16+CD64++ Activate Monocytes
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