Variability of the stomata among 'Albariño' (Vitis vinifera L.) clones and its relationship with susceptibility to downy mildew

In grapevines the stomata are located on the abaxial epidermis of the leaves, arranged in no specific order. As in other plants, they regulate the communication between the internal tissues and the external atmosphere, playing a critical role in both photosynthesis and transpiration processes. Moreover, stomata are the main entrance for pathogens such as Plasmopara viticola (Berk & Curt.)Berl. & de Toni, the causal agent of downy mildew, one of the most widespread fungal diseases of grapevines. Due to this and the fact that downy mildew causes large losses in yield and quality of grapes, there is a great interest to determine the causes of the different degree of susceptibility to this pathogen. Some authors have searched for anatomical features that might be related to the penetration and development of P. viticola in the mesophyll of grapevine leaves, such as the density of leaf hairs (KORTEKAMP and ZYPRIAN, 1999) or the ultrastructure of stomata (JÜRGES et al. 2009). Other authors have examined the differences concerning the number of stomata in different grapevine cultivars (DÜRING 1980, PALLIOTTI et al. 2000, BEN SALEM-FNAYOU et al. 2005), but none had evaluated the differences for this aspect between clones of the same cultivar. Recently some authors have found a strong correlation between the number and size of stomata and the susceptibility to downy mildew (LU et al. 2010). The aim of this work is to determine whether different clones of 'Albariño' differ in terms of their number and size of stomata and its possible relation with the different susceptibility to P. viticola of these same clones.Financial support from the Xunta de Galicia Research Projects (07MRU024403PR).Peer reviewe

Evaluación de la sensibilidad en distintas viníferas blancas: mildiu, oídio y botrytis

6 páginas, 6 figuras.--Trabajo publicado en revista de divulgación científica.Peer reviewe

Estudio para la mejora de la calidad del vino albariño

Premio de Investigación, Real Academia Galega de Ciencias, convocatoria 2009.[EN]Twenty-two clones from Albariño variety (Vitis vinifera L.), from an initial collection of 115 clones, were selected on the basis of their ampelographic, molecular and sanitary characteristics. These selected clones were studied from the agronomic and oenological point of view, and were also quantified for their levels of susceptibility to Powdery Mildew, Oidium and Botrytis. An ecotypic yeast was selected, its use has been patented and it is being exploited. Musts obtained from the previously selected Albariño clones were fermented with this yeast, essentially by increasing the content in volatile substances of interest (terpens: linalool and geraniol; norisoprenoids: α-ionone and β- damascenone), leading to wines with improved fermentative dynamic and sensorial attributes.[ES]En base a características ampelográficas, moleculares y sanitarias, se seleccionaron 22 clones de la variedad Albariño (Vitis vinifera L.), partiendo de 115 iniciales. Sobre los clones seleccionados se ha llevado a cabo un estudio agronómico y enológico, así como la cuantificación de los niveles de susceptibilidad a Mildiu, Oídio y Botrytis. Se ha seleccionado una levadura ecotípica, cuyo uso ha sido patentado y se encuentra en explotación. Con ella se fermentaron los mostos obtenidos a partir de los clones de Albariño previamente seleccionados, dando lugar a vinos con una dinámica fermentativa xPremio de Investigación, Real Academia Galega de Ciencias, convocatoria 2009 y unos atributos sensoriales mejorados, fundamentalmente en base al aumento del contenido en sustancias volátiles de interés (terpenos: linalool y geraniol; norisoprenoides: α-ionona y β- damascenona).La actividad realizada ha sido financiada, además de por la Bodega Terras Gauda S.A., por la Xunta de Galicia (PGIDIT04TAL035E), y por el propio CSIC (PIE 2004 7 0E 214).Peer reviewe

Validation of three predictive models for suboptimal cytoreductive surgery in advanced ovarian cancer

The standard treatment for advanced ovarian cancer (AOC) is cytoreduction surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. Tumor volume after surgery is a major prognostic factor for these patients. The ability to perform complete cytoreduction depends on the extent of disease and the skills of the surgical team. Several predictive models have been proposed to evaluate the possibility of performing complete cytoreductive surgery (CCS). External validation of the prognostic value of three predictive models (Fagotti index and the R3 and R4 models) for predicting suboptimal cytoreductive surgery (SCS) in AOC was performed in this study. The scores of the 3 models were evaluated in one hundred and three consecutive patients diagnosed with AOC treated in a tertiary hospital were evaluated. Clinicopathological features were collected prospectively and analyzed retrospectively. The performance of the three models was evaluated, and calibration and discrimination were analyzed. The calibration of the Fagotti, R3 and R4 models showed odds ratios of obtaining SCSs of 1.5, 2.4 and 2.4, respectively, indicating good calibration. The discrimination of the Fagotti, R3 and R4 models showed an area under the ROC curve of 83%, 70% and 81%, respectively. The negative predictive values of the three models were higher than the positive predictive values for SCS. The three models were able to predict suboptimal cytoreductive surgery for advanced ovarian cancer, but they were more reliable for predicting CCS. The R4 model discriminated better because it includes the laparotomic evaluation of the peritoneal carcinomatosis index

Caracterización anatómica e histológica en vid (Vitis vinifera L.). Relación con la resistencia a enfermedades criptogámicas y otros aspectos

1 página.- Artículo publicado en revista de divulgación.Peer reviewe

La caracterización molecular y ampelográfica de clones de "Albariño", "Savagnin Blanc" y "Caíño Blanco" (Vitis vinifera L.) demuestra que son cultivares diferentes

[EN] The grapevine cultivar 'Albariño' is one of the oldest grown in the vine-growing areas of north-western Spain and northern Portugal. Since recognition of Origin Denomination status for the Rías Baixas region (the coast of western Galicia, Spain) in 1987, the economic importance of this cultivar has increased, and its grapes are now among the most expensive in Spain. The area occupied by 'Albariño' vines in this region is increasing every year, and the wines made from its grapes are gaining international recognition. These events, plus the fact that 'Albariño'was little known outside its traditional growing area, have led to speculation about its origin and the existence of synonyms. Misnames of 'Albariño' have included 'Savagnin Blanc' and 'Caíño Blanco'. The present work compares 'Albariño', 'Savagnin Blanc' and 'Caíño Blanco' ampelographically (i.e., it compares shoot, leaf, grape cluster, berry and seed characteristics) and molecularly using microsatellite markers. The results show that they are in fact three different cultivars providing a complete description. For 'Caíño Blanco', there is little previously reported information.[ES] El 'Albariño' es uno de los cultivares más antiguos de la zona vitícola del Noroeste de España y norte de Portugal. Desde la aprobación en el año 1987 de la Denominación de Origen Rías Baixas, este cultivar es el de mayor valor económico de esta zona vitícola, y su uva alcanza uno de los precios más elevados de España. Su superficie de cultivo, dentro de esta Denominación de Origen, se multiplica año tras año, y sus vinos adquieren fama internacional. Todo ello, unido a que era un cultivar poco conocido fuera de esta pequeña zona vitícola española, ha llevado a la aparición en los últimos años de diversas especulaciones sobre su origen, y a la atribución de diferentes sinonimias. Entre los nombres erróneamente atribuidos al 'Albariño' se encuentran 'Savagnin Blanc' y 'Caíño Blanco'. En el presente trabajo se hace un estudio comparativo de los tres cultivares a nivel ampelográfico (brote, hoja, racimo, baya, semilla) y a nivel molecular por medio de marcadores microsatélite. Los resultados demuestran que 'Albariño', 'Savagnin Blanc' y 'Caíño Blanco' son cultivares distintos, proporcionando una completa descripción de cada uno. De uno de ellos, 'Caíño Blanco', existe muy poca información previa.Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Spain, projects VIN00-036-C6-3 and RF02-004-C5-2.Peer reviewe

The synonym Albarín Blanco (mountain viticulture area) and Blanco Legítimo (coast area). Adaptation due to the origin or clonal variability?

Trabajo presentado en el congreso celebrado en Castiglione di Sicilia, entre el 12 y el 14 de mayo de 2010.Peer Reviewe

Tinta castañal (Vitis vinifera L.), variedad de interés en las subzona Rosal (D. O. Rías Baixas)

2 páginas, 7 figuras -- Artículo publicado en revista de divulgación.Peer reviewe

Variability of the stomata among 'Albariño' (Vitis vinifera L.) clones and its relationship with susceptibility to downy mildew

In grapevines the stomata are located on the abaxial epidermis of the leaves, arranged in no specific order. As in other plants, they regulate the communication between the internal tissues and the external atmosphere, playing a critical role in both photosynthesis and transpiration processes. Moreover, stomata are the main entrance for pathogens such as Plasmopara viticola (Berk & Curt.)Berl. & de Toni, the causal agent of downy mildew, one of the most widespread fungal diseases of grapevines. Due to this and the fact that downy mildew causes large losses in yield and quality of grapes, there is a great interest to determine the causes of the different degree of susceptibility to this pathogen. Some authors have searched for anatomical features that might be related to the penetration and development of P. viticola in the mesophyll of grapevine leaves, such as the density of leaf hairs (KORTEKAMP and ZYPRIAN, 1999) or the ultrastructure of stomata (JÜRGES et al. 2009). Other authors have examined the differences concerning the number of stomata in different grapevine cultivars (DÜRING 1980, PALLIOTTI et al. 2000, BEN SALEM-FNAYOU et al. 2005), but none had evaluated the differences for this aspect between clones of the same cultivar. Recently some authors have found a strong correlation between the number and size of stomata and the susceptibility to downy mildew (LU et al. 2010). The aim of this work is to determine whether different clones of 'Albariño' differ in terms of their number and size of stomata and its possible relation with the different susceptibility to P. viticola of these same clones.Financial support from the Xunta de Galicia Research Projects (07MRU024403PR).Peer reviewe

Descripción de tres variedades de vid (Vitis vinifera L.) de cultivo tradicional en la zona de Betanzos (La Coruña)

2 páginas, 2 figuras.- Artículo publicado en revista de divulgación.-- et al.Este trabajo ha sido financiado en parte por todos los proyectos de Recursos Fitogenéticos disfrutados por el grupo de investigación a lo largo de los años (RF99-010; RF02-004-C5-2; RF2008-00002-C02). Otra parte muy importante de la financiación (durante los últimos años), ha corrido a cargo de la Fundación Juana de Vega.Peer reviewe