Acoustic Properties of Low Density Oil Palm (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq) Fibreboard

An ultrasonic test was carried out to determine the acoustic properties of low density oil palm fibreboard. The main objective of this study was to investigate the suitability of using oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) as partial replacement for the acoustic materials in audio room. The board was manufactured by using rubberwood (Hevea bracilliensis) and oil palm (Elaeis guineensis, Jacq). The rubberwood was used as the control. Three levels of board density and five thicknesses were used to investigate the relationship of acoustic parameters (wave velocity and attenuation coefficient) to these independent variables. In addition, this study consisted of two sub-studies; (i) the effect of resin content on the acoustic properties, and (ii) the trend of pulse velocity travelling through the boards of different thicknesses. The result showed that the acoustic properties of oil palm boards were significantly affected by a variation in board densities and thicknesses, as well as resin content. On the other hand, it was found that the velocity of pulse was influenced by the variation in the resin content, thickness and density of the boards. The pulse velocity, which travels through the EFB, was similar to that of rubberwood boards, suggesting that the acoustic properties of EFB were in the same class as that of rubberwood. The board with 12 mm thickness was found to be able to absorb more pulse wave than the board of other thicknesses for each type of board density. Based on the result, the low density oil palm fibreboard was suitable to be used as a core layer for building a wall in audio room. However, it needs further improvement on it's design and structure to have a better performance as the absorbent materials. This study also found that the ultrasonic test could be a good non-destructive test method to assess the acoustic properties

The Theory of Symbols of Purity-Analysis of Symbols in Me-nyimah Kuala Ritual of The Kedayan Community in Kampung Kuala Nyalau, Bintulu, Sarawak

Menyimah Kuala (Feeding the Confluence) is one of the ceremonies still performed by the Kedayan community in Kampung Kuala Nyalau, Bintulu, Sarawak to express their gratitude to God and the supernatural powers for the sustenance enjoyed, to avoid any disasters and unto-ward incidents to the local community, and as a closing to the Makan Tahun (Annual Feast) ritu-al. Based on this study, there are no findings from previous researchers about the performance of the Menyimah Kuala ritual. In fact, according to the villagers, the ritual is only performed by the Kedayan community living in Nyalau, Bintulu. The focus of this paper is to uncover the ritual’s process and to analyse symbols found in the ritual using the Theory of Symbols of Pu-rity (2020). This study uses the qualitative method (ethnography) which includes Field Study, Participant Observation, Interview, and Library Review. Based on the study, it was found that the ritual performed to attain well-being from either God or supernatural powers are based on the concept of purity which coincides with the Theory of Symbols of Purity (2020) introduced by Mohamad Maulana.&nbsp

The Nyangahant ritual in the culture of Salako community at Kampung Pueh Lundu, Sarawak

This research is about the Nyangahant ritual in the culture of the Salako community in Kampung Pueh, Lundu, Sarawak. The Nyangahant ritual is the main ritual in the culture of the Salako community. To ensure that the rituals performed achieve the purpose and goal, the Nyangahant ritual must be performed according to the prescribed process. The situation is for the purpose of perfection to assure that the wish requested can be accepted by Jubata, the god of the Salako community. The main focus of this research is to identify the meaning of every ritual performed in the Nyangahant ritual in the Salako community. This study uses ethnographic methods for data collection using an ethnographic interview technique that involves the informants who are experts on Nyangahant ritual ceremonies, which are Tuha Adat, Nyangahant craftsmen, headman, and village chief. In addition, observation methods are also widely used in this research to deeply understand the ritual ceremonies of Nyangahant in the studied community. The observation techniques are conducted before, during, and after the Nyangahant ritual ceremony. This study found that the Nyangahant ritual ceremony is the ‘mother’ of all rituals for the Salako community. It became a priority in the executed ritual or other festivals. Moreover, the ritual also a prayer in the praying ceremony to ask for well-being and prosperity spared from all problems, calamities, and misfortune. Although the culture and customs of the Salako community have evolved mainly through the process of modernity in terms of heritage, they still held the ritual as a lifeline in their community

The Nyangahant Ritual In The Culture Of Salako Community At Kampung Pueh Lundu, Sarawak.

This research is about the Nyangahant ritual in the culture of the Salako community in Kampung Pueh, Lundu, Sarawak. The Nyangahant ritual is the main ritual in the culture of the Salako community. To ensure that the rituals performed achieve the purpose and goal, the Nyangahant ritual must be performed according to the prescribed process. The situation is for the purpose of perfection to assure that the wish requested can be accepted by Jubata, the god of the Salako community. The main focus of this research is to identify the meaning of every ritual performed in the Nyangahant ritual in the Salako community. This study uses ethnographic methods for data collection using an ethnographic interview technique that involves the informants who are experts on Nyangahant ritual ceremonies, which are Tuha Adat, Nyangahant craftsmen, headman, and village chief. In addition, observation methods are also widely used in this research to deeply understand the ritual ceremonies of Nyangahant in the studied community. The observation techniques are conducted before, during, and after the Nyangahant ritual ceremony. This study found that the Nyangahant ritual ceremony is the ‘mother’ of all rituals for the Salako community. It became a priority in the executed ritual or other festivals. Moreover, the ritual also a prayer in the praying ceremony to ask for well-being and prosperity spared from all problems, calamities, and misfortune. Although the culture and customs of the Salako community have evolved mainly through the process of modernity in terms of heritage, they still held the ritual as a lifeline in their community

The Nyangahant ritual in the culture of Salako community at Kampung Pueh Lundu, Sarawak

This research is about the Nyangahant ritual in the culture of the Salako community in Kampung Pueh, Lundu, Sarawak. The Nyangahant ritual is the main ritual in the culture of the Salako community. To ensure that the rituals performed achieve the purpose and goal, the Nyangahant ritual must be performed according to the prescribed process. The situation is for the purpose of perfection to assure that the wish requested can be accepted by Jubata, the god of the Salako community. The main focus of this research is to identify the meaning of every ritual performed in the Nyangahant ritual in the Salako community. This study uses ethnographic methods for data collection using an ethnographic interview technique that involves the informants who are experts on Nyangahant ritual ceremonies, which are Tuha Adat, Nyangahant craftsmen, headman, and village chief. In addition, observation methods are also widely used in this research to deeply understand the ritual ceremonies of Nyangahant in the studied community. The observation techniques are conducted before, during, and after the Nyangahant ritual ceremony. This study found that the Nyangahant ritual ceremony is the ‘mother’ of all rituals for the Salako community. It became a priority in the executed ritual or other festivals. Moreover, the ritual also a prayer in the praying ceremony to ask for well-being and prosperity spared from all problems, calamities, and misfortune. Although the culture and customs of the Salako community have evolved mainly through the process of modernity in terms of heritage, they still held the ritual as a lifeline in their community