Estudio de las capacidades cognoscitivas en el fútbol-sala

Este estudio tuvo como objeto analizar la conducta cognoscitiva de los jugadores de fútbolsala, verificando de que forma se producen las modificaciones en el pensamiento táctico tras el desarrollo de un programa de entrenamiento específico de las capacidades de percepción, anticipación y toma de decisiones. Se llevó a cabo una investigación de carácter experimental con dos grupos de atletas practicantes de fútbol-sala: un grupo de control y un grupo experimental en el que se realizó un entrenamiento específico de las capacidades cognoscitivas. Se utilizó un test para medir la capacidad de concentración de los atletas, una prueba para medir la capacidad de captar senales importantes en situación de juego resuelta, un test para medir la capacidad de elaboración de esquemas en situaciones concretas de juego y un test para medir la capacidad para captar y procesar información bajo la presión de un tiempo limitado para emitir la respuesta. Los resultados obtenidos indican que el entrenamiento específico de las capacidades cognoscitivas es más eficaz para el desarrollo de las mismas que el entrenamiento tradicional basado en el desarrollo de las capacidades físicas y técnicas, optimizando la resolución de situaciones-problema en secuencia con intervalos de tiempo reducidas. Se pone además de manifiesto que el volumen de entrenamiento no garantiza la calidad en el aprendizaje cognoscitivo ni una mejora del rendimiento cognoscitivo en el fútbol-sala y que el entrenamiento específico no edad y la experiencia para el desarrollo de las capacidades cognoscitivas de los atletas.The purpose of our study was to analyze cognoscitive behaviour of indoor soccer players, verifying how modifications in tactical thinking develop with an specific programme for training capacities of perception, anticipation and decision making. The investigation was carried out with two groups of players: a control group and a experimental group with specific training of cognitive capacities. Concentration capacity, capacity for picking up important signals in playing situations, capacity of scheme elaboration and capacity for processing information under limited time were studied by specific tests. Results obtained indicate that specific training of cognitive capacities results more efficient in terms of its development that a traditional training based in development of physical and technical capacities and that there is an optimization of the solution of problem situations in sequence with reduced time intervals. Training volume does not guarantee quality of cognitive learning and specific training is not dependent on age or experience for the development of cognitive capacities

Avaliação das injúrias causadas por Anastrepha fraterculus (Wied.) sobre a incidência de podridões de cachos em videira da cv. ‘Itália’ em cultivo protegido.

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito da associação entre as injúrias causadas pela mosca-das-frutas sul-americana (MFSA) A. fraterculus com Botrytis cinerea e Glomerella cingulata na cultura da videira.Resumo

Interações tritróficas entre moscas-das-frutas (Diptera: Tephritidae), seus hospedeiros e parasitoides (Hymenoptera) e avaliação de atrativos para o monitoramento na Região da Serra Gaúcha, RS.

Dissertação (Mestrado em Fitossanidade) - Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fitossanidade, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas. Orientado por Dr. Flávio ROberto Mello Garcia, co-orientado por Marcos Botton, CNPUV

Development of glass-stalks-unsaturated polyester hybrid composites

The aim of this study is to investigate the possibility to use agro-residues of the vinification process as a cheaper and eco-friendly fillers to prepare unsaturated polyester composites for interior design building sector. Experimental unsaturated polyester–based resin composite samples, reinforced with grape stalks, were prepared by a simple casting technique. The glass microspheres were added in the mixing to increase the mechanical and physical properties of the final materials. A silane coupling agent was used to increase the interface adhesion between resin and grape stalks. The samples were subjected to several tests. Unfilled samples were analyzed by Differential Scanning calorimetry (DSC). Prepared silanized and non-silanized composites were completely characterized in order to study the effect of stalk fibers concentration on the mechanical, chemical and physical properties. The results showed that mechanical and physical properties for silanized composites were superior to non-silanized composites. The presence of stalks, up to 50% wt. increased Young's Modulus preserving a satisfactory tensile strength and hardness in comparison with the neat resin properties. Then, the final results showed that grape stalks from winemaking can be satisfactory used as natural filler resource to produce composites for interior furniture

A REDUCED KINETIC MECHANISM FOR PROPANE FLAMES

Propane is one of the simplest hydrocarbons that can be a representative of higher hydrocarbons used in many applications. Therefore, this work develops a ten-step reduced kinetic mechanism among 14 reactive species for the propane combustion. The model is based on the solution of the flamelet equations. The equations are discretized using the second-order space finite difference method, using LES (Large-Eddy Simulation). Obtained results compare favorably with data in the literature for a propane jet diffusion flame. The main advantage of this strategy is the decrease of the work needed to solve the system of governing equations

Técnica de criação de Anastrepha fraterculus (Wied., 1830) (Diptera: Tephritidae) em laboratório utilizando hospedeiro natural.

Uma técnica para criação de todas as fases de desenvolvimento da mosca-das-frutas sul-americana, Anastrepha fraterculus (Wied., 1830) (Diptera: Tephritidae), em laboratório (T 24 ± 2°C; UR 70 ± 10% e fotofase 16 horas) utilizando dieta natural foi avaliada e descrita. Os adultos foram criados em gaiolas plásticas de polietileno transparente (41 x 29,5 x 30 cm) e alimentados com dieta artificial contendo extrato de soja, açúcar mascavo e gérmen de trigo, nas proporções de 3:1:1, além de água. Em cada gaiola, foi utilizada uma densidade média de 167 ± 25 casais. As fêmeas ovipositaram em frutos de mamão-papaia (Carica papaya L.) trocados a intervalos de 48 horas e mantidos em caixas plásticas (37 x 14 x 29 cm) com fundo coberto por vermiculita. Sobre a camada de vermiculita, foi colocada uma tela plástica de malha de 2 mm, para facilitar a retirada dos restos de mamão desidratado após o desenvolvimento larval. As larvas completaram o desenvolvimento no mamão passando à fase de pupa após 15 ± 2 dias. Em cada mamão (401 ± 16 gramas), foram coletadas 168 ± 27 pupas, obtendo-se 385 ± 44 pupas (viabilidade de 95 ± 2%) por semana, com peso médio de 1,33 ± 0,05 gramas a cada 100 pupas. Os insetos obtidos podem ser destinados a condução de bioensaios ou na manutenção da criação. A metodologia descrita permite o desenvolvimento de uma geração (ovo-adulto) a cada 32 ± 2 dias, perfazendo aproximadamente 11 gerações/ano.bitstream/item/31529/1/bop015.pd

Host plant effects on the development, survival, and reproduction of dysmicoccus brevipes (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) on grapevines.

Dysmicoccus brevipes (Cockerell, 1893) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is one of the most frequent and abundant mealybugs in Brazilian vineyards, where it causes direct and indirect damage to the vines. In this study, we investigated the effect of plant structures, cultivars, and vine rootstocks on the development, survival, and reproduction of D. brevipes under laboratory conditions. Leaves of the tablegrape cultivar ÔIta´liaÕ (Vitis vinifera) and ÔNia´gara RosadaÕ (Vitis labrusca) and the vine roots of the rootstocks Paulsen 1103 (Vitis berlandieriV. rupestris) and IAC 572 (Vitis caribaea101-14 Mgt) were used as host plants. D. brevipes developed on different vegetative structures, cultivars, and vine rootstocks. D. brevipes showed the shortest developmental period and highest survival and fecundity rates on leaves of cultivar Ita´lia. Survival on leaves was signiÞcantly higher than on roots. Roots of IAC 572 were unsuitable for D. brevipes development, resulting in nonreproductive females.ThemealybugsÕ longevityonleaves and vine roots was similar. Higher intrinsic and Þnite rates of increase and net reproductive rate were observed whenmealybugs developed on Ita´lia leaves.Weconcluded that the host plant affects the development and survival of D. brevipes and that the choice of the most appropriate cultivar or vine rootstock can help to reduce pest infestation, and is therefore an additional component to be included in the integrated pest management of grapes