Die wese, funksie en plek van die universiteit: die siening van J. Chris Coetzee

The essential nature, function and place of the university in society is being queried world-wide. This is nothing new, however, and therefore it would be valuable to get a historical perspective on the course of events, before investigating the problem areas. As an institution for higher education, a university takes its place in the centre of society. Therefore, since society as such periodically experiences change due to a number of different factors, a university too cannot escape change. It is important to bear in mind that every institution is characterised by specific attributes that are fundamental to its being and nature and which distinguish it from other institutions. According to J. Chris Coetzee the university is distinguished from other institutions by its training in the philosophy of the sciences, and also by an emphasis on research and on the practice of the sciences. By remaining true to these tenets on the one hand, and by, on the other hand, meeting needs within society in a specific manner (for example, hy including such need's within its curricula), the university can remain a centre of excellence and, while serving society, remain a true university

Use of E-Resources: Opinion about the Growth of Academic Development among the Engineering College faculty members in Tamilnadu, India

This study has made an attempt to analysis the engineering college faculty members use of electronic resources and its impact of academic growth in Namakkal district in Tamilnadu. Based on the aim, survey method is applied and standard, structured and pretested questionnaire as a tool of this study. Percentage analysis, one-way ANOVA and post-host statistical tools are used for data analysis. Pie and bar charts also used for data representation. 1070 fully filled questionnaires received from the respondents. Among the total sample, 618(57.767) respondents are male and 425(42.243) respondents are female faculties who participated in this research. According to the designation of the respondents, 470(43.925), 331(30.935) and 269(25.140) are assistant professors, associate professors and professors. Based on the experience, 342(31.963) of them have 0-5 years of experience in teaching in engineering colleges, 299(27.944) of them have 6-10 years of experience, 159(14.860) percent of them have 11-15 years, 140(13.084) of them have 16-20 years of experience and the remaining 130(12.150) of them have 21 years and above teaching experience in engineering colleges. Statistical significant difference is observed between the gender, experience and designation of the faculty members’ frequency of accessing online journals. There is a statistical significant difference in the opinion about the usefulness of the e-journal of the faculty members’ designation. Significant difference is observed between the gender of the respondents and their opinion about the increase of research publication while using the electronic information sources. Highly significant is observed between the educational qualifications of the respondents and their opinion about the increase of research publication by using the e-journals. There is a statistical significant difference in the designation of the faculties and their opinion about the increase of research publication by using Electronic Journals

BARTTER\u27S SYNDROME

OBJECTIVE: Bartter\u27s syndrome is a rare genetic disorder characterized by renal salt wasting, hypokalemia and metabolic alkalosis. CASE REPORT: A 32 years old male patient presented to casualty with complaints of generalised weakness and chest pain of 15 days duration. Patient had pallor, with loss of buccal pad of fat, skin turgor was lost, and extremities were cold. PR-90bpm, feeble, BP-50/40mmHg. History of similar complaints 1 month back for which he was hospitalised for 15 days and was not completely relieved of symptoms. The differential diagnosis of metabolic alkalosis with hypokalemia without hypertension are; 1. Bartter\u27s syndrome, 2. Gitelman\u27s syndrome, 3. Surreptitious vomiting and 4. Diuretic abuse. CONCLUSION: Acquired Bartter\u27s and Gitelman\u27s like syndromes have been described with autoimmune disorders, sarcoidosis and various drugs. This patient could have a yet undetected or unknown mutation of a protein which has a structural or a functional role in renal tubular cells (of Loop of Henle). KEY WORDS: Bartter\u27s syndrome; Renal salt wasting; Hypokalemia; Metabolic alkalosis; Sarcoidosis

BARTTER'S SYNDROME

OBJECTIVE: Bartter's syndrome is a rare genetic disorder characterized by renal salt wasting, hypokalemia and metabolic alkalosis. CASE REPORT: A 32 years old male patient presented to casualty with complaints of generalised weakness and chest pain of 15 days duration. Patient had pallor, with loss of buccal pad of fat, skin turgor was lost, and extremities were cold. PR-90bpm, feeble, BP-50/40mmHg. History of similar complaints 1 month back for which he was hospitalised for 15 days and was not completely relieved of symptoms. The differential diagnosis of metabolic alkalosis with hypokalemia without hypertension are; 1. Bartter's syndrome, 2. Gitelman's syndrome, 3. Surreptitious vomiting and 4. Diuretic abuse. CONCLUSION: Acquired Bartter's and Gitelman's like syndromes have been described with autoimmune disorders, sarcoidosis and various drugs. This patient could have a yet undetected or unknown mutation of a protein which has a structural or a functional role in renal tubular cells (of Loop of Henle). KEY WORDS: Bartter's syndrome; Renal salt wasting; Hypokalemia; Metabolic alkalosis; Sarcoidosis

A VERY INFREQUENT ASSOCIATION OF WILLIAM-BEURAN SYNDROME AND TETRALOGY OF FALLOT

WB-S Autosomal Dominant Disorder is the most common genetic disorder. We report a case of 20 year old with infrequent association of WBS and TOF. Clinical examination and ECHO confirmed TOF, WB-S was suspected based on the clinical signs used in the scoring system of WB-S which were described by AAP(2001), FISH study was performed in this patient because of having more than 3 clinical signs of WB-S and FISH study showed 7q11.23 deletion and remains the gold standard laboratory investigation for WB-S. KEYWORDS: Tetralogy of Fallot; William Beuren Syndrome; Clinical Diagnosis; Fluroscence In Situ Hybridisation

A VERY INFREQUENT ASSOCIATION OF WILLIAM-BEURAN SYNDROME AND TETRALOGY OF FALLOT

WB-S Autosomal Dominant Disorder is the most common genetic disorder. We report a case of 20 year old with infrequent association of WBS and TOF. Clinical examination and ECHO confirmed TOF, WB-S was suspected based on the clinical signs used in the scoring system of WB-S which were described by AAP(2001), FISH study was performed in this patient because of having more than 3 clinical signs of WB-S and FISH study showed 7q11.23 deletion and remains the gold standard laboratory investigation for WB-S. KEYWORDS: Tetralogy of Fallot; William Beuren Syndrome; Clinical Diagnosis; Fluroscence In Situ Hybridisation

Contamination Rates in Duodenoscopes Reprocessed Using Enhanced Surveillance and Reprocessing Techniques: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background/Aims Multiple outbreaks of multidrug-resistant organisms have been reported worldwide due to contaminated duodenoscopes. In 2015, the United States Food and Drug Administration recommended the following supplemental enhanced surveillance and reprocessing techniques (ESRT) to improve duodenoscope disinfection: (1) microbiological culture, (2) ethylene oxide sterilization, (3) liquid chemical sterilant processing system, and (4) double high-level disinfection. A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to assess the impact of ESRT on the contamination rates. Methods A thorough and systematic search was performed across several databases and conference proceedings from inception until January 2021, and all studies reporting the effectiveness of various ESRTs were identified. The pooled contamination rates of post-ESRT duodenoscopes were estimated using the random effects model. Results A total of seven studies using various ESRTs were incorporated in the analysis, which included a total of 9,084 post-ESRT duodenoscope cultures. The pooled contamination rate of the post-ESRT duodenoscope was 5% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.3%–10.8%, inconsistency index [I2]=97.97%). Pooled contamination rates for high-risk organisms were 0.8% (95% CI: 0.2%–2.7%, I2=94.96). Conclusions While ESRT may improve the disinfection process, a post-ESRT contamination rate of 5% is not negligible. Ongoing efforts to mitigate the rate of contamination by improving disinfection techniques and innovations in duodenoscope design to improve safety are warranted

Use of E-Resources: Opinion about the Growth of Academic Development among the Engineering College faculty members in Tamilnadu, India

This study has made an attempt to analysis the engineering college faculty members use of electronic resources and its impact of academic growth in Namakkal district in Tamilnadu. Based on the aim, survey method is applied and standard, structured and pretested questionnaire as a tool of this study. Percentage analysis, one-way ANOVA and post-host statistical tools are used for data analysis. Pie and bar charts also used for data representation. 1070 fully filled questionnaires received from the respondents. Among the total sample, 618(57.767) respondents are male and 425(42.243) respondents are female faculties who participated in this research. According to the designation of the respondents, 470(43.925), 331(30.935) and 269(25.140) are assistant professors, associate professors and professors. Based on the experience, 342(31.963) of them have 0-5 years of experience in teaching in engineering colleges, 299(27.944) of them have 6-10 years of experience, 159(14.860) percent of them have 11-15 years, 140(13.084) of them have 16-20 years of experience and the remaining 130(12.150) of them have 21 years and above teaching experience in engineering colleges. Statistical significant difference is observed between the gender, experience and designation of the faculty members’ frequency of accessing online journals. There is a statistical significant difference in the opinion about the usefulness of the e-journal of the faculty members’ designation. Significant difference is observed between the gender of the respondents and their opinion about the increase of research publication while using the electronic information sources. Highly significant is observed between the educational qualifications of the respondents and their opinion about the increase of research publication by using the e-journals. There is a statistical significant difference in the designation of the faculties and their opinion about the increase of research publication by using Electronic Journals

Clinical Information Needs of the Allopathic Medical Practitioners in Developing Country, India: A Descriptive Analysis with Workplace.

Clinical Information need is an important factor for the practicing allopathic medical practitioners. This study aim is to identify the practitioners’ clinical information needs level and analysed with their experience and correlate with gender, educational qualification and workplace. Experience is classified into six categories like; 0-5years, 6-10years, 11-15years, 16-20years, 21-25years and above 25 years. Survey method is adopted and pretested questionnaire is used as a tool for data collection. Salem, Erode, Trippur, Coimbatore, and the Nilagari districts medical practitioners are used for this study. Among the 5290 samples, 10% (529) practitioners are selected by Stratified Proportionate Random Sampling (SPRS) method. One-way ANOVA, average weighted score plots and post-hoc tests are used for identification of the significant groups of the medical practitioners. From the result, experience is one of the most influenced factors of the allopathic medical practitioners clinical information needs