Parâmetros genéticos de características de crescimento em bovinos da raça Tabapuã

O objetivo desta revisão de literatura é compilar informações e reunir resultados de estimativas de parâmetros genéticos para características de crescimento de bovinos da raça Tabapuã, as características foram: peso ao nascimento (PN), peso a desmame (PD), peso ao ano (PA) e peso ao sobreano (PS). As características de crescimento são de grande importância para a produção animal e tem despertado interesse de pesquisadores da área de melhoramento genético animal. Na literatura, diferentes estimativas de parâmetros genéticos foram encontradas, onde a grande maioria é de média a alta magnitude, mostrando grande variabilidade genética, indicando que é um bom indicador de resposta à seleção. Dessa forma é relevante o conhecimento dos parâmetros genéticos para estas características em bovinos da raça Tabapuã, visto que esta raça nos últimos tempos vem contribuindo para o incremento na pecuária de corte brasileira

Diversidade fenotípica e qualidade das carcaças de caprinos crioulos com potencial genético quanto à resistência à verminose

The objective of this work was to phenotypically characterize creole goats of the Moxotó, Azul, Canindé, Repartida, Marota, and Graúna breeds, comparing them with the Boer, Anglo Nubian, and Alpine exotic breeds, to identify the genetic groups of greater potential for carcass quality and resistance to infection caused by worm. Data on morphometric measurements were obtained for the count of worm eggs in grams of feces (WEGF), Famacha score, carcass measurements, and body weight from 308 animals, in a farm in the state of Piauí, Brazil. Repartida goats showed the highest average for wither height (61.55 cm) and rump height (62.16 cm), and Moxotó goats had the greatest ear length (13.45 cm). The Moxotó breed showed the highest means for carcass and body weight. The lowest average for body weight was observed in Azul goats (24.35 kg), and the lowest WEGF was detected in Repartida goats (200 eggs per gram of feces). The average Famacha score was 2.77. Average linkage was the method that best summarized the information on the morphometric and carcass data. The use of morphometric and carcass measurements provides satisfactory results in the phenotypic characterization of the animals. The Brazilian creole goats, which are considered resistant to worm infection and show high-quality carcass traits, may be indicated for conservation and genetic breeding programs.O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar fenotipicamente caprinos crioulos das raças Moxotó, Azul, Canindé, Repartida, Marota e Graúna, em comparação às raças exóticas Boer, Anglo Nubiana e Alpina, para identificar grupos genéticos de maior potencial para qualidade de carcaça e resistência à verminose. Dados de medidas morfométricas foram obtidos quanto à contagem de ovos de vermes por grama de fezes (OVGF), ao escore Famacha, às medidas de carcaça e ao peso corporal de 308 animais de uma fazenda no Estado do Piauí. Os caprinos Repartida apresentaram a maior média de altura de cernelha (61,55 cm) e altura de garupa (62,16 cm), e os caprinos Moxotó, o maior comprimento de orelha (13,45 cm). A raça Moxotó apresentou as maiores médias de carcaça e peso corporal. O menor peso corporal médio foi dos caprinos Azul (24,35 kg), e o menor valor de OVGF foi o dos caprinos Repartida (200 ovos por grama de fezes). Para o escore Famacha, a média foi 2,77. O método da ligação média foi o que melhor resumiu a informação dos dados morfométricos e de carcaça. O uso de medidas morfométricas e de carcaça apresentou resultados satisfatórios na caracterização fenotípica dos animais. Os caprinos crioulos, considerados resistentes à verminose e com características de carcaça de boa qualidade, poderão ser indicados para programas de conservação e melhoramento genético

Covariance Genetic Estimates For Features Tabapuã Growth In Brazil

This review aimed to estimate covariance components for Tabapuã the growth characteristics in Brazil, using random regression models. The random regression models (MRA) make it possible to estimate coefficients of the covariance functions by the method of restricted maximum likelihood. These are suitable for longitudinal data analysis models, because of the deficiencies of conventional methods of quantitative genetic analysis, which are considered phenotypic values inherently continuous processes, as discrete processes. The covariance functions show the statistical correlation between two features of a trajectory at different points of same, ie that present in the arrangement have the same direction and magnitude. With the current concern of cutting bovinocultores regarding the growth of animals, the use of methods or techniques that provide increasingly accurate assessments of genetic parameters to be used in studying the development of animals for meat production is relevan

APPLICATION OF RANDOM REGRESSION MODELS FOR GROWTH TRAITS OF NELLORE CATTLE IN BRAZIL

The purpose of this review is to show the increase in number of researches on covariance components and genetic evaluation using random regression models (RRM) for growth traits of Nellore cattle. Random regression models, also known as infinite-dimension models have been used to estimate variance components and genetic parameters for weight of beef cattle. In addition, those models are a standard alternative for genetic analyses of longitudinal data, however, the availibility of computational resources for performing genetic evaluations widely is an obstacle. Traits related to animal growth are adopted as selection criteria in beef cattle breeding programs, because the remuneration of cattle breeders is made based on the weight of carcasses. In recent years, RRM have been adopted as standard procedure in relation to the analysis of longitudinal data in animal breeding

EVALUATION OF THE MILK PRODUCTION OF SAANEN GOATS IN BRAZIL

The objective of this research was to evaluate the production of milk and goat production systems of the Saanen breed in Brazil. Dairy goat farming is being established in the Brazilian semiarid as a profitable agricultural activity with aptitude for the north-eastern semiarid, where it is not required a lot of investments and large areas for development of this activity, and for these reasons, it is one of the alternatives suitable for generation of employment and income in rural areas, especially for small and medium farmers who live in agrarian reform settlements and traditional rural communities. Thus, it is necessary to increase the milk production of goats through the use of animals from specialized breeds, as the Brazilian genetic material is heterogeneous and not specialized for this activity.The objective of this research was to evaluate the production of milk and goat production systems of the Saanen breed in Brazil. Dairy goat farming is being established in the Brazilian semiarid as a profitable agricultural activity with aptitude for the north-eastern semiarid, where it is not required a lot of investments and large areas for development of this activity, and for these reasons, it is one of the alternatives suitable for generation of employment and income in rural areas, especially for small and medium farmers who live in agrarian reform settlements and traditional rural communities. Thus, it is necessary to increase the milk production of goats through the use of animals from specialized breeds, as the Brazilian genetic material is heterogeneous and not specialized for this activity

Ectoparasitismo por Struthiolipeurus rheae (Harrison, 1916) em emas criadas em cativeiro

Os malófagos são piolhos mastigadores, encontrados em aves e mamíferos. Nas emas (Rhea americana) podem causar grandes prejuízos ao comércio, devido à perda da qualidade das plumas, danificação das penas, lesões na pele e debilidade. Sendo assim, objetiva-se com o estudo relatar a infestação por piolhos em emas criadas em cativeiro. Os piolhos foram preservados em álcool 70%, clarificados com lactofenol e montadas as lâminas para observação em microscópio óptico. Nas emas observou-se alterações como desidratação, pele descamada e áspera, penas deformadas, falhadas e opacas e presença de piolhos malófagos da espécie Struthiolipeurus rheae

Características termorreguladoras de ovinos da raça Dorper criados em condições climáticas de Meio-Norte do Brasil / Thermoregulatory characteristics of Dorper sheep reared in climatic conditions in the Mid-North region of Brazil

O objetivo com esse estudo foi avaliar as respostas fisiológicas de ovinos da raça Dorper criados em condições climáticas de Meio-Norte do Brasil. Para isso, foram utilizadas 12 fêmeas em idade adulta com peso de 35,00±5,00 kg distribuídas em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com quatro tratamentos compostos por diferentes horários do dia, e 12 repetições por tratamento. Foram mensurados os parâmetros fisiológicos, frequência respiratória (FR), frequência cardíaca (FC), temperatura retal (TR) e temperatura superficial média (TSM) dos animais e as variáveis climáticas, temperatura (TA) e umidade relativa do ar (UA). O índice de temperatura de globo negro e umidade (ITGU) foi calculado usando os valores da temperatura do termômetro de globo negro e do ponto de orvalho. A análise revelou efeito de horário do dia (P<0,05) para as variáveis climáticas, o ITGU e os parâmetros fisiológicos estudados. Os animais apresentaram nos horários das 11:00 às 11:30 h e das 14:30 às 15:00 h as maiores médias para o parâmetro TSM. Mas, não houve diferença significativa (P>0,05) entre os horários do dia para os parâmetros FR e FC. Os animais criados nas condições climáticas de Meio-Norte do Brasil conseguiram manter a temperatura corporal dentro do limite basal médio em detrimento do aumento das frequências respiratória e cardíaca

Covariance Genetic Estimates For Features Tabapuã Growth In Brazil

This review aimed to estimate covariance components for Tabapuã the growth characteristics in Brazil, using random regression models. The random regression models (MRA) make it possible to estimate coefficients of the covariance functions by the method of restricted maximum likelihood. These are suitable for longitudinal data analysis models, because of the deficiencies of conventional methods of quantitative genetic analysis, which are considered phenotypic values inherently continuous processes, as discrete processes. The covariance functions show the statistical correlation between two features of a trajectory at different points of same, ie that present in the arrangement have the same direction and magnitude. With the current concern of cutting bovinocultores regarding the growth of animals, the use of methods or techniques that provide increasingly accurate assessments of genetic parameters to be used in studying the development of animals for meat production is relevan

Application of random regression models for growth traits of nellore cattle in brazil

The purpose of this review is to show the increase in number of researches on covariance components and genetic evaluation using random regression models (RRM) for growth traits of Nellore cattle. Random regression models, also known as infinite-dimension models have been used to estimate variance components and genetic parameters for weight of beef cattle. In addition, those models are a standard alternative for genetic analyses of longitudinal data, however, the availibility of computational resources for performing genetic evaluations widely is an obstacle. Traits related to animal growth are adopted as selection criteria in beef cattle breeding programs, because the remuneration of cattle breeders is made based on the weight of carcasses. In recent years, RRM have been adopted as standard procedure in relation to the analysis of longitudinal data in animal breeding