A technical study of TLD beta calibration factor for exposures to depleted uranium

The beta calibration factor for converting light output (on reading a thermoluminescent dosimeter) to shallow dose equivalent has been reexamined through theoretical calculations and experimental measurements. The results support the previously determined value for contact with a depleted uranium slab but indicate that for many actual workplace situations, the contact value may be overly conservative

A 680,000-person megastudy of nudges to encourage vaccination in pharmacies

Encouraging vaccination is a pressing policy problem. To assess whether text-based reminders can encourage pharmacy vaccination and what kinds of messages work best, we conducted a megastudy. We randomly assigned 689,693 Walmart pharmacy patients to receive one of 22 different text reminders using a variety of different behavioral science principles to nudge flu vaccination or to a business-as-usual control condition that received no messages. We found that the reminder texts that we tested increased pharmacy vaccination rates by an average of 2.0 percentage points, or 6.8%, over a 3-mo follow-up period. The most-effective messages reminded patients that a flu shot was waiting for them and delivered reminders on multiple days. The top-performing intervention included two texts delivered 3 d apart and communicated to patients that a vaccine was “waiting for you.” Neither experts nor lay people anticipated that this would be the best-performing treatment, underscoring the value of simultaneously testing many different nudges in a highly powered megastudy.https://www.pnas.org/content/pnas/119/6/e2115126119.full.pd

Correlation of External Exposure and Dose Equivalent Rates with Uranium Surface Contamination

This report provides both calculated estimates and measured values of exposure in air and tissue dose from external penetrating radiation at a distance of 1 m from uranium contamination on surfaces at the Oak Ridge Y-12 Plant, in support of the Y-12 Site Radiological Characterization Study. Calculated values are based on the total energy from gamma rays and X rays emitted by uranium and its shordaughters at secular equilibrium. Results of a small number of measurements are provided for comparison. Dose rate values derived here are limited to those of external penetrating radiation from distributed sources with limited surface area and from point sources

Total effective dose equivalent associated with fixed uranium surface contamination

This report provides the technical basis for establishing a uranium fixed-contamination action level, a fixed uranium surface contamination level exceeding the total radioactivity values of Appendix D of Title 10, Code of Federal Regulations, part 835 (10CFR835), but below which the monitoring, posting, and control requirements for Radiological Areas are not required for the area of the contamination. An area of fixed uranium contamination between 1,000 dpm/100 cm{sup 2} and that level corresponding to an annual total effective dose equivalent (TEDE) of 100 mrem requires only routine monitoring, posting to alert personnel of the contamination, and administrative control. The more extensive requirements for monitoring, posting, and control designated by 10CFR835 for Radiological Areas do not have to be applied for these intermediate fixed-contamination levels

Water Reservoirs in Small Planetary Bodies: Meteorites, Asteroids, and Comets

Asteroids and comets are the remnants of the swarm of planetesimals from which the planets ultimately formed, and they retain records of processes that operated prior to and during planet formation. They are also likely the sources of most of the water and other volatiles accreted by Earth. In this review, we discuss the nature and probable origins of asteroids and comets based on data from remote observations, in situ measurements by spacecraft, and laboratory analyses of meteorites derived from asteroids. The asteroidal parent bodies of meteorites formed ≤4 Ma after Solar System formation while there was still a gas disk present. It seems increasingly likely that the parent bodies of meteorites spectroscopically linked with the E-, S-, M- and V-type asteroids formed sunward of Jupiter's orbit, while those associated with C- and, possibly, D-type asteroids formed further out, beyond Jupiter but probably not beyond Saturn's orbit. Comets formed further from the Sun than any of the meteorite parent bodies, and retain much higher abundances of interstellar material. CI and CM group meteorites are probably related to the most common C-type asteroids, and based on isotopic evidence they, rather than comets, are the most likely sources of the H and N accreted by the terrestrial planets. However, comets may have been major sources of the noble gases accreted by Earth and Venus. Possible constraints that these observations can place on models of giant planet formation and migration are explored

SuperB Progress Reports - Detector

none240This report describes the present status of the detector design for SuperB. It is one of four separate progress reports that, taken collectively, describe progress made on the SuperB Project since the publication of the SuperB Conceptual Design Report in 2007 and the Proceedings of SuperB Workshop VI in Valencia in 2008. The other three reports relate to Physics, Accelerator and Computing.noneE. Grauges; G. Donvito; V. Spinoso; M. Manghisoni; V. Re; G. Traversi; G. Eigen; D. Fehlker; L. Helleve; A. Carbone; R. Di Sipio; A. Gabrielli; D. Galli; F. Giorgi; U. Marconi; S. Perazzini; C. Sbarra; V. Vagnoni; S. Valentinetti; M. Villa; A. Zoccoli; C. Cheng; A. Chivukula; D. Doll; B. Echenard; D. Hitlin; P. Ongmongkolkul; F. Porter; A. Rakitin; M. Thomas; R. Zhu; G. Tatishvili; R. Andreassen; C. Fabby; B. Meadows; A. Simpson; M. Sokoloff; K. Tomko; A. Fella; M. Andreotti; W. Baldini; R. Calabrese; V. Carassiti; G. Cibinetto; A. Cotta Ramusino; A. Gianoli; E. Luppi; M. Munerato; V. Santoro; L. Tomassetti; D. Stoker; O. Bezshyyko; G. Dolinska; N. Arnaud; C. Beigbeder; F. Bogard; D. Breton; L. Burmistrov; D. Charlet; J. Maalmi; L. Perez; V. Puill; A. Stocchi; V. Tocut; S. Wallon; G. Wormser; D. Brown; A. Calcaterra; R. de Sangro; G. Felici; G. Finocchiaro; P. Patteri; I. Peruzzi; M. Piccolo; M. Rama; S. Fantinel; G. Maron; E. Ben-Haim; G. Calderini; H. Lebbolo; G. Marchiori; R. Cenci; A. Jawahery; D.A. Roberts; D. Lindemann; P. Patel; S. Robertson; D. Swersky; P. Biassoni; M. Citterio; V. Liberali; F. Palombo; A. Stabile; S. Stracka; A. Aloisio; S. Cavaliere; G. De Nardo; A. Doria; R. Giordano; A. Ordine; S. Pardi; G. Russo; C. Sciacca; A.Y. Barniakov; M.Y. Barniakov; V.E. Blinov; V.P. Druzhinin; V.B.. Golubev; S.A. Kononov; E. Kravchenko; A.P. Onuchin; S.I. Serednyakov; Y.I. Skovpen; E.P. Solodov; M. Bellato; M. Benettoni; M. Corvo; A. Crescente; F. Dal Corso; C. Fanin; E. Feltresi; N. Gagliardi; M. Morandin; M. Posocco; M. Rotondo; R. Stroili; C. Andreoli; L. Gaioni; E. Pozzati; L. Ratti; V. Speziali; D. Aisa; M. Bizzarri; C. Cecchi; S. Germani; P. Lubrano; E. Manoni; A. Papi; A. Piluso ; A. Rossi; M. Lebeau; C. Avanzini; G. Batignani; S. Bettarini; F. Bosi; M. Ceccanti; A. Cervelli; A. Ciampa; F. Crescioli; M. Dell’Orso; D. Fabiani; F. Forti; P. Giannetti; M. Giorgi; S. Gregucci; A. Lusiani; P. Mammini; G. Marchiori; M. Massa; E. Mazzoni; F. Morsani; N. Neri; E. Paoloni; E. Paoloni; M. Piendibene; A. Profeti; G. Rizzo; L. Sartori; J. Walsh; E. Yurtsev; D.M. Asner; J. E. Fast; R.T. Kouzes; A. Bevan; F. Gannaway; J. Mistry; C. Walker; C.A.J. Brew; R.E. Coath; J.P. Crooks; R.M. Harper; A. Lintern; A. Nichols; M. Staniztki; R. Turchetta; F.F. Wilson; V. Bocci; G. Chiodi; R. Faccini; C. Gargiulo; D. Pinci; L. Recchia; D. Ruggieri; A. Di Simone; P. Branchini; A. Passeri; F. Ruggieri; E. Spiriti; D. Aston; M. Convery; G. Dubois-Felsmann; W. Dunwoodie; M. Kelsey; P. Kim; M. Kocian; D. Leith; S. Luitz; D. MacFarlane; B. Ratcliff; M. Sullivan; J. Va’vra; W. Wisniewski; W. Yang; K. Shougaev; A. Soffer; F. Bianchi; D. Gamba; G. Giraudo; P. Mereu; G. Dalla Betta; G. Fontana; G. Soncini; M. Bomben; L. Bosisio; P. Cristaudo; G. Giacomini; D. Jugovaz; L. Lanceri; I. Rashevskaya; G. Venier; L. Vitale; R. Henderson; J.-F. Caron; C. Hearty; P. Lu; R. So; P. Taras; A. Agarwal; J. Franta; J.M. RoneyE., Grauges; G., Donvito; V., Spinoso; M., Manghisoni; V., Re; G., Traversi; G., Eigen; D., Fehlker; L., Helleve; A., Carbone; R., Di Sipio; A., Gabrielli; D., Galli; F., Giorgi; U., Marconi; S., Perazzini; C., Sbarra; V., Vagnoni; S., Valentinetti; M., Villa; A., Zoccoli; C., Cheng; A., Chivukula; D., Doll; B., Echenard; D., Hitlin; P., Ongmongkolkul; F., Porter; A., Rakitin; M., Thomas; R., Zhu; G., Tatishvili; R., Andreassen; C., Fabby; B., Meadows; A., Simpson; M., Sokoloff; K., Tomko; A., Fella; Andreotti, Mirco; Baldini, Wander; Calabrese, Roberto; Carassiti, Vittore; Cibinetto, Gianluigi; COTTA RAMUSINO, Angelo; Gianoli, Alberto; Luppi, Eleonora; Munerato, Mauro; Santoro, Valentina; Tomassetti, Luca; D., Stoker; O., Bezshyyko; G., Dolinska; N., Arnaud; C., Beigbeder; F., Bogard; D., Breton; L., Burmistrov; D., Charlet; J., Maalmi; L., Perez; V., Puill; A., Stocchi; V., Tocut; S., Wallon; G., Wormser; D., Brown; A., Calcaterra; R., de Sangro; G., Felici; G., Finocchiaro; P., Patteri; I., Peruzzi; M., Piccolo; M., Rama; S., Fantinel; G., Maron; E., Ben Haim; G., Calderini; H., Lebbolo; G., Marchiori; R., Cenci; A., Jawahery; D. A., Roberts; D., Lindemann; P., Patel; S., Robertson; D., Swersky; P., Biassoni; M., Citterio; V., Liberali; F., Palombo; A., Stabile; S., Stracka; A., Aloisio; S., Cavaliere; G., De Nardo; A., Doria; R., Giordano; A., Ordine; S., Pardi; G., Russo; C., Sciacca; A. Y., Barniakov; M. Y., Barniakov; V. E., Blinov; V. P., Druzhinin; Golubev, V. B.; S. A., Kononov; E., Kravchenko; A. P., Onuchin; S. I., Serednyakov; Y. I., Skovpen; E. P., Solodov; M., Bellato; M., Benettoni; Corvo, Marco; A., Crescente; F., Dal Corso; C., Fanin; E., Feltresi; N., Gagliardi; M., Morandin; M., Posocco; M., Rotondo; R., Stroili; C., Andreoli; L., Gaioni; E., Pozzati; L., Ratti; V., Speziali; D., Aisa; M., Bizzarri; C., Cecchi; S., Germani; P., Lubrano; E., Manoni; A., Papi; A., Piluso; A., Rossi; M., Lebeau; C., Avanzini; G., Batignani; S., Bettarini; F., Bosi; M., Ceccanti; A., Cervelli; A., Ciampa; F., Crescioli; M., Dell’Orso; D., Fabiani; F., Forti; P., Giannetti; M., Giorgi; S., Gregucci; A., Lusiani; P., Mammini; G., Marchiori; M., Massa; E., Mazzoni; F., Morsani; N., Neri; E., Paoloni; E., Paoloni; M., Piendibene; A., Profeti; G., Rizzo; L., Sartori; J., Walsh; E., Yurtsev; D. M., Asner; J. E., Fast; R. T., Kouzes; A., Bevan; F., Gannaway; J., Mistry; C., Walker; C. A. J., Brew; R. E., Coath; J. P., Crooks; R. M., Harper; A., Lintern; A., Nichols; M., Staniztki; R., Turchetta; F. F., Wilson; V., Bocci; G., Chiodi; R., Faccini; C., Gargiulo; D., Pinci; L., Recchia; D., Ruggieri; A., Di Simone; P., Branchini; A., Passeri; F., Ruggieri; E., Spiriti; D., Aston; M., Convery; G., Dubois Felsmann; W., Dunwoodie; M., Kelsey; P., Kim; M., Kocian; D., Leith; S., Luitz; D., Macfarlane; B., Ratcliff; M., Sullivan; J., Va’Vra; W., Wisniewski; W., Yang; K., Shougaev; A., Soffer; F., Bianchi; D., Gamba; G., Giraudo; P., Mereu; G., Dalla Betta; G., Fontana; G., Soncini; M., Bomben; L., Bosisio; P., Cristaudo; G., Giacomini; D., Jugovaz; L., Lanceri; I., Rashevskaya; G., Venier; L., Vitale; R., Henderson; J. F., Caron; C., Hearty; P., Lu; R., So; P., Taras; A., Agarwal; J., Franta; J. M., Rone