Краудфандінг в високотехнологічному підприємництві

The purpose of the paper is to provide the characteristics of crowdfunding as an alternative financial instrument, to disclose difference between the concepts of crowdsourcing, crowdfunding and crowdinvesting, to develop crowdfunding classification for systematization information with a view to realizing further more detailed researches. Together with scientific value is worth noting the practical value of the paper, which is in the elaboration of guidelines for the development of small business in Ukraine due to the using of crowdfunding models.Стаття присвячена опису характеристик краудфандінга як альтернативного фінансового інструменту, розкриття різниці між концепціями краудсорсингу, краудфандінга і краудінвестінга, розробці класифікації краудфдандінга для систематизації інформації з метою реалізації подальших більш детальних досліджень. Разом з науковою цінністю варто відзначити практичну цінність статті, яка полягає в розробці керівних принципів для розвитку малого бізнесу в Україні за рахунок використання моделей краудфандінга

Morphology and Genetics of the Ciscoes (Actinopterygii: Salmoniformes: Salmonidae: Coregoninae: Coregonus) from the Solovetsky Archipelago (White Sea) as a Key to Determination of the Taxonomic Position of Ciscoes in Northeastern Europe

Background: The characteristic feature of the genus <i>Coregonus</i> is the multitude of nominal species of obscure identity. The northeastern Europe is inhabited by, inter alia—the vendace, <i>Coregonus albula</i> (Linnaeus, 1758)—considered the European cisco—and the least cisco, <i>C. sardinella</i> Valenciennes, 1848—often referred to as the Siberian species. There is a large area in where the ranges of both species overlap. Using morphological- as well as genetic tools we attempted to test the working hypothesis that the <i>Coregonus</i> fish (ciscoes) inhabiting the above-mentioned transitional zone represent a single species. Materials and methods: Within 1995–2009 we collected 344 ciscoes from five lakes in Bolshoy Solovetsky Island and determined diagnostic morphological traits for the two species. For some samples, the polymorphism of the creatine kinase isoloci (<i>CK-A1,2</i>*) and the fragment of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) encoding the subunit 1 of NADH-dehydrogenize complex (<i>ND-1</i> fragment) was also studied. Results: According to one of the main taxonomical characteristics—the number of vertebrae—the cisco of Solovetsky Island occupies an intermediate position between <i>C. albula</i> and <i>C. sardinella</i>. The molecular markers,however, did not reveal any differences between the ciscoes of Bolshoy Solovetsky Island and the vendace found elsewhere. All specimens had the type allele of creatine kinase <i>(CK-A*100)</i> which was considered to be typical for C. albula at other locations as well as the haplotype E of mtDNA widespread in vendace populations. Conclusion: The cisco from Solovetsky Island is more similar to typical vendace. Differences in some morphological traits between Solovetsky Island populations and the vendace from elsewhere are likely to reflect adaptation to environmental conditions. Thus it appears that morphological criteria do not allow reliable differentiation between two forms of ciscoes as well as between least cisco and vendace because they are influenced by environmental conditions. We believe that the presence of populations with intermediate features is a strong argument for combining <i>C. albula</i> and <i>C. sardinella</i> into a single species (<i>C. albula</i>)

Model for Predicting Risk of Postpartum Purulent-Inflammatory Complications after Cesarean Section: Cohort Retrospective Study

Background. Relevance of the study is related to the lack of a unified strategy for determining the risk of infectious complications of puerperium. Currently, the specialists use the collected data from studies documenting the main factors of infection in a population or cohorts of postpartum women. However, accuracy of these factors is not established and prognosis could not be personalized. The paper analyzes significant risk factors for the infectious complications associated with cesarean section (C-Section) and develops a model for their prognosis and an individual assessment of the risk of postpartum infection in order to take timely preventive measures. Objective. To identify predictors of postpartum purulent-inflammatory complications after cesarean section, to evaluate their predictive value, and to develop a statistical model for determining the risk of their occurrence.Methods. The cohort retrospective study (January 2019 to January 2022) was conducted in four obstetric health facilities of Krasnodar and was focused on analysis of medical records. Anamnestic, clinical and laboratory data of all women after cesarean section delivery were collected. Model: a patient diagnosed with any infection associated with cesarean section within 42 days after delivery — postoperative suture infection, endometritis, peritonitis, thrombophlebitis, sepsis. Infections were grouped to carry out a single risk assessment with an internal validation test and to develop a multifactor logistic regression model. All analyses were conducted using version R 3.2.3 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL) and Transparent Reporting of a multivariable prediction model for Individual Prognosis Or Diagnosis (TRIPOD).Results. Infection associated with cesarean section occurred in 2.50% of women (n = 548; 95% CI 2.6–3.5), suture disruption — in 0.59% (n = 129; 95%, CI 0.41–0.81), endometritis — 1.46% (n = 321; 95%, CI 1.15–1.94), peritonitis — 0.16% (n = 35; 95%, CI 0.11–0.20), thrombophlebitis 0.04% (n = 9; 95%, CI 0.01–0.05), sepsis 0.25% (n = 54; 95%, CI 0.15–0.35). The authors have identified 14 major variables with a high prognostic risk for the development of infectious complications of puerperium. The model differentiated women with and without purulent inflammatory complications of puerperium by internal validation (concordance index = 0.712, 95%, CI 0.672–0.755).Conclusion. The developed model can be used to accurately predict the risk of infectious complications after abdominal delivery and to identify high-risk patients. It ensures a differentiated approach with a possibility to expand studies and strengthen antibiotic therapy, which promotes reduction of surgical site puerperal infection

Vibrational spectroscopy of GdCr3(BO3)4: Quantitative separation of crystalline phases

This work is devoted to the investigation of GdCr3(BO3)4 crystals by the method of infrared spectroscopy. Incongruently melting borate GdCr3(BO3)4 was obtained as a result of spontaneous crystallization. Crystal structures were identified by the method of infrared spectroscopy. Ab initio calculations in the frame of density functional theory enabled us to separate modes belonging to the R32 and C2/c phases and to estimate the ratio of these phases in GdCr3(BO3)4 crystals. We have found that the content of the rhombohedral R32 (non- centrosymmetric) modification is about 85%. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd

Methodology for knowledge portals development: background, foundations, experience of application, problems and prospects

The paper discusses an experience of using the methodology for the development of knowledge portals which provide systematization and integration of scientific and engineering knowledge and information resources as well as the content-based access to them. To provide a sufficiently complete and consistent representation of knowledge and information resources, their systematization and integration are performed on the basis of ontology. The suggested methodology has been successfully applied to the development of knowledge Internet portals on archaeology, computational linguistics, strength of materials and Antarctic data

Dynamics of indicators of quality of life during surgical treatment of metastatic lesions

The article presents the dynamics of indicators of quality of life associated with the health of metastases of the spinal column in the postoperative period.В статье представлена динамика показателей качества жизни, связанных со здоровьем, у пациентов с метастазами позвоночного столба в послеоперационном периоде

PECULIARITIES OF THE KRASNODAR REGION’S TEENAGERS’ NEUROLOGICAL STATUS

The aim of this scientific work is detecting of neurological pathology among first grade students. We examined 2507 students (1414 male and 1093 female) in the age from 16 to 18 in the process of deep medical examination. We collected neurological complains, neurostatus, analyses of medical documentation. This data was statistically handled. Therefore 80% of students had neurological pathology. The most frequent cases were vegetative-vascular dystonia, vertebrogenic pathology and essential headache. The gained data means the very high level of neurological disease among students, which shows not only importance of rehabilitation activities, but modernization of preventive activities among adolescences

The alpha 7 nicotinic receptor agonist PHA-543613 hydrochloride inhibits <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i>-induced expression of interleukin-8 by oral keratinocytes

Objective: The alpha 7 nicotinic receptor (α7nAChR) is expressed by oral keratinocytes. α7nAChR activation mediates anti-inflammatory responses. The objective of this study was to determine if α7nAChR activation inhibited pathogen-induced interleukin-8 (IL-8) expression by oral keratinocytes.&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt; Materials and methods: Periodontal tissue expression of α7nAChR was determined by real-time PCR. OKF6/TERT-2 oral keratinocytes were exposed to &lt;i&gt;Porphyromonas gingivalis&lt;/i&gt; in the presence and absence of a α7nAChR agonist (PHA-543613 hydrochloride) alone or after pre-exposure to a specific α7nAChR antagonist (α-bungarotoxin). Interleukin-8 (IL-8) expression was measured by ELISA and real-time PCR. Phosphorylation of the NF-κB p65 subunit was determined using an NF-κB p65 profiler assay and STAT-3 activation by STAT-3 in-cell ELISA. The release of ACh from oral keratinocytes in response to &lt;i&gt;P. gingivalis&lt;/i&gt; lipopolysaccharide was determined using a GeneBLAzer M3 CHO-K1-blacell reporter assay.&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt; Results: Expression of α7nAChR mRNA was elevated in diseased periodontal tissue. PHA-543613 hydrochloride inhibited &lt;i&gt;P. Gingivalis&lt;/i&gt;-induced expression of IL-8 at the transcriptional level. This effect was abolished when cells were pre-exposed to a specific α7nAChR antagonist, α-bungarotoxin. PHA-543613 hydrochloride downregulated NF-κB signalling through reduced phosphorylation of the NF-κB p65-subunit. In addition, PHA-543613 hydrochloride promoted STAT-3 signalling by maintenance of phosphorylation. Furthermore, oral keratinocytes upregulated ACh release in response to &lt;i&gt;P. Gingivalis&lt;/i&gt; lipopolysaccharide.&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt; Conclusion: These data suggest that α7nAChR plays a role in regulating the innate immune responses of oral keratinocytes.&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt

High Tc superconductivity at a critical strain and charge density in diborides

We report variation of lattice structure in diborides (AB2) with different A atoms to identify the special case of MgB2 showing high Tc superconductivity. High purity MgB2 (Tc~39 K) has been prepared by direct reaction of the elements and the lattice parameters are measured by x-ray diffraction determining the strain e of the B-B distance. The results show that the superconductivity in these intermetallics appear near a critical point in a two variables (strain and charge density) phase diagram at (ec, rc).Comment: 10 page

Children tumors of the base of the skull. Surgical treatment and evaluation of results

The purpose of the study is to assess the incidence of skull base tumors and the results of surgical treatment.Цель исследования – оценка встречаемости опухолей основания черепа и результатов хирургического лечения