Regional analysis of maximum rainfall using L-moment and TL-moment: a comparative case study for the north East India

In this study it has been tried to develop a suitable model for maximum rainfall frequency analysis of the North East India using best fit probability distribution. The methods of L-moment have been employed for estimation of five probability distributions, namely Generalized extreme value (GEV), Generalized Logistic (GLO), Pearson type 3 (PE3), 3 parameter Log normal (LN3) and Generalized Pareto (GPA) distributions. The methods TL-moment have been used for estimating the parameters of three probability distributions namely Generalized extreme value (GEV), Generalized Logistic (GLO) and Generalized Pareto (GPA) distributions. PE3 distribution has been selected as the best fit distribution using L-moment and GPA distribution using TL-moment method. Relative root mean square error (RRMSE) and Relative Bias (RBIAS) are employed to compare between the results found from L-moment and TL-moment analysis. It is found that PE3 distribution designated by L-moment method is the most suitable and the best fit distribution for rainfall frequency analysis of the North East India. Also the L-moment method is significantly more efficient than TL-moment

Internationalization of transnational entrepreneurial firms from an advanced to emerging economy: the role of transnational mixed-embeddedness

Purpose: This study investigates the role of transnational mixed-embeddedness when transnational entrepreneurial firms (TEFs) become internationalized. First-generation immigrant entrepreneurs who maintain business arrangements in their home and host countries own TEFs. In many cases, they internationalize from emerging economies to advanced economies. Nevertheless, this study focuses on TEF cases that internationalize from an advanced to an emerging economy, which prior transnational entrepreneurship studies have largely overlooked. Design/methodology/approach: This research uses a qualitative approach based on six TEF case studies from Canada and the UK venturing into China to explore TEFs' internationalization. Findings: The case studies explore the elements that constitute TEFs' cognitive and relational embeddedness—two main types of embeddedness—in home and host countries and how TEFs exploit such embeddedness for their internationalization. The results suggest that high levels of transnational mixed-embeddedness help TEFs reduce resource and institutional distance barriers in home countries, thereby assisting their internationalization. A framework that visualizes the role of transnational mixed-embeddedness in TEFs' internationalization and novel categorizations of transnational mixed-embeddedness is proposed. Originality/value: Although there has been a growing demand for research on the emergence of internationalized smaller firms, there have been few empirical efforts on TEFs' internationalization. It is still unclear how TEFs internationalize differently than homegrown entrepreneurial firms. This study fills this gap in transnational entrepreneurship literature by examining the influence of transnational mixed-embeddedness on TEFs' internationalization

How do executive excess compensation affect enterprise technological innovation: evidence from a panel threshold model of Chinese biopharmaceutical companies

This study examines the levels of executive excess compensation (EEC) that stimulate the quality and efficiency of enterprise technology innovation (ETI). Using a behavioral agency perspective, we investigate how companies achieve superior ETI by providing sufficient incentives to motivate executives to perform to the best of their abilities. We use a panel threshold model based on a sample of Chinese-listed biopharmaceutical companies and find that: (1) providing an EEC between 0.0592 and 0.1907 significantly affects the promotion of ETI quality; (2) regarding ETI efficiency, executives generally do not receive the compensation that they deserve; and (3) the existing EEC has a weak negative impact on ETI efficiency, gradually disappearing as compensation increases. Heterogeneity analysis reveals that restricting EEC to the eastern area and strengthening the supervision of EEC in state-owned enterprises are effective measures for stimulating ETI. We advance the literature by providing guidance on compensation plans to companies in different regions

The use of social media in different phases of the new product development process: a systematic literature review

Using social media is high on the list of priorities for many firms looking to enhance their innovation performance in the different phases of the new product development (NPD) process. Mirroring this rising practical importance of using social media for NPD, scholars have presented a diverse range of perspectives and underscored the need for a systematic literature review. Accordingly, this study reviews 110 papers from 2002 to 2023, to synthesize the use of social media across three phases: discovery, development, and launch. Our analysis identifies nine NPD objectives that social media addresses and discusses challenges encountered. Building on this analysis, we develop an organizing framework to guide practitioners on how to adopt social media to achieve better NPD performance and propose directions for future research.</jats:p

Mills hemiparetic or hemiplegic variant of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Mills hemiplegic variant of Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a gradually progressive, spastic ascending or descending hemiparesis or hemiplegia without any sensory involvement. Authors presented a 47 years old female with history of gradually progressive left sided wasting of muscles including the tongue, left hemiparesis along with dysarthria and fasciculation’s of tongue and left sided muscles with left sided cortico-spinal tract signs of 2 years duration. There were no sensory as well as bowel bladder involvement. Her cognition was intact. Relevant blood and CSF examinations were within normal limit. MRI Brain and whole spine were unremarkable. Nerve conduction study was essentially normal. Electromyography(EMG) showed chronic denervation potentials which is in accordance to Revised El Escorial criteria, 2015 for the diagnosis of this extremely uncommon entity- Mills hemiplegic variant of ALS. The major challenge in diagnosis of this disease entity is to exclude other diseases/disorders that may mimic its symptomatology