Determination of anticholinesterase and antioxidant activities of methanol and water extracts of leaves and fruits of Chamaerops humilis L.

The present study was carried out to investigate the antioxidant activity of the water and methanol extracts of leaves and fruits extracts of Chamaerops humilis L. by using ABTS cation radicals and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC). Anticholinesterase effect of the extracts was tested against both AChE and BChE using a microplate-reader assay based on the Ellman method. The methanol extracts of C. humilis leaves contained relatively higher content of flavonoids and total phenolics than those of fruits. All the extracts were found to have different levels of antioxidant activity in the systems tested. The leave extract showed the highest value of antioxidant activity, based on ABTS radical-scavenging activity, while the fruit water extract showed the highest value (0.53±0.50 µg/mL) of cupric reducing antioxidant activity.  Our data indicates that both methanol and water fruit extract were active for BChE inhibition (31.65 ± 0.37 and 30.19 ± 0.56%) respectively, whereas, all leave extracts did not show any activity against BChE. The present study demonstrated that the methanol and water extracts fractions of C. humilis have different responses with different antioxidant methods. Our results suggest that the C. humilis could be used as a source of antioxidant agents and may be beneficial in the AD treatment

Antioxidant and Anticholinesterase Activity Evaluation of ent-Kaurane Diterpenoids from Sideritis arguta

The petroleum ether and acetone extracts of the aerial parts of Sideritis arguta afforded two new and six known diterpenoids with the ent-kaurane skeleton. The structures of the new diterpenoids were determined as ent-7 alpha,18-diacetoxy-16 beta-hydroxykaurane (diacetyidistanol) (1) and ent-7 alpha-acetoxy,15 alpha,18-dihydroxykaur-16-ene (15-epi-eubol) (2) by spectroscopic data interpretation. Antioxidant potential was investigated for the ent-kauranes and the plant extracts by three methods (beta-carotene bleaching, free-radical scavenging, and superoxide-anion scavenging activity). Acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activity were also evaluated, and the ent-kauranes eubol (3), sideroxol (5), and 7-epi-candicandiol (6) exhibited moderate butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activity

Antioxidant and anticholinesterase activities of eleven edible plants

Objective: The antioxidant potential and anticholinesterase activity of eleven edible plants were investigated

Screening Some Plants for their Antiproliferative Compounds

This paper covers the screening of the secondary plant products to find a cure against cancer which were piled up during the years. In early stages of these studies highly active antitumor glycoproteins were obtained from native Arizona (USA) plants. Later smaller molecules were isolated showing antitumor activity in different test systems. Among these compounds sesquiterpene lactones with an exo-methylene group in the lactone ring, unsaturated diterpenoids and some triterpenoids exhibited activity in vivo and in vitro test systems. A few Colchicum alkaloids showed high activity against murine lymphocytic leukemia (P388). Activity also established in some flavonoidal compounds. Today all around the world research on Natural Products is still going on

Constituents of Plantago major subsp. intermedia with antioxidant and anticholinesterase capacities

The methanol extract of Plantago major subsp. intermedia (Gilib.) Lange afforded 4 known compounds, namely isomartynoside (1), 10-hydroxymajoroside (2), beta-sitosterol (3), and ursolic acid (4). Their structures were established by spectroscopic methods. After determination of the total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the methanol extract, the antioxidant potentials of the crude extract and isolated compounds 1-4 were determined by beta-carotene bleaching, DPPH free radical and ABTS cation radical scavenging, and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity methods. The methanol extract, rich in phenolic contents, indicated the same DPPH free radical scavenging activity (72% inhibition) as a standard compound, butylated hydroxytoluene, at 100 mu g/mL. Isomartynoside (1), a phenylpropanoid glycoside, showed the best inhibition of lipid peroxidation, ABTS cation radical scavenging activity, and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity among the tested samples. The anticholinesterase effects of the methanol extract and isolated compounds 1-4 were established using the Ellman method. A triterpenic acid, ursolic acid (4), exhibited moderate acetyl- (54.01 +/- 0.82%) and butyryl-cholinesterase (68.74 +/- 0.36%) inhibitory activity at 200 mu g/mL. Isomartynoside (1) was isolated here for the first time from a Plantago species; the antioxidant and anticholinesterase activities of P. major subsp. intermedia and compounds 1-2 were not previously determined

Synthesis of indole-2-carbohydrazides and 2-(indol-2-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazoles as antioxidants and their acetylcholinesterase inhibition properties

A range of novel 4,6-dimethoxy-1H-indole-2-carbohydrazides was prepared starting from methyl 4,6-dimethoxy-1H-indole-2-carboxylate which underwent cyclodehydration to generate the corresponding 2-(indol-2-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole scaffolds in the presence of N,N-diisopropylethylamine and p-toluenesulfonyl chloride in acetonitrile. All novel compounds were fully characterized by H-1 NMR, C-13 NMR, FT-IR, and high-resolution mass spectroscopic data. Biological importance of the designated compounds was identified by employing three different antioxidant property determination assays, namely DPPH free radical scavenging, ABTS cationic radical decolarization, and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC). The anticholinesterase properties were also evaluated by the acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase enzyme inhibition assays. According to the results, the indole compounds possessing carbohydrazide functionality were found to be more promising antioxidant targets than the 2-(indol-2-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole systems. N'-Benzoyl-4,6-dimethoxy-1H-indole-2-carbohydrazide, a member of the dimethoxyindole-2-carbohydrazide group, demonstrated a better inhibition performance than the standards. Additionally, extremely important results were obtained in the anticholinesterase enzyme inhibition assays in the case of 2-(indol-2-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives. [GRAPHICS] .Gebze Technical UniversityGebze Teknik University; Dicle UniversityDicle UniversityWe gratefully acknowledge the financial support for this research from Gebze Technical University and Dicle University

Fatty Acid and Essential Oil Compositions of Trifolium angustifolium var. angustifolium with Antioxidant, Anticholinesterase and Antimicrobial Activities

This study represents the first report on the chemical composition and biological activity of Trifolium angustifolium var. angustifolium. The major components of the essential oil were identified as hexatriacontene (23.0%), arachidic acid (15.5%) and alpha-selinene (10.0%). The main constituents of the fatty acid obtained from the petroleum ether extract were identified as palmitic acid (29.8%), linoleic acid (18.6%) and oleic acid (10.5%). In particular, the water extract exhibited higher activity than alpha-tocopherol and BHT, which were used as standards in the ABTS cation radical scavenging assay and indicated higher inhibitory effect against acetylcholinesterase enzyme than the reference compound, galanthamine but exhibited weak activity in beta-carotene bleaching, DPPH-free radical scavenging, and cupric-reducing antioxidant capacity assays. The petroleum ether extract exhibited higher activity than alpha-tocopherol which was used as standard in the beta-carotene bleaching method at concentration 100 mu g/mL. The acetone extract exhibited higher activity than alpha-tocopherol which was used as standard cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) method at 100 mu g/mL concentration The acetone and methanol extracts were active on all microorganisms tested with a small zone diameter indicating weak activity

In-vitro Antioxidant, Cytotoxic, Cholinesterase Inhibitory Activities and Anti-Genotoxic Effects of Hypericum retusum Aucher Flowers, Fruits and Seeds Methanol Extracts in Human Mononuclear Leukocytes

WOS: 000396490200019PubMed ID: 28496476The present study investigates the antioxidant, anticancer, anticholinesterase, anti-genotoxic activities and phenolic contents of flower, fruit and seed methanol extracts of Hypericum retusum AUCHER. The amounts of protocatechuic acid, catechin, caffeic acid and syringic acid in methanol extracts were determined by HPLC. Total phenolic content of H. retusum seed extract was found more than fruit and flower extracts. The DPPH free radical scavenging activity of flower and seed methanol extracts showed close activity versus BHT as control. Among three extracts of H. retusum only flower methanol extract was exhibited considerable cytotoxic activities against to HeLa and NRK-52E cell lines. Moreover, seed methanol extract showed both acetyl and butyrl-cholinesterase inhibitory activity. The highest anti-genotoxic effects were seen 25 and 50 mu g/mL concentrations. In this study, the extracts showed a strong antioxidant and anti-genotoxic effect. The seed extract was more efficient-than extracts of fruit and flowers. Our results suggest that the antioxidant and anti-genotoxic effects of extracts depend on their phenolic contents. Further studies should evaluate the in-vitro and in-vivo the benefits of H. retusum seed methanol extracts.Mardin Artuklu University [MAU-BAP-12-SYO-04]The present study was supported by Mardin Artuklu University. Grant number: MAU-BAP-12-SYO-04. The authors also are grateful for Dr. Ersin Kilinc for kind advice and help throughout this work