MATERIAL CHARACTERISATION OF A FLORENTINE PAINTER IN PORTUGAL IN THE LATE 19TH CENTURY: PAINTINGS BY GIORGIO MARINI

This paper presents the analytical characterisation of a series of paintings authored by Giorgio Marini (1836-1905) from the Museum of Évora. Marini was an Italian painter who lived in Portugal in the 19th century. He was a very prolific painter and his works, most of them portraits commissioned by urban and rural bourgeois and noble elites, are dispersed all over the country. The general good conservation state of most paintings prevented the collection of micro-samples for detailed study. Hence, material identification of the painting materials was performed primarily by XRF, given its non-destructive and non-invasive nature, and it was complemented when possible by auxiliary techniques optical microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and SEM-EDX. Pigments and fillers such as yellow and red ochre, lead white, zinc white, barium white, chrome yellow and green chrome are among the identified pigments. This is the first time the palette used by Giorgio Marini was identified, helping to characterised the pigments used by foreign painters during the 19th century in Portuga

The metallic artifacts of the prehistoric fortified settlement of Leceia (Oeiras) inventory and analytical study

This paper presents the results of a study carried on a collection of 144 metal artefacts from the Early (ca. 2800-2600/2500 a.C.) and the Middle/Final Chalcolithic (ca. 2600/2500-2000 a.C.), found at the site of Leceia (Oeiras, Central Portugal) during the excavations conducted between 1983 and 2000. A systematised analysis of the collection was provided in order to enumerate the different typologies found in the site and to determine their chemical composition. From a typological point of view, a great diversity of artifacts was found, namely, punches, fish-hooks, flat axes, chisels, saws, ingots and foundry remnants. Elemental analysis, by X-ray Fluorescence, shows that the artefacts were made of copper, with a variable occurence of arsenic, nickel, silver, antimony, bismuth, lead and iron. In this paper, data is exposed and discussed within the regional early metallurgy.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Late Bronze Age Hoard studied by PIXE

The hoards of metallic objects belonging to the Late European Bronze Age can be interpreted differently depending on the type, number and composition of the artefacts. PIXE analysis has been performed in nine items from the Hoard of Freixanda in Portugal comprising 4 socket axes, a palstave axe, a ring, a chisel, a dagger, and a casting debris. Besides the composition of the main matrix elements, that is Cu and Sn, the amount of trace elements of interest like, As, Pb, Ni and Ag has been determined using this ion beam technique. The high tin content alloy and the high purity of the metals from the Freixanda hoard are characteristic of the Portuguese and Spanish Late Bronze Age metallurgy, supporting the idea of a regional production

A ocupação Pré‑histórica do Cabeço de Caria Talaia (Sabugal, Portugal)

This paper presents evidence for the prehistoric occupation of Cabeço de Caria Talaia, Sabugal (Portugal). Despite the poor preservation of the structures and its artefacts, the archaeological intervention conducted in 2008 and 2009 allowed to define its inhabitance at an advanced phase between the Middle Bronze Age and the beginning of the Late Bronze Age. Furthermore, a significant set of ceramics allowed to integrate this site as part of the tradition of proto‑Cogotas and Cogotas I productions, located at the westernmost edge of the Meseta and, consequently, on the periphery of the complex world of Cogotas I

The Use of Gold at the Rock-cut Tomb Necropolis of Casal do Pardo (Quinta do Anjo, Palmela, 3200-2000 BCE)

Thanks to extensive research on the site and its architecture, and remains, Casal do Pardo is a type site for European prehistory, a true archetype of European Bell Beaker culture. Although there are many topics related to Casal do Pardo, this paper focuses exclusively on gold metallurgy and the recent findings of a 2017 archaeological campaign.The group of rock-cut caves at Casal do Pardo is located in the parish council of Quinta do Anjo (municipality of Palmela, district of Setúbal). Although the site is also referred to as simply Palmela1 and Quinta do Anjo2, its right name is Casal do Pardo3.The necropolis is located in an inner part of the Pré-Arrábida mountain range, as identi-fied by Orlando Ribeiro4, in the valley immediately to the north of Serra do Louro. Its geo-graphical coordinates are Hayford – Gauss Datum 73 – 70204. 3664 / 122261. 468 (Portugal’s Military Chart no. 454, 2009). The rock-cut caves, dug into soft limestone, are located in a region with different overlapping geological formations, more precisely a Miocene formation of the Langhian-Serravallian and Tortonian stages5.All the field and laboratory work have been supported by the municipality of Palmela

Final Bronze Age Hoards in Solveira (Montalegre, North of Portugal). A multidisciplinary approach

Studio della metallurgia portoghese nel bronzo final