International cooperation in the field of fighting crime: Directions, levels and forms of realization

Purpose: The article is devoted to the research of the issue of the international cooperation between law enforcement agencies of the States and international organizations in the area of combating crime and characterization of directions, levels and forms of its implementation. Methodology: The research methodology is based on the results of scientific studies of national (Ukrainian), and European scientists on the issues of the international cooperation in the area of combating crime. The methodological basis of the study is a set of general and special methods of scientific knowledge, such as comparative, statistical, systems analysis, historical and legal, systemically and structural methods. Results: The study allowed determining the directions of international cooperation in the area of crime control, such as the enshrinement of international unlawfulness of crimes; formation of international standards of human rights and freedoms; conclusion of international treaties; investigation of manifestations of international crime; research activity. The levels of international cooperation in the area of crime control such as level of bilateral cooperation and cooperation at the regional and global levels are defined. The forms of international cooperation in the area of combating crime are: international legal assistance, extradition of a person suspected in committing a crime, adoption of criminal proceedings; transfer of convicted to imprisonment for the further execution of a punishment; international search; ensuring the rights and freedoms of citizens during criminal proceedings in another State; information exchange

Оптимізація хірургічного лікування спайкової хвороби у дітей

Adhesive disease is a term used to describe conditions associated with the formation of an adhesive process in the abdominal cavity as a result of a number of reasons, the main of which is mechanical damage to the parietal and visceral peritoneum and it is characterized by varying degrees of pain and frequent adhesions.Спайкова хвороба – термін, який використовується для опису станів, пов’язаних з утворенням адгезивного процесу в черевній порожнині в результаті ряду причин, основною з яких є механічне ушкодження парієтальної та вісцеральної очеревини, і характеризується різним ступенем вираженості больового синдрому та частими виникненнями спайкової кишкової непрохідності

The principle of FPh for the correction of disynchrony of the intestinal motor-evacuation function in children

Background. In recent years, among pediatric gastroenterological pathologies, the prevalence of congenital malformations of the colon causing the development of organic and functional diseases of the entire digestive system has increased. The purpose was to identify onset mechanisms of the bowel evacuation function disorders, to establish their basic links and develop an adequate medical and preventive treatment program aimed at their elimination, which in turn will allow preventing the development of pathologic complications and decompensation in children with dolichocolon. Materials and methods. We have studied circadian dysregulation of the bowel evacuation function in 252 children aged 4 to 15 years using chronoenterography. Results. Children with a decompensated chronic constipation associated with congenital lengthening of the sigmoid colon have demonstrated a slowdown of the bowel evacuation function in the form of III–IV bradyenteria with pessimal acrophase and a tendency to develop enteria. Regular circadian rhythm of the bowel evacuation function is an attribute of the digestive system functioning. To treat disynchrony, we propose the FP (Four P) principle aimed to prevent the onset and progression of chronic constipation in children with dolichocolon. Conclusions. Consequently, the severity of bradyenteria and definitive actophase are diagnostically valuable clinical symptoms in patients with dolichocolon. The use of the chronometric approach to the correction of the bowel motor-evacuation function disorders in children with chronic constipation associated with congenital lengthening of the sigmoid colon allows achieving positive clinical dynamics and can be used as a component of the medical and preventive treatment program in congenital lengthening of the sigmoid colon

Slow transit constipation with dolichosigmoid in children – possibilities of surgical treatment

Introduction. Chronic constipations in children occupy one of the leading places in pediatric gastroenterological practice. Conservative treatment if effective in 90-92%. Although, children with refractory slow transit constipations caused by dolichosigmoid in case of ineffective medical treatment require other ways to solve the problem, surgery may be one of them. Aim of the Study. To elaborate effective methods of surgical treatment of dolichosigmoid in children. Methods. The results of surgical treatment of 61 children with dolichosigmoid aged from 6 to 18 have been analyzed. The children were divided into two groups: I group (n = 32 children) – surgical treatment by means of resection of the sigmoid colon was analyzed; ІІ group (n = 29 children) – the efficacy of the suggested surgery was analyzed, long-term functional results were studied, clinical efficacy of the applied methods was evaluated. Rectal biopsy was performed, irrigoradiographic examinations were estimated, the indices of anosphincterometry were studied. Results. According to the findings of radiologic examinations dolichosigmoid in children should be classified into isolated and combined with dilation of the rectum. In case of dolichosigmoid with dilated rectum hypogangliosis is found histologically. Conclusions. During surgical treatment of dolichosigmoid in children with dilation of the rectum the operation of Soave-Boley endorectal pull-through is recommended to be performed. In case of isolated dolichosigmoid in children the operation of sigmoidectomy is indicated with descendorectal end-to-end anastomosis with formation of distal colon ligament

The application of a new technique of individualized dosage of intravenous laser irradiation of blood in multimodality treatment of peritonitis in children

Вивчено вплив внутрішньовенного лазерного опромінення крові у хворих на перитоніт дітей. З метою підвищення ефективності комплексного лікування розроблено нову методику індивідуального дозування опромінення, в експерименті на білих інфантильних щурах встановлено часові параметри лазерного опромінення. Запропоновану методику впроваджено в лікувальну практику