Tilting chains of negative curves on rational surfaces

We introduce the notion of exact tilting objects, which are partial tilting objects $T$ inducing an equivalence between the abelian category generated by $T$ and the category of modules over the endomorphism algebra of $T$. Given a chain of sufficiently negative rational curves on a rational surface, we construct an exceptional sequence whose universal extension is an exact tilting object. For a chain of (-2)-curves, we obtain an equivalence with modules over a well known algebra.Comment: 13 page

Molecular phylogenetics, systematics and host-plant associations of the <em>Bruchidius</em> albosparsus (Fåhraeus) species group (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Bruchinae) with the description of four new species.

International audienceBruchidius Schilsky is a large paraphyletic genus of seed beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) which consists of multiple lineages that are usually associated with narrow sets of host-plants. In this study we focus on a group that mostly develops on wattle trees (acacias) belonging to the genus Vachellia Wight & Arn. This group originally included nine species and was designated as the Bruchidius centromaculatus (Allard) species group, but recent phylogenetic analyses revealed that these species belong to a much wider group of species with similar morphologies. For reasons of anteriority we call this enlarged group Bruchidius albosparsus (Fåhraeus). Here we review the morphology of species in this group and provide new diagnoses and ecological data for 10 species. The following combinations and synonymies are proposed: Bruchidius tanaensis (Pic, 1921) (= Bruchus tanaensis Pic, 1921) comb. nov. and Bruchidius albosparsus (Fåhraeus, 1839) (= Bruchus spadiceus Fåhraeus, 1839) syn. nov. Four new species are also described: B. eminingensis sp. nov., B. gerrardiicola sp. nov., B. glomeratus sp. nov. and B. haladai sp. nov. Finally we carried out molecular phylogenetic analyses on a multi-marker dataset of 59 specimens and 35 species, including 14 species from the group. The resulting trees allow us to confirm the monophyly of the group of interest and provide a more detailed picture of their evolutionary relationships

FIGURES 5 – 8 in Molecular phylogenetics, systematics and host-plant associations of the Bruchidius albosparsus (Fåhraeus) species group (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Bruchinae) with the description of four new species

FIGURES 5 – 8. Bruchidius elnairensis (male): 5 — median lobe (ventral view); 6 — lateral lobes (ventral view); Bruchidius eminingensis (male): 7 — median lobe (ventral view); 8 — lateral lobes (ventral view)

Phylogeny and systematics of the Acrapex apicestriata (Bethune-Baker, 1911) species complex (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Noctuinae, Apameini, Sesamiina) with the description of eight new species from the Afrotropics

International audienceTwelve morphologically similar species of Acrapex Hampson 1894, (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Noctuinae, Apameini, Sesamiina), from Western, Central and Eastern Africa are reviewed. Eight of these species are new to science and are described: Acrapex akunamatatan. sp. and A. incrassata n. sp. from Kenya; A. gracilis n. sp., A. iringa n. sp., A. lukumbura n. sp. and A. rungwe n. sp. from Tanzania; A. soyema n. sp. from Ethiopia; and A. zoutoi n. sp. from Benin. All 12 species belong to a species complex that we hereby define as the Acrapex apicestriata group. Host-plants for three of the new species are recorded: Setaria incrassata (Hochst.) Hack. for Acrapex incrassata; Cymbopogon pospishilii (K. Schum.) C.E. Hubb. for A. rungwe; and Andropogon perligulatus Stapf. for A. zoutoi. We also conducted molecular phylogenetic analyses (using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference) on a six gene multimarker molecular dataset (four mitochondrial and two nuclear gene fragments; 4581 nucleotides in length) consisting of 15 Acrapex species (including seven species from the apicestriata group) and four outgroups species from the subtribe Sesamiina (from genera Busseola Thurau 1904, Sciomesa Tams & Bowden 1953, Pirateolea Moyal, Le Ru, Conlong, Cugala, Defabachew, Matama-Kauma, Pallangyo & Van den Berg 2010 and Sesamia Boisduval & Guenee 1852). Both maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses yield a similar and well-supported topology, which supports the monophyly of the apicestriata group

Vers la comprehension de la systématique et de l’évolution du genre Acrapex Hampson, 1894 (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae : Apameini : Sesamiina) : phylogénie moléculaire du genre et définition du groupe Acrapex aenigma

International audienceSummary: With a species count reaching almost 100 species, the genus Acrapex is the most diverse genus of sesamiine stemborers (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Noctuinae: Apameini: Sesamiina). Acrapex species are mostly distributed in the Afrotropics and consist of several large clades corresponding to distinct species complexes. In this study, 45 morphologically similar species of Acrapex from sub-Saharan Africa are reviewed, including 22 new species that are described: Acrapex alemuran. sp., A. barnsin. sp., A. capelongon. sp., A. congoensisn. sp., A. elgonan. sp., A. elisabethianan. sp., A. eucanthan. sp., A. grandisn. sp., A. igominyin. sp., A. inexpectatan. sp., A. ketoman. sp., A. lilomwin. sp., A. mafingan. sp., A. maketen. sp., A. marungun. sp., A. mazoen. sp., A. mlanjen. sp., Acrapex muchingan. sp., A. ngorongoron. sp., A. obscuran. sp., A. ruirun. sp. and A. wittein. sp. Supplemental descriptions for previously described species are provided as well. These 45 species are assigned to the newly defined Acrapex aenigma species group. We also conduct molecular phylogenetic analyses and molecular species delimitation analyses on a multi-marker (four mitochondrial and two nuclear genes) molecular dataset encompassing 304 specimens (including 256 Acrapex specimens from 54 species of which 16 species belong to the A. aenigma group). Molecular phylogenetics analyses recover well-supported relationships within Acrapex and support the monophyly of the newly defined group. Results of molecular species delimitation analyses are mostly congruent and tend to corroborate the status of the sampled Acrapex species. Consistent with what has been previously found in other studies, the comparison of results from distinct methods and settings for molecular species delimitation analyses allows us to assess species boundaries with more confidence.Avec près d’une centaine d’espèces le genre Acrapex est le genre de noctuelles foreuses le plus diversifié de la sous-tribu des Sesamiina (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae : Noctuinae : Apameini). Les Acrapex sont majoritairement distribués dans la région Afrotropicale et sont composés de plusieurs clades correspondant à différents complexes d’espèces. Dans cette étude, 45 espèces morphologiquement proches d’Acrapex sub-sahariens sont étudiées, au rang desquelles figurent 22 nouvelles espèces que nous décrivons : Acrapex alemura n. sp., A. barnsi n. sp., A. capelongo n. sp., A. congoensis n. sp., A. elgona n. sp., A. elisabethiana n. sp., A. eucantha n. sp., A. grandis n. sp., A. igominyi n. sp., A. inexpectata n. sp., A. ketoma n. sp., A. lilomwi n. sp., A. mafinga n. sp., A. makete n. sp., A. marungu n. sp., A. mazoe n. sp., A. mlanje n. sp., A. muchinga n. sp., A. ngorongoro n. sp., A. obscura n. sp., A. ruiru n. sp., and A. wittei n. sp. Nous fournissons également des descriptions supplémentaires pour des espèces déjà décrites. Ces 45 espèces sont assignées au groupe d’espèces Acrapex aenigma, que nous définissons. Nous avons également réalisé des analyses de reconstruction phylogénétique et des analyses de délimitation moléculaire d’espèces sur un jeu de données moléculaires multimarqueurs (quatre gènes mitochondriaux et deux gènes nucléaires) comprenant 304 spécimens (incluant 256 Acrapex de 54 espèces dont 16 appartiennent au groupe A. aenigma). Les analyses phylogénétiques retrouvent des topologies bien supportées au sein du genre Acrapex et soutiennent l’hypothèse de monophylie du groupe d’espèces nouvellement défini. Les résultats des analyses de délimitation moléculaire d’espèces sont majoritaitement en accord et tendent à soutenir le statut d’espèce des Acrapex échantillonnés. Conformément à ce qui a été mis en évidence dans d’autres études, la comparaison des résultats de différentes méthodes et paramétrages d’analyses de délimitation moléculaire d’espèces permet ainsi d’estimer les contours des espèces avec plus de confiance

Molecular phylogenetics and definition of the Acrapex minima Janse group (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Apameini, Sesamiina) with the description of four new species from the Afrotropics

International audienceFive morphologically similar species of Acrapex Hampson (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Noctuinae, Apameini), from sub-Saharan Africa are reviewed, including four new species that are described: Acrapex mondogeneta Le Ru n. sp., A. mubale Le Ru n. sp., A. robe Le Ru n. sp. and A. rubona Le Ru n. sp. These five species belong to a species complex that we hereby define as the Acrapex minima group. Host plants of three species are recorded; Acrapex minima is recorded for the first time on a host plant, Digitaria natalensis Stent; A. mondogeneta on Hyparrhenia hirta (L.) Stapf and A. rubona on Imperata cylindrica (L.) P. Beauv. We also conducted molecular phylogenetics (using both Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood) and molecular species delimitation analyses (Poisson tree processes) on a six gene multi-marker dataset (four mitochondrial and two nuclear gene fragments; 4582 nucleotides in length) of 42 specimens and 22 species, including 23 specimens from the Acrapex minima group. The results of the corresponding analyses support the monophyly of the group and the species status of the newly described taxa

Updated phylogenetic and systematics of the Acrapex albivena Hampson, 1910 and A. stygiata (Hampson, 1910) species groups (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Noctuinae, Apameini, Sesamiina), with the description of nine new species from the Afrotropics

International audienceThe genus Acrapex Hampson, 1891 (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Noctuinae, Apameini, Sesamiina) constitutes a speciose group of noctuid stemborers mostly distributed in the Afrotropics. In this study nine new Acrapex species are described: Acrapex abyssinica n. sp., Acrapex dabaga n. sp., Acrapex jansei n. sp., Acrapex kifanya n. sp., Acrapex lusinga n. sp., Acrapex ngwenya n. sp., Acrapex njombea n. sp., Acrapex vetiveria n. sp. and Acrapex zima n. sp. All species are assigned to the A. albivena group with the exception of A. lusinga which is assigned to the A. stygiata group. We also provide supplemental descriptions for two previously described species of the A. albivena group, A. punctosa Berio, 1973 and A. sysciodes Berio, 1973, and for one species belonging to the A. stygiata group: A. brunneella Le Ru, 2014. Host plants of three species are recorded; A. brunneella and Acrapex jansei were reared on Cymbopogon pospischilii (K.Schum.) C.E.Hubb and A. vetiveria on Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.). We also conducted molecular phylogenetic analyses (using both Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood) on a multi-marker (four mitochondrial and two nuclear genes) molecular dataset encompassing 138 specimens (including 98 specimens from the A. albivena group and 23 specimens from the A. stygiata group) from 48 stemborer species. The results of the corresponding analyses support the monophyly of the two groups of interest and the species status of all newly described taxa, except for A. lusinga that was not sequenced. The phylogenetic analyses also unravel several evolutionary lineages whose precise status is pending because their DNA was extracted from larval stages.Actualisation des connaissances de la phylogénie et de la systématique des groupes d’espèces Acrapex albivena Hampson, 1910 et A. stygiata (Hampson, 1910) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Noctuinae, Apameini, Sesamiina), avec la description de neuf nouvelles espèces de la région Afrotropicale. Le genre Acrapex Hampson, 1891 (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Noctuinae, Apameini, Sesamiina) est un groupe diversifié de noctuelles foreuses, majoritairement distribué dans la région Afrotropicale. Dans cette étude neuf espèces nouvelles sont décrites : Acrapex abyssinica n. sp., Acrapex dabaga n. sp., Acrapex jansei n. sp., Acrapex kifanya n. sp., A. lusinga n. sp., Acrapex ngwenya n. sp., Acrapex njombea n. sp., Acrapex vetiveria n. sp. et Acrapex zima n. sp. Toutes ces espèces sont assignées au groupe d’espèce A. albivena à l’exception d’A. lusinga qui est assignée au groupe d’espèce A. stygiata. Nous fournissons également des descriptions supplémentaires pour deux espèces, A. punctosa Berio, 1973 et A. sysciodes, Berio 1973, précedemment décrites dans le groupe A. albivena ainsi que pour A. brunneella Le Ru, 2014, une espèce qui appartient au groupe A. stygiata. Les plantes-hôtes de trois espèces sont répertoriées ; Acrapex brunneella et A. jansei ont été élevées sur Cymbopogon pospischilii (K. Schum.) C. E. Hubb et A. vetiveria sur Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.). Nous avons également réalisé des analyses de reconstruction phylogénétique (utilisant à la fois l’inférence Bayésienne et le maximum de vraisemblance) sur un jeu de données moléculaires multi-marqueurs (quatre gènes mitochondriaux et deux gènes nucléaires) comprenant 138 specimens (incluant 98 specimens du groupe A. albivena et 23 specimens du groupe A. stygiata) de 48 espèces de foreurs. Les résultats de ces analyses soutiennent à la fois l’hypothèse de monophylie des deux groupes d’intérêt et le statut d’espèces des taxa nouvellement décris, à l’exception d’A. lusinga qui n’a pas été séquencé. Les analyses phylogénétiques révèlent également l’existence de plusieurs lignées évolutives distinctes dont le statut reste à définir car leur ADN a été extrait de stades larvaire

Phylogenetic analysis and systematics of the Acrapex unicolora Hampson species complex (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Apameini), with the description of five new species from the Afrotropics

Ten morphologically similar species of Acrapex Hampson, 1891 (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Noctuinae, Apameini) from Central and Eastern Africa are reviewed, including five new species: Acrapex kafula le Ru sp. nov., A. kavumba le Ru sp. nov., A. kiakouama le Ru sp. nov., A. miscantha le Ru sp. nov. and A. simillima le Ru sp. nov. Evidence is provided to transfer the monotypic genus Poecopa Bowden, 1956 to the genus Acrapex. Host plants of five species are recorded, some of them for the first time. Acrapex kavumba sp. nov., A. miscantha sp. nov. and A. simillima sp. nov. were found on one host plant each. Acrapex mediopuncta, previously reported in West Africa from Pennisetum purpureum Schumach., Rottboellia compressa L., Setaria megaphylla (Steud) Dur. & Schinz. and Sorghum arundinaceum (Desv.) Stapf, was only found from S. megaphylla in Central Africa. Larvae of Acrapex unicolora were collected on Andropogon gayanus Kunth, Chrysopogon zizanoides (L.) Roberty, Cymbopogon schoenanthus subsp. proximus (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Maire & Weller, Cymbopogon pospischiilii (K.Schum.) C.E.Hubb., Hyparrhenia diplandra (Hack.) Stapf and Setaria sphacelata (Schumach.) Moss. We also conducted molecular phylogenetic analyses (using maximum likelihood) and molecular species delimitation analyses on a comprehensive sample of 61 specimens belonging to eight of the studied species. Molecular phylogenetic analyses provided additional evidence of the synonymy of Acrapex and Poecopa, whereas molecular species delimitation analyses support the validity of the five newly described species and unravel another potential new species, only collected in the larval stage

Diversity of lepidopteran stem borers on monocotyledonous plants in eastern Africa and the islands of Madagascar and Zanzibar revisited

Surveys were completed in Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique, Tanzania, Uganda and Zanzibar to assess the lepidopteran stem borer species diversity on wild host plants. A total of 24,674 larvae belonging to 135 species were collected from 75 species of wild host plants belonging to the Poaceae, Cyperaceae and Typhaceae. Amongst them were 44 noctuid species belonging to at least nine genera, 33 crambids, 15 pyralids, 16 Pyraloidea species not yet identified, 25 tortricids and three cossids. The noctuid larvae represented 73.6% of the total number of larvae collected, with 66.3, 3.5 and 3.8% found on Poaceae, Cyperaceae and Typhaceae, respectively. The Crambidae, Pyralidae, Tortricidae and Cossidae represented 19.8, 1.9, 2.5 and 0.1% of the total larvae collected, respectively, with 90.4% of the Crambidae and Pyralidae collected from Poaceae, and 99.7% of the Tortricidae collected from Cyperaceae. The lepidopteran stem borer species diversity in the wild host plants was far more diverse than previously reported