Effect of harvest seasons and time of potato tuber storage on postharvest quality characteristics

The phases of harvest and postharvest determining the final potato tubers quality. The season of harvest and the time that the tubers remain stored can affect several factors such as the occurrence of disease, susceptibility of the tubers to mechanical damage y physicochemical quality of tubers. The aim of this research was study two potato cultivars as your answer on the physicochemical characteristics to different harvest seasons and storage times. The cultivars studied were Agatha and Atlantic. The treatments consisted of four harvest seasons (14, 28, 42 and 56 days after desiccation) and 4 storage times (0, 14, 28 and 42 days) in factorial arrangement 4x4. We evaluated the soluble solids, firmness of pulp, the pulp pH, titratable acidity, dry matter content and weight loss. The increase in storage time and delayed harvest reduced fruit firmness in both cultivars and increased the soluble solids. The weekly weight loss showed reduction with increasing the storage period and increased with the delay in harvest. The dry matter content, the pulp pH and titratable acidity were not affected by the harvest season or storage periods. Las etapas de cosecha y post-cosecha son determinantes de la calidad final de tubérculos de papa. El momento de la cosecha y el tiempo que los tubérculos permanecen almacenados puede afectar a varios factores, tales como la aparición de enfermedad, susceptibilidad de los tubérculos a daños mecánicos y la calidad físico-química de tubérculos. El objetivo de esta investigación fue estudiar dos cultivos de papa en cuanto a su respuesta en las características físico-químicas a diferentes épocas de cosecha y tiempos de almacenamiento. Los cultivos evaluados fueron Ágata y Atlantic. Los tratamientos consistieron en cuatro períodos de cosecha (14, 28, 42 y 56 días después de la desecación) y 4 tiempos de almacenamiento (0, 14, 28 y 42 días) en arreglo factorial 4x4. Se evaluaron los sólidos solubles, firmeza de pulpa, el pH de la pulpa, acidez titulable, contenido de materia seca y pérdida de peso. El aumento del tiempo de almacenamiento y cosecha tardía reducen a firmeza de la pulpa con aumento de los sólidos solubles en ambos cultivos. La pérdida de peso semanal mostró una reducción a medida que aumenta el período de almacenamiento y aumento con el retraso en la cosecha. El contenido de materia seca, pH de pulpa y la acidez valorable no fueron afectados por el retraso de la cosecha y por períodos almacenamiento de los tubérculos. As fases de Colheita e pós-colheita são determinantes da qualidade final de tubérculos de batata. A época de colheita e o tempo que os tubérculos permanecem armazenados podem afetar diversos fatores como a ocorrência de doenças, a susceptibilidade dos tubérculos à dano mecânico y qualidade físico-química dos tubérculos. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi estudar duas cultivares de batata quanto a sua resposta nas características físico-químicas a distintas épocas de colheita e tempos de armazenamento. As cultivares avaliadas foram a Ágata e Atlantic. Os tratamentos constituíram-se de 4 períodos de colheita (14, 28, 42 e 56 dias após a dessecação) e de 4 tempos de armazenamento (0, 14, 28 e 42 dias) em arranjo fatorial 4x4. Foram avaliados o teor de sólidos solúveis, a firmeza de polpa, o pH de polpa, acidez titulável, o teor de matéria seca e a perda de peso. O aumento no tempo de armazenamento e atraso na colheita reduziram a firmeza de polpa em ambas cultivares e aumentaram o teor de sólidos solúveis. A perda de peso semanal exibiu redução ao longo do período de armazenamento e aumento com o atraso na colheita. O teor de matéria seca, o pH de polpa e a acidez titulável não foram afetados pela época de colheita nem pelos períodos de armazenamento

DESENVOLVIMENTO E ACEITABILIDADE DE MUFFINS ADICIONADOS DE FARINHA DE CASCA DE UVA DAS CULTIVARES ANCELOTTA E BORDÔDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5892/ruvrd.v14i2.2923

O estudo objetivou verificar a aceitabilidade sensorial de muffins adicionados de farinha de casca de uva (FCU) das cultivares Ancellotta e Bordô, bem como determinar a atividade microbiológica destas farinhas. Foram elaboradas cinco formulações de muffins, sendo: F1: padrão (0%) e as demais adicionadas de 25% (F2) e 50% (F3) de FCU da cultivar Ancellotta; 25% (F4) e 50% (F5) da FCU da cultivar Bordô. Participaram da análise sensorial 50 provadores, não treinados, com idade acima de 18 anos. A partir da análise sensorial, percebeu-se que as maiores notas para F1 e F2 foram verificadas nos atributos aparência, cor e aceitação global. Porém, destaca-se que as amostras F2 e F4 foram aquelas com maior aceitabilidade, comparadas à F3 e F5. Em relação à atividade microbiológica, não foram encontrados valores significativos, assegurando os critérios de controle de qualidade das amostras. Conclui-se que a adição de até 25% de FCU de ambos as cultivares foi bem aceito pelos provadores.

Antifungal activity of plant extracts on Phaeomoniella chlamydospora

The decline and death of the vine has become an obstacle to world wine production. Among the causative agents highlights the Phaeomoniella chlamydospora, causal agent of Esca and Petri disease. Plant extracts may become a viable option control considering their fungistatic and/or fungicide substances. The objective of this work was to verify the potential of the aqueous extracts of plants on the control of Phaeomoniella chlamydospora comparing to other products. The following treatments were applied: sulfur, mancozeb, difeconazole, pyraclostrobin, tebuconazole, chitosan, Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma harzianum,and extracts of india flowers, cinnamon bark, dried leaves of rosemary and lemon grass. The treatments were added in PDA culture medium, previously autoclaved at 120o for 20 min. Disc of 5 mm diameter of P.chlamydosporacolony were transferred to the center of Petri dishes and kept at 20∘C in the dark. The experimental design was completely randomized with five replications. It was evaluated the mycelial growth at five, eight and fourteen days after the installation of the experiment, obtaining the area under curve of the mycelial growth (AUCMG). The clove India extracts, cinnamon and rosemary, proved to be a control option considering their effect in the decrease of AUCMG compared to the control

Antifungal activity of plant extracts on

The decline and death of the vine has become an obstacle to world wine production. Among the causative agents highlights the Phaeomoniella chlamydospora, causal agent of Esca and Petri disease. Plant extracts may become a viable option control considering their fungistatic and/or fungicide substances. The objective of this work was to verify the potential of the aqueous extracts of plants on the control of Phaeomoniella chlamydospora comparing to other products. The following treatments were applied: sulfur, mancozeb, difeconazole, pyraclostrobin, tebuconazole, chitosan, Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma harzianum,and extracts of india flowers, cinnamon bark, dried leaves of rosemary and lemon grass. The treatments were added in PDA culture medium, previously autoclaved at 120o for 20 min. Disc of 5 mm diameter of P.chlamydosporacolony were transferred to the center of Petri dishes and kept at 20∘C in the dark. The experimental design was completely randomized with five replications. It was evaluated the mycelial growth at five, eight and fourteen days after the installation of the experiment, obtaining the area under curve of the mycelial growth (AUCMG). The clove India extracts, cinnamon and rosemary, proved to be a control option considering their effect in the decrease of AUCMG compared to the control

Mineral analysis, anthocyanins and phenolic compounds in wine residues flour

This study analyzed the mineral content (N, P, K, S, Ca, Fe, Mg, Mn, Fe and Zn), anthocyanins and phenolic compounds in flours produced from residues of different grape cultivars from the wineries in the Southern region of Brazil. Mineral analysis showed a significant difference for all grape cultivar, with the exception for phosphorus content. Residues from cv. Seibel showed higher levels of N, Cu and Mg. The cultivars Ancelotta, Tanat and Bordô present higher contents of K, Zn, Mn, Fe and Ca. For the concentration of anthocyanins, cultivars Cabernet Sauvignon (114.7 mg / 100g), Tannat (88.5 mg / 100 g) and Ancelotta (33.8 mg/100 g) had the highest concentrations. The cultivars Pinot Noir (7.0 g AGE / 100 g), Tannat (4.3 g AGE / 100 g), and Ancelotta (3.9 g AGE / 100 g) had the highest content of phenolic compounds. Considering these results, it became evident the potential of using the residue of winemaking to produce flour for human consumption, highlighting the grapes ‘Tannat' and ‘Ancellotta'

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans—anteaters, sloths, and armadillos—have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, 10 anteaters, and 6 sloths. Our data set includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the southern United States, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to the austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n = 5,941), and Cyclopes sp. have the fewest (n = 240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n = 11,588), and the fewest data are recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n = 33). With regard to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n = 962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n = 12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other data sets of Neotropical Series that will become available very soon (i.e., Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans data set. Please cite this data paper when using its data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using these data