Juggling Priorities: Female Mating Tactics in P hayre's Leaf Monkeys

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/91119/1/ajp22004.pd

Structural Characterization of the Extracellular Domain of CASPR2 and Insights into Its Association with the Novel Ligand Contactin1

Contactin-associated protein-like 2 (CNTNAP2) encodes for CASPR2, a multidomain single transmembrane protein belonging to the neurexin superfamily that has been implicated in a broad range of human phenotypes including autism and language impairment. Using a combination of biophysical techniques, including small angle x-ray scattering, single particle electron microscopy, analytical ultracentrifugation, and bio-layer interferometry, we present novel structural and functional data that relate the architecture of the extracellular domain of CASPR2 to a previously unknown ligand, Contactin1 (CNTN1). Structurally, CASPR2 is highly glycosylated and has an overall compact architecture. Functionally, we show that CASPR2 associates with micromolar affinity with CNTN1 but, under the same conditions, it does not interact with any of the other members of the contactin family. Moreover, by using dissociated hippocampal neurons we show that microbeads loaded with CASPR2, but not with a deletion mutant, co-localize with transfected CNTN1, suggesting that CNTN1 is an endogenous ligand for CASPR2. These data provide novel insights into the structure and function of CASPR2, suggesting a complex role of CASPR2 in the nervous system

Climatology of Mid-latitude Ionospheric Disturbances from the Very Large Array Low-frequency Sky Survey

The results of a climatological study of ionospheric disturbances derived from observations of cosmic sources from the Very Large Array (VLA) Low-frequency Sky Survey (VLSS) are presented. We have used the ionospheric corrections applied to the 74 MHz interferometric data within the VLSS imaging process to obtain fluctuation spectra for the total electron content (TEC) gradient on spatial scales from a few to hundreds of kilometers and temporal scales from less than one minute to nearly an hour. The observations sample nearly all times of day and all seasons. They also span latitudes and longitudes from 28 deg. N to 40 deg. N and 95 deg. W to 114 deg. W, respectively. We have binned and averaged the fluctuation spectra according to time of day, season, and geomagnetic (Kp index) and solar (F10.7) activity. These spectra provide a detailed, multi-scale account of seasonal and intraday variations in ionospheric activity with wavelike structures detected at wavelengths between about 35 and 250 km. In some cases, trends between spectral power and Kp index and/or F10.7 are also apparent. In addition, the VLSS observations allow for measurements of the turbulent power spectrum down to periods of 40 seconds (scales of ~0.4 km at the height of the E-region). While the level of turbulent activity does not appear to have a strong dependence on either Kp index or F10.7, it does appear to be more pronounced during the winter daytime, summer nighttime, and near dusk during the spring.Comment: accepted for publication in Radio Scienc

Molecular details of a starch utilization pathway in the human gut symbiont Eubacterium rectale

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/110609/1/mmi12859.pd

Nanometer To Millimeter Scale Peptide-porphyrin Materials

AQ-Pal14 is a 30-residue polypeptide that was designed to form an alpha-helical coiled coil that contains a metal-binding 4-pyridylalanine residue on its solvent-exposed surface. However, characterization of this peptide shows that it exists as a three-stranded coiled coil, not a two-stranded one as predicted from its design. Reaction with cobalt(III) protoporphyrin IX (Co-PPIX) produces a six-coordinate Co-PPIX(AQ-Pal 14)(2) species that creates two coiled-coil oligomerization domains Coordinated to opposite laces of the porphyrin ring. It is found that this species undergoes a buffer-dependent Self-assembly process: nanometer-scale globular materials were formed when these components were reacted in unbuffered H(2)O, while millimeter-scale, rod-like materials were prepared when the reaction was performed in phosphate buffer (20 mM, pH 7). It is suggested that assembly of the globular material is dictated by the conformational properties of the coiled-coil forming AQ-Pal14 peptide, whereas that a the rod-like material involves interactions between Co-PPIX and phosphate ion

Modelos estatísticos para avaliação da qualidade culinária de arroz: textura e propriedades viscoamilográficas.

Buscou-se verificar a relação existente entre medidas de textura sensorial e instrumental; minimizar a quantidade de medidas de perfil viscoamilográfico (gelatinização, viscosidade e tendência à retrogradação do amido) necessária para explicar as medidas de textura sensorial; comparar e identificar modelos estatísticos que melhor representem a relação entre medidas de textura sensorial e viscoamilográficas, a fim de propor alternativas para a classificação de textura do arroz cozido na seleção de linhagens promissoras em programas de melhoramento genético

Estudo de avaliação sensorial de pegajosidade de arroz.

O presente estudo consiste da análise estatística de 4 amostras diferentes de arroz irrigado com base em notas atribuídas por um painel sensorial treinado. Três avaliadores atribuíram notas de pegajosidade numa escala hedônica variando de 1 (muito pegajoso) a 7 (muito solto), em diferentes épocas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar se os avaliadores eram consistentes em suas avaliações entre as amostras e entre seus pares

Structure of the Hsp110:Hsc70 nucleotide exchange machine.

Hsp70s mediate protein folding, translocation, and macromolecular complex remodeling reactions. Their activities are regulated by proteins that exchange ADP for ATP from the nucleotide-binding domain (NBD) of the Hsp70. These nucleotide exchange factors (NEFs) include the Hsp110s, which are themselves members of the Hsp70 family. We report the structure of an Hsp110:Hsc70 nucleotide exchange complex. The complex is characterized by extensive protein:protein interactions and symmetric bridging interactions between the nucleotides bound in each partner protein\u27s NBD. An electropositive pore allows nucleotides to enter and exit the complex. The role of nucleotides in complex formation and dissociation, and the effects of the protein:protein interactions on nucleotide exchange, can be understood in terms of the coupled effects of the nucleotides and protein:protein interactions on the open-closed isomerization of the NBDs. The symmetrical interactions in the complex may model other Hsp70 family heterodimers in which two Hsp70s reciprocally act as NEFs

Ajuste de escalas de classificação de arroz cozido para avaliação de pegajosidade e dureza.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi ajustar e redefinir as notas e padrões da escala sensorial de classificação da textura do arroz cozido, a fim de facilitar a compreensão dos painelistas e aproximar os resultados laboratoriais da análise feita pelas indústria

Ajuste de escalas de classificação de arroz cozido para avaliação de pegajosidade e dureza.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi ajustar e redefinir as notas e padrões da escala sensorial de classificação da textura do arroz cozido