Lightweight Multilingual Software Analysis

Developer preferences, language capabilities and the persistence of older languages contribute to the trend that large software codebases are often multilingual, that is, written in more than one computer language. While developers can leverage monolingual software development tools to build software components, companies are faced with the problem of managing the resultant large, multilingual codebases to address issues with security, efficiency, and quality metrics. The key challenge is to address the opaque nature of the language interoperability interface: one language calling procedures in a second (which may call a third, or even back to the first), resulting in a potentially tangled, inefficient and insecure codebase. An architecture is proposed for lightweight static analysis of large multilingual codebases: the MLSA architecture. Its modular and table-oriented structure addresses the open-ended nature of multiple languages and language interoperability APIs. We focus here as an application on the construction of call-graphs that capture both inter-language and intra-language calls. The algorithms for extracting multilingual call-graphs from codebases are presented, and several examples of multilingual software engineering analysis are discussed. The state of the implementation and testing of MLSA is presented, and the implications for future work are discussed.Comment: 15 page

Lightweight Call-Graph Construction for Multilingual Software Analysis

Analysis of multilingual codebases is a topic of increasing importance. In prior work, we have proposed the MLSA (MultiLingual Software Analysis) architecture, an approach to the lightweight analysis of multilingual codebases, and have shown how it can be used to address the challenge of constructing a single call graph from multilingual software with mutual calls. This paper addresses the challenge of constructing monolingual call graphs in a lightweight manner (consistent with the objective of MLSA) which nonetheless yields sufficient information for resolving language interoperability calls. A novel approach is proposed which leverages information from a compiler-generated AST to provide the quality of call graph necessary, while the program itself is written using an Island Grammar that parses the AST providing the lightweight aspect necessary. Performance results are presented for a C/C++ implementation of the approach, PAIGE (Parsing AST using Island Grammar Call Graph Emitter) showing that despite its lightweight nature, it outperforms Doxgen, is robust to changes in the (Clang) AST, and is not restricted to C/C++.Comment: 10 page

Oscillating spin-orbit interaction as a source of spin-polarized wave packets in two-terminal nanoscale devices

Ballistic transport through nanoscale devices with time-dependent Rashba-type spin-orbit interaction (SOI) can lead to spin-polarized wave packets that appear even for completely unpolarized input. The SOI that oscillates in a finite domain generates density and spin polarization fluctuations that leave the region as propagating waves. Particularly, spin polarization has space and time dependence even in regions without SOI. Our results are based on an analytic solution of the time-dependent Schr\"odinger equation. The relevant Floquet quasi-energies that are obtained appear in the energy spectrum of both the transmitted and reflected waves.Comment: 13 pages, 5 figures (IOP preprint style); v2: 15 pages and 6 figures. Subsec. 3.4, a figure and new references have been adde

Determinants of Employee Creativity

Purpose: This study aims to determine the influencePartially and simultaneously, Work Culture and Organizational Commitment to Employee Creativity.   Theoretical Framework: This research uses a quantitative approach.Sample size obtained 78 employeesof 356 Civil Servants in SITARO District and determined by simple random technique   Design/Methodology/Approach: The data collection technique is a questionnaire with a Likert scale that has been tested for validity and reliability. Data analysis is multiple regression analysis with the help of the SPSS program.   Findings: The results of the study show that Work Culture and Organizational Commitment have a positive and significant effect, both partially and simultaneously, on Employee Creativity.   Research Practical and Social Implications: This confirms that the stronger the work culture and organizational commitment, the higher the employee's creativity   Original Value: Work Culture and Organizational Commitment have a positive and significant effect, either partially or simultaneously, on Employee Creativity

Hidden in Plain Sight: Musical Subtext in Drama

This dissertation explores the manner in which music (songs, instrumental underscoring, and sound cues) support, reflect, and advance dramatic action. The dramaturgical analysis, employing Freytags model, is applied to selected dramatic repertoire to reveal the impact and influence of music on the dramatic structure of these works. The analysis considers how the musical nature of works by William Shakespeare, August Strindberg, George Bernard Shaw, Tom Stoppard and Simon Stephens also contributes to them becoming major sources for adaptations and for musicals on the modern stage. The importance of looking at authors, function, intended effects, production, context, message, and transmission modes must be stressed, as well as how to code/decode music and how musical meanings are generated through effective stimulation or through semiotics. The argument maintains that text and music cannot be separated without causing serious damage to the authors creative vision and that the total structure of a play exists as an expression of artistic unity similar to Wagners concept of Gesamtkunstwerk. The text and music exist in a symbiotic relationship, sometimes as leitmotifs, with the non-diegetic music supporting emotions to reflect the inner world of their characters. The use of musical leitmotifs or music as thematic material clearly contributes in driving forward the dramatic action. Among the main findings are how the musical references made by any of the five playwrights determines the dramaturgical interpretation of their plays. Each author is extremely precise with respect to their musical references. Four out of five playwrights discussed had a strong musical background, which enabled them to make well-informed musical choices to underpin their plays. Some even chose to replace traditional dramatic structure with a musical one. Finally, it can be said that music functions as an important and often overlooked subtext that enhances the entire dramatic experience by supporting the situation and narrative. Music influences the audiences ultimate perception of character and emotion

Civil War Treasures: Love Is a Battlefield: Courtship and Marriage in the Civil War

Confederate nurse Kate Cumming observed that the Civil War was “certainly ours as well as that of the men. Though she undoubtedly meant to convey that women were not immune to the harshness and devastating effects of war, a less extreme arena in which women and men shared a common wartime experien...

The Functional Relevance of Fascia

Until recently, the fascia was largely considered a connective tissue structure that surrounds the muscles, nerves, vasculature and other functional elements of the body.  Recent data derived from clinical imaging studies, cadavers and animal models indicate that fascia is not merely a passive abundant contributor to behaviour but is innervated; it can transmit force, influence movement and actively contract. A critical determinant of the role of fascia is the nature of its innervation. This review will examine the available data on fascial innervation, as well as changes in innervation in response to inflammation. The functional implications of these findings for pain, proprioception, and active contractile roles for fascia in movement will be considered. Finally, we will identify gaps in the literature, including the regional variation in fascial innervation and the importance of developing clinically relevant models of fascial inflammation and dysfunction