Subfield Effects on the Core of Coauthors

It is examined whether the number ($J$) of (joint) publications of a "main scientist" with her/his coauthors ranked according to rank ($r$) importance, i.e. $J \propto 1/r$, as found by Ausloos [1] still holds for subfields, i.e. when the "main scientist" has worked on different, sometimes overlapping, subfields. Two cases are studied. It is shown that the law holds for large subfields. As shown, in an Appendix, is also useful to combine small topics into large ones for better statistics. It is observed that the sub-cores are much smaller than the overall coauthor core measure. Nevertheless, the smallness of the core and sub-cores may imply further considerations for the evaluation of team research purposes and activities.Comment: 12 figures (can be combined); 37 references; 4 Tables; prepared for and submitted to Scientometric

Optimal Economic Growth Using Fiscal and Monetary Policies

The literature on growth theory is rich with models attempting to explain growth differences among countries. Several variables have been proposed many of which were found to be positively related to growth. However, a major problem with these models is that the factors explaining growth are endogenously determined by their environment so that a slow-growing or a poor country will find itself helpless because all the crucial variables it has `inherited' are either deficient or inexistent. We propose policyoriented model that empowers (poor or slow-growing) countries in the sense that they can use economic policies to achieve high growth and eliminate the gap of unused productive capacity of society. We demonstrate that such objectives are possible by manipulating some key control variables, namely the rate of interest and the net government spending.growth, maximization, fiscal policy, interest rates, deficit, money

Electrical and thermal transport properties in high T_c superconductors : effects of a magnetic field

Experimental studies of the electric and heat currents in the normal, superconducting and mixed states of high T$_c$ superconductors (HTcS) lead to characterization, complementary to data obtained from equilibrium property based techniques. A magnetic field superimposed on the superconducting sample generates {\it magneto-transport phenomena}, from which an excess electrical resistivity, an excess thermoelectric power, the Hall or the Nernst effect. Different behavioral effects allow one to distinguish various dissipation mechanisms, like quasi particle scattering, vortex motion dissipation and superconductivity fluctuations, in particular when the Corbino geometry is used. Moreover bulk measurements of the thermal conductivity and the electrothermal conductivity in a magnetic field give us sure indications of the order parameter symmetry. The location of the mixed state phase transition lines in the technological phase diagram of HTcS are briefly pointed out through precise measurements performed over broad temperature and magnetic field ranges. The results are mainly reviewed with the aim of defining further investigation lines.Comment: 9 pages, no figures; to appear in Physica

Analysis of Experimental Conditions for Simultaneous Measurements of Transport and Magnetotransport Coefficients of High Temperature Superconductors

Experimental conditions for simultaneous measurements of transport coefficients of high temperature superconductors in zero and non-zero magnetic fields are analysed. Test measurements of the thermal conductivity, the thermoelectric power and the Nernst - Ettingshausen effect of a textured Bi2212 sample are reported in an external magnetic field of 2T. Errors related to parameters of the thermocouple used and to the spurious heat flows are discussed for a new experimental set-up built based on a closed cycle helium refrigerator. Possible optimising of experimental conditions is suggested.Comment: 9 pages + 4 figures. accepted for publication in Cryogenic

Nonlinear adaptive sliding mode control of a powertrain supplying fuel cell hybrid vehicle

International audienceThis paper presents an adaptive sliding mode based switching scheme for controlling DC-DC hybrid powertrain for propulsion of a Fuel Cell / Supercapacitor hybrid vehicle. After modeling the powertrain, a new approach to determine a nonlinear sliding surface ensuring stability of the DC/DC Boost converter is discussed. This was achieved without introducing the equivalent control aspect after transforming the instantaneous model of the Boost in a suitable form. The presented technique is also applied for trajectories tracking in the entire powertrain, which includes a dc/dc Boost converter associated to Fuel Cell stack and another Bidirectionnel dc/dc converter associated to the supercapacitor bank, which are both working in parallel to provide electricity propelling the vehicle. The control scheme is tested with driving cycle example through simulation

Analyse multidisciplinaire des assemblages plafond à plancher dans les bâtiments en bois et développement d'une stratégie d'optimisation multi-objectif

La conception de l'assemblage plafond-plancher dans un bâtiment en bois peut être un défi en raison de ses aspects multidisciplinaires et des limitations d'espace. En tant qu'un composant du bâtiment, cet espace possède un rôle structural et représente un volume dans lequel passent les systèmes de la mécanique du bâtiment. L'objectif de ce travail est de démystifier l'assemblage plafond-plancher à travers une recherche bibliographique et des entrevues semi-dirigées et de développer ensuite une méthodologie d'optimisation multi-objectif pour une conception optimale de ce sandwich. Le modèle développé intègre tant la partie structurale que les systèmes de la mécanique du bâtiment, dont un but de minimiser l'épaisseur de l'assemblage tout en optimisant le système de ventilation qui passe dedans. L'algorithme NSGA-II est utilisé dans le processus d'optimisation. Une étude de cas sur un assemblage plafond-plancher dans un bâtiment en bois a été réalisée pour évaluer le modèle développé, où trois configurations d'assemblage ont été testées. Dans la première configuration, le réseau de ventilation passe à travers la structure, soit en parallèle aux poutres, soit en les traversant. Dans ce cas, des ouvertures seront nécessaires à condition que le diamètre de la conduite ne dépasse pas 15% de la hauteur des poutres. Dans la deuxième configuration, on considère que les poutres sont renforcées, pour donner une tolérance supplémentaire relative à l'ouverture au niveau des poutres allant jusqu'à 30% de leur hauteur. La troisième configuration est la méthode traditionnelle où aucune ouverture n'est autorisée et le réseau de ventilation passe en dessous de la structure. Pour les trois configurations, deux types de dispositions des gaines de ventilation ont été évaluées. Les meilleures solutions sont présentées sous la forme de fronts de Pareto. L'analyse des résultats montre que l'optimisation de la configuration traditionnelle de l'assemblage donne toujours de meilleures solutions (où l'épaisseur de l'assemblage varie de 0.65 m à 0,87m et la perte de pression varie de 50 Pa à 105 Pa) comparativement aux deux autres configurations.The design of the ceiling-to-floor assembly in timber buildings can be challenging due to its multidisciplinary aspects, space limitations, and requirements of timber constructions. As a component of the building, this space has a structural role. It ensures the safety and comfort of occupants and represents a volume through which building services systems pass. The objective of this work is to demystify the ceiling-to-floor assembly in timber buildings and to develop a multi-objective optimization method for an optimum design. In order to do this, bibliographical research was carried out in various databases. This step was accompanied by a series of semi-structured interviews with wood construction experts. Then a multi-objective optimization strategy for the ceiling-to-floor assembly was developed. It integrates both structures and building mechanical systems to minimize the thickness of the ceiling-to-floor assembly and optimize the pressure drops in the air distribution system that passes through it. The multi-objective genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) is used in the optimization process. Design variables related to the structure and ventilation network are taken into account. A case study of a ceiling-to-floor assembly in a timber building was carried out to evaluate the developed model, where three assembly configurations were tested: (i) the diameter of an aperture in a beam to let a duct pass is limited to 15% of the beam height, (ii) the aperture diameter limitation is 30% of the beam height, corresponding to a beam with reinforcement, (iii) no apertures are allowed and the ducts are below the beams. Best solutions are presented through the Pareto fronts and the optimal dimensions of the structure and air distribution ducts are generated. For the case study, results show that the optimization algorithm gives better results in terms of thickness and pressure drops in the third configuration where ducts pass through beams (assembly thickness ranges from 0.65 to 0.87 m, pressure drops from 50 Pa to 105 Pa), compared to the configuration where the duct passes through the structure

Internettepoken? En dokumentanalyse av PSTs trusselvurderinger 2004-2023

Master i samfunnsvitenskap med fordypning i internasjonale relasjoner 202