The effects of physical activity or sport-based interventions on psychological factors in adults with intellectual disabilities: a systematic review

© 2019 MENCAP and International Association of the Scientific Study of Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities and John Wiley & Sons Ltd Background: Inactivity is a major factor contributing to adverse health in people with intellectual disabilities (IDs). While it is generally agreed that physical activity (PA)/sport-based interventions promote cognitive and social development in the general population, little is known about their specific benefits in adults with ID. The aims of this systematic review were (a) to examine the effects of PA/sport-based interventions on intention, motivation and attitude regarding PA/sport participation in adults with ID and (b) to investigate the influence of these psychological factors on behavioural change (e.g. PA level) and quality of life. Methods: A systematic review has been conducted searching four electronic databases (i.e. SCOPUS, Web of Science, PubMed and Cochrane Library). Studies were included if written in English, peer reviewed, had primary research data, and measured intention, motivation, attitude, behavioural outcomes or quality of life. Results: Thirteen articles met our inclusion criteria of which 10 explored the effects of PA/sport as part of a multi-component intervention. Most investigated outcomes were exercise self-efficacy and quality of life. Five studies measured exercise self-efficacy, and four of them found significant changes. One study found a significant improvement in quality of life and another study in life satisfaction. We observed lack of sport-based interventions, few data about people with severe ID and limited psychological measures. Conclusions: Personal and environmental factors are key components of behavioural change. Support of caregivers and individualised instructions may benefit exercise self-efficacy. There is lack of information about the effects of psychological factors on behavioural change and quality of life in adults with ID.This work was supported by an European Collaborative partnership Erasmus + Sport Programme (project name: Equal Sport For All; agreement number ESFA Project 2016‐3719/001‐001).Published versio

Review of Synergic Meteor Observations: Linking the Results from Cameras, Ionosondes, Infrasound and Seismic Detectors

The joint evaluation of different meteor observation types supports a better understanding of both meteor phenomena and the terrestrial atmosphere. Two types of examples are presented in this work, linking ionospheric effects to specific meteors, with almost one-third of the meteors that emerged at high altitudes simultaneously recorded with an optical camera. Very few such observations have been realized as yet. With daytime fireballs, the recorded infrasound effect and the atmospheric blast produced shock-wave-related small earthquakes which were identified by a network of ground stations. An overview of these observational types highlights specific topics for which substantial improvements and discoveries are expected in the near future

How could leader inspire front-line employee's trust and service performance in service team: Evidence from China

Conference Name:International Conference on Management and Service Science, MASS 2011. Conference Address: Wuhan, China. Time:August 12, 2011 - August 14, 2011.IEEE Wuhan Section; Wuhan University; Nankai University; Fuzhou University; University of Science and Technology BeijingBased on leader character-based and relationship-based perspectives, this paper explores the mechanisms that how team leader could inspire front-line employee's trust and service performance. Using 280 paired samples from 11 service teams, we found that team leader could enhance team member's service performance by leader honesty (character-based perspective) and leader-member exchange (relationship-based approach), which are mediated by follower's trust in their team leader. Implications for service team and HRM in leader training are discussed in the end. ? 2011 IEEE