2,313 research outputs found
Migration and habitat use of sea turtles in the Bahamas
Objectives:
Evaluate movement and distribution patterns of sea turtles in our series of study sites
in The Bahamas. This objective includes the questions of where do the turtles come
from, how long are they resident in these sites, and where do they go when they
leave.
Collect data that will allow us to develop techniques to compare habitat quality and to
serve as a foundation for studies of the role of green turtles in seagrass ecosystems.
Evaluate models for estimating growth rates and carrying capacities for sea turtles
based on our data from a long-term study of immature green turtles in the southern
Bahamas. (Document has 7 pages.
Perspectives of Small Retailers in the Organic Market: Customer Satisfaction and Customer Enthusiasm
Abstract. In this paper we discuss the impact of customer satisfaction and enthusiasm on the performance of small retailers in the organic food market. The analysis of customer satisfaction and shop data confirm essential economic effects. The study is based on 948 customer interviews and an analysis of management ratios of 12 organic food shops in Germany. The results show that customer satisfaction is a relevant key to sales performance. Regression analysis reveals that overall customer satisfaction accounts for 32 % of sales per square meter sales area. An additional factor analysis identifies service and product quality as main determinants of customer satisfaction. Consumers consider the freshness of fruit and vegetables as representative for the quality of the whole assortment. A correlation analysis demonstrates that customer enthusiasm is a more accurate factor in the recommendation of shops than customer satisfaction. The paper ends with managerial and scientific implications
Minimal failure probability for ceramic design via shape control
We consider the probability of failure for components made of brittle mate-
rials under one time application of a load as introduced by Weibull and Batdorf
- Crosse and more recently studied by NASA and the STAU cooperation as an
objective functional in shape optimization and prove the existence of optimal
shapes in the class of shapes with a uniform cone property. The corresponding
integrand of the objective functional has convexity properties that allow to
derive lower-semicontinuity according to Fujii (Opt. Th. Appl. 1988). These
properties require less restrictive regularity assumptions for the boundaries
and state functions compared to [arXiv:1210.4954]. Thereby, the weak
formulation of linear elasticity can be kept for the abstract setting for shape
optimization as presented in the book by Haslinger and Maekinen
Biology of pelagic sea turtles: effects of marine debris
Objectives:
1. Quantify the sub-lethal effect of debris ingestion (nutrient dilution) on nutrient gain
2. Model sub-lethal effects of debris ingestion on nutrient intake and growth
3. Evaluation of stress from entanglement on the loggerhead sea turtle
4. Movement patterns and behavior of pelagic-stage loggerheads in the eastern Atlantic
5. Document the genetic relationships of pelagic-stage loggerheads in the eastern
Atlantic with rookeries in the southeast US (Document has 14 pages; lists publications resulting from research
A multigrid perspective on the parallel full approximation scheme in space and time
For the numerical solution of time-dependent partial differential equations,
time-parallel methods have recently shown to provide a promising way to extend
prevailing strong-scaling limits of numerical codes. One of the most complex
methods in this field is the "Parallel Full Approximation Scheme in Space and
Time" (PFASST). PFASST already shows promising results for many use cases and
many more is work in progress. However, a solid and reliable mathematical
foundation is still missing. We show that under certain assumptions the PFASST
algorithm can be conveniently and rigorously described as a multigrid-in-time
method. Following this equivalence, first steps towards a comprehensive
analysis of PFASST using block-wise local Fourier analysis are taken. The
theoretical results are applied to examples of diffusive and advective type
Perspectives of small retailers in the organic market: Customer satisfaction and customer enthusiasm
In this paper we discuss the impact of customer satisfaction and enthusiasm on the performance of small retailers in the organic food market. The analysis of customer satisfaction and shop data confirm essential economic effects. The study is based on 948 customer interviews and an analysis of management ratios of 12 organic food shops in Germany. The results show that customer satisfaction is a relevant key to sales performance. Regression analysis reveals that overall customer satisfaction accounts for 32 % of sales per square meter sales area. An additional factor analysis identifies service and product quality as main determinant s of customer satisfaction. Consumer s consider the freshness of fruit and vegetables as representative for the quality of the whole assortment. A correlation analysis demonst rates that customer enthusiasm is a more accurate factor in the recommendation of shops than customer satisfaction. The paper ends with managerial and scientific implications.retail marketing, success factor, organic marketing, regression analysis, Demand and Price Analysis, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety,
Infant psychiatric disorders
Infant mental health problems include difficulties to regulate emotions or attention, crying, sleeping or feeding problems as well as aggressive behavior. Early identifications of these problems help to change developmental trajectories and improve developmental outcomes. Psychiatric assessment and classification have to take into account the rapid processes of development as well as the inseparable linkage between symptoms of the infant, psychosocial risks in the family environment, and parent-child relations. The proposed DSM-5 classification system presents a systematic description of mental health disorders which are relevant for infant psychiatry. However, the proposal has provided rather limited attention to developmental differences and parent-infant relations. Therefore, additional classification systems, like the Zero-to-Three (DC: 0-3R), are strongly recommended. In terms of assessment and in accordance with the guidelines of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, infant psychiatrists have to consider the close relation between somatic and mental health and the interplay between behaviors of the caregiver and the infant. Therefore, the assessment has to be multidisciplinary and relationship based. A standard assessment in infancy includes a clinical interview, behavior observations, caregiver questionnaires, and a pediatric screening. All assessments should pay attention to motor, cognitive, language, and social-emotional development. Because infant development is embedded in the family context, socio-economic factors, parents' mental problems, including drug abuse, domestic violence, and trauma history should be assessed. The treatment has to be oriented toward symptoms and development and has to address underlying medical conditions. The focus should be on parent-child interactions. Evidence-based interventions are based on attachment theory, use social-learning perspectives, and behavioral approache
Hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata) and Green Turtle (Chelonia mydas) Nesting and Beach Selection at PrĂncipe Island, West Africa
Hawksbills (Eretmochelys imbricata) and green turtles (Chelonia mydas) are the predominant nesting sea turtle species on the beaches of PrĂncipe Island in the Gulf of Guinea. The extent of nesting has been largely unknown, but such information is essential for management and conservation. Our study is the first island-wide nesting assessment. Results from the survey, conducted from 1 December 2009 to 18 January 2010 (during peak nesting season), show that the potential suitable nesting area (10 km) is scattered around the islandâs 50 beaches. Sea turtles nested on 32 of the beaches (hawksbills, 20; green turtles, 28) and used 7.5 km of the suitable nesting habitat (hawksbills, 5.8 km; green turtles, 7.0 km). We estimated that 101 (95% CI = 86â118) clutches were deposited by 17-29 hawksbills and 1088 (95% CI = 999â1245) clutches were deposited by 166-429 green turtles on PrĂncipe from November 2009 to February 2010 (nesting season). Long-term green turtle nest count data collected from 2007/08 to 2015/16 suggest a positive trend. Analyses of clutch densities in relation to beach characteristics suggested that both species preferred areas where human presence is lower, which coincided with the most sheltered areas. These findings should be used to inform coastal planning and minimize impacts on nesting beaches, as PrĂncipe is currently targeted for tourism development. Overall, results highlight that PrĂncipe beaches are very important for the conservation of West African hawksbill and green turtle populations.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Pegs, politics and petrification: exchange rate policy in Argentina and Brazil since the 1980s
Currency crises have long constituted one of the most important sources of politicoeconomic
instability across middle-income emerging markets, with exchange rate pegs having
been identified as key culprits. Given pegsâ propensity for boom-bust-cycles, it is thus
puzzling that governments insist on implementing such constraining regimes and, more
importantly, that they tend to postpone exchange rate flexibilisation until a disorderly exit
becomes inevitable. This thesis addresses as its core puzzle exchange regime choice in middleincome
emerging markets in Latin America, and especially the phenomenon of âexchange rate
petrificationâ, by examining the tumultuous exchange rate history of Argentina and Brazil.
Adopting a qualitative approach and using comparisons between periods and countries, it
traces the process of exchange rate policymaking on the basis of participant interviews and
archival and media research over a period ranging from re-democratisation in the early 1980s,
through the decade of structural reforms under nominal exchange rate anchors in the 1990s
until the crisis exits to inflation-targeting under âdirty floatsâ in the new millennium.
The study shows that existing studies, which narrowly focus on electoral opportunism,
credibility-building motivations or structurally-determined interest group pressures derived
from OECD contexts, fail to capture the reality of emerging market exchange rate politics,
their distinct economic structural context and the inter-relationship between exchange rate
policy and executivesâ structural reform endeavours. Instead, the analysis suggests that only a
model of exchange rate politics that centres on intra-executive dynamics, but incorporates
their interplay with societal cleavages and the role of international financial institutions, can
account for the countriesâ divergent exchange rate policy and especially the differential
severity of âexchange rate petrificationâ.
Using the cases of Argentina and Brazil as a backdrop, the thesis offers an explanation for the
problematic nature of exchange rate pegs that goes beyond the analysis offered by the
economics literature, and instead highlights their inherently political nature insofar as national
governments conceive of nominal pegs as coalition-building devices in the context of
politically controversial structural reforms. Aside from structural factors, such as liability
dollarisation, it is governmentsâ reluctance to surrender this political instrument that
perpetuates âexchange rate petrificationâ. As âexchange rate petrificationâ presupposes the
absence of sustained exchange rate politicisation, the thesis also refines the literatureâs
exchange rate politicisation hypothesis by incorporating several intervening variables, such as
the institutional structure of organised society, the nature of the political system and ideational
factors, which may mute calls for exchange regime change and thus generate permissive
circumstances for exchange rate pegs to petrify
The Recurring Great Lakes Crisis: Identity, Violence and Power - Jean-Pierre Chretién and Richard Banégas (eds)
The Recurring Great Lakes Crisis is an edited volume comprising individual case studies that examine aspects of historical and on-going violence in Rwanda, Burundi, Uganda, and Congo-Kinshasa. The purpose of the volume is to âlead to a better understanding of the changes in the perceptions of violence which constitute one of the most serious obstacles to lasting peaceâ (1). The case studies encompass a diverse array of aspects of each of the conflicts, from the role of the Catholic Church in Rwanda since 1957, to the political and social problems created by the label âdisaster victimsâ in Burundi after the 1993 crisis, to the âethnicâ conflict between the Wahendu and Walema in the Ituri district of Congo between 1999 and 2003. Most case studies resulted from field research carried out by the contributors in the Great Lakes region between 2000 and 2002
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