Psychological Distress and Use of Psychotropic Drugs Among University Students — the SHoT Study, Norway

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Associations of cardiovascular agents and metformin with depression symptoms: A cross-sectional analysis from the HUNT Study, Norway

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Risk of antidepressant initiation among users of cardiovascular agents and metformin. Findings from the Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT) and Norwegian Prescription Database (NorPD), Norway

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Electronic aspects of formation and properties of local structures around Mn in Cd1−xMnxTe1−ySey

Local electronic and structural features around Mn in Cd1−xMnxTe0.97Se0.03 (x = 0.02; 0.05; 0.1; y = 0.03) were studied by means of X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (XAFS) techniques. Manganese ions with an average valence 2+, are found to be well incorporated into the host CdTe lattice, with clear preference for Te atoms as the first neighbors. However, Mn and Te are found to form two essentially different types of bonds, one short, strong and directional (cubic MnTe-alike bond), and three much longer, predominantly ionic in nature (hexagonal MnTe-alike bonds), thereby distorting the tetrahedral coordination around Mn. The origin of peculiar Mn–Te bonds distribution and details of their nature and strength are further elaborated by employing the first principle electronic structure calculations. That way a thorough insight in impact of the Mn–Te bond length variation on the electronic structure of the compound is obtained. The relations established between the local structures and electronic properties offer a reliable procedure for detailed analysis of the structural and electronic consequences of the 3d-transition metals (TM) incorporation in II–VI semiconductor host. Clear distinction between various influences makes the procedure easily adoptable also to the studies of TM impurities in other semiconductors

Demographic and psychosocial factors associated with problematic social media use among young adults: a scoping review protocol

Abstract Objective: Social media has become a primary channel for communication among young individuals, concurrent with a surge in problematic social media use. Consequently, understanding the factors contributing to problematic social media use among this age cohort becomes increasingly pertinent. The objective of this scoping review is to examine and map the evidence of predominant demographic and psychosocial factors associated with problematic social media use among young adults. Introduction: Systematic reviews have explored the adverse health effects of problematic social media use among adolescents and young adults. However, evidence on the associated factors is dispersed throughout the literature, highlighting the necessity for a scoping review. Inclusion criteria: This scoping review will encompass studies examining problematic social media use among young adults aged 18 to 29 years in the general non-clinical population. It will include both quantitative and qualitative research assessing demographic characteristics and psychosocial factors contributing to problematic social media use within this age group. Methods: Databases Medline, Embase, and Scopus will be searched using keyword searches to retrieve relevant articles published from 2019 to 2024. The scoping review will include studies published in English that present evidence on factors associated with problematic social media use among young adults, excluding grey literature. Title and abstract screening will be conducted simultaneously, with two reviewers independently screening abstracts and full text articles and piloting the data extraction form. Thematic analysis will be employed to analyse the findings. Ethics and dissemination: Ethics review is considered unnecessary for this scoping review since it solely analyses publicly available data. The outcomes of our research will be shared through peer-reviewed journal publications and presentations at scientific conferences. Additionally, findings will be disseminated in plain language and posted on the websites and blogs of relevant stakeholders, including policymakers and service providers for students. We will also present the findings to young adults, such as educators, counsellors, and social workers, aiming to enhance awareness regarding problematic social media use and its associated factors

Prevalence trends of depression and anxiety symptoms in adults with cardiovascular diseases and diabetes 1995–2019: The HUNT studies, Norway

Background Symptoms of depression and anxiety are common in adults with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and diabetes mellitus (DM). The literature on depression and anxiety in CVDs and DM populations is extensive; however, studies examining these relationships over time, directly compared to adults without these conditions, are still lacking. This study aimed to investigate trends in depression and anxiety symptom prevalence over more than 20 years in adults with CVDs and DM compared to the general population. Methods We used data from the population-based Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT), Norway, including adults (≥ 20 years) from three waves; the HUNT2 (1995–97; n = 65,228), HUNT3 (2006–08; n = 50,800) and HUNT4 (2017–19; n = 56,042). Depressive and anxiety symptom prevalence was measured independently by the Hospital Anxiety and Depressions scale (HADS) in sex-stratified samples. We analyzed associations of these common psychological symptoms with CVDs and DM over time using multi-level random-effects models, accounting for repeated measurements and individual variation. Results Overall, the CVDs groups reported higher levels of depression than those free of CVDs in all waves of the study. Further, depressive and anxiety symptom prevalence in adults with and without CVDs and DM declined from HUNT2 to HUNT4, whereas women reported more anxiety than men. Positive associations of depression and anxiety symptoms with CVDs and DM in HUNT2 declined over time. However, associations of CVDs with depression symptoms remained over time in men. Moreover, in women, DM was associated with increased depression symptom risk in HUNT2 and HUNT4. Conclusions Depression and anxiety symptoms are frequent in adults with CVDs. Further, our time trend analysis indicates that anxiety and depression are differentially related to CVDs and DM and sex. This study highlights the importance of awareness and management of psychological symptoms in CVDs and DM populations

Molecular size and conformational effects on oligophenylenes electronic and vibrational properties

Electronic and vibrational properties of phenylene-based oligomers from biphenyl P2P to para-sexiphenil P6P, and their dependence on torsion angle are calculated using semiempirical quantum mechanic (AM1, ZINDO/S) and ab initio linear combination of atomic orbitals methods. The systematic relations between molecular size and geometry, and numerous molecular properties have been established, providing the basis both for the spectroscopic identification of different structures that could appear during material processing and for tailoring of devices with desired properties. (c) 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc

Calculations of optical properties of some molecules suitable for coating of nanoparticles for biological applications

Coating of nanoparticles by various molecules is promising way to modify their surfaces and extend their bio-functionality, and infrared (IR), and spectroscopy of electronic transitions at ultraviolet and visible (UV/VIS) wavelengths are suitable techniques to investigate details of their attachment at nanoparticle surface. In the present work structure and optical properties of dextran, chitosan, oleic acid and poly(ethylene glycol) have been investigated by semi-empirical quantum mechanics, and ab initio Hartree-Fock calculations using the HyperChem (R) software package (http://www.hyper.com). The equilibrium conformations, IR, and UV/VIS spectra of molecules of various lengths, before and after their attachment to the magnetite (111) surface are determined, and IR modes and UV/VIS transitions that change the most upon the molecules attachment identified. The results are compared to the existing experimental data and the results of similar calculations, and possible implications for biological applications of nanoparticles coated with the investigated molecules have been discussed