Composition Challenges for Sensor Data Visualization

International audienceConnected objects and monitoring systems continuously produce data about their environment. Dashboards are then designed to aggregate and present these data to end-users. Technologies used to design and implement visualization dashboards are babbling from a software engineering point of view. This paper highlights how this domain could benefit from leveraging separation of concerns and software composition paradigms to support dashboard design

Distillation of 56^{56}Fe in Ultramassive O-Ne White Dwarfs

When white dwarfs freeze the plasma mixtures inside them undergo separation processes which can produce radical changes in the composition profile of the star. The abundance of neutron rich elements, such as $^{22}$Ne or $^{56}$Fe, determines whether or not the first crystals are more or less dense than the surrounding fluid and thus whether they sink or float. These processes have now been studied for C-O-Ne and C-O-Fe mixtures, finding that distillation and precipitation processes are possible in white dwarfs. In this work, we calculate the phase diagram of more complicated O-Ne-Fe mixtures and make predictions for the internal structure of the separated white dwarf. There are two possible outcomes determined by a complicated interplay between the Ne abundance, the $^{22}$Ne fraction, and the $^{56}$Fe abundance. Either Fe distills to form an inner core because the first O-Ne solids are buoyant, or an O-Ne inner core forms and Fe accumulates in the liquid until Fe distillation begins and forms a Fe shell. In the case of an Fe shell, a Rayleigh-Taylor instability may arise and overturn the core. In either case, Fe distillation may only produce a cooling delay of order 0.1 Gyr as these processes occur early at high white dwarf luminosities. Fe inner cores and shells may be detectable through asteroseismology and could enhance the yield of neutron rich elements such as $^{55}$Mn and $^{58}$Ni in supernovae.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in Ap

The Incentives for Tax Planning

We use a proprietary data set with detailed executive compensation information to examine the relationship between the incentives of the tax director and GAAP and cash effective tax rates, the book-tax gap, and measures of tax aggressiveness. We find that the incentive compensation of the tax director exhibits a strong negative relationship with the GAAP effective tax rate, but little relationship with the other tax attributes. We interpret these results as indicating that tax directors are provided with incentives to reduce the level of tax expense reported in the financial statements

Corporate Governance, Incentives, and Tax Avoidance

We examine the link between corporate governance, managerial incentives, and corporate tax avoidance. Similar to other investment opportunities that involve risky expected cash flows, unresolved agency problems may lead managers to engage in more or less corporate tax avoidance than shareholders would otherwise prefer. Consistent with the mixed results reported in prior studies, we find no relation between various corporate governance mechanisms and tax avoidance at the conditional mean and median of the tax avoidance distribution. However, using quantile regression, we find a positive relation between board independence and financial sophistication for low levels of tax avoidance, but a negative relation for high levels of tax avoidance. These results indicate that these governance attributes have a stronger relation with more extreme levels of tax avoidance, which are more likely to be symptomatic of over- and under-investment by managers

La participation photographique des Inuit dans le développement touristique du parc national Tursujuq (Nunavik)

Les paysages du Nunavik sont représentés par les images du tourisme national et international et non par le filtre des images inuit. La mondialisation et le pouvoir de l’image ne font qu’accroître le besoin de visibilité des territoires et des identités, mettant ici en vis-à-vis l’émergence de la photographie inuit avec les représentations iconographiques occidentales. À cela s’ajoute une démocratie participative à la proue de tous les projets d’aménagement. Ainsi, sur un territoire où l’on s’exprime en trois langues autochtones (l’inuktitut, le cri et le naskapi) auxquelles s’ajoutent le français et l’anglais, comment l’imagibilité inuit peut-elle devenir un outil de médiation paysagère dans un projet de parc national québécois

The fine structure of developmental stages of Babesia caballi in the salivary glands of Hyalomma truncatum

The development of Babesia caballi in the salivary glands of Hyalomma truncatum was studied at the electron microscopic level. Kinetes were first observed in the salivary glands of ticks on Day 2 of tick feeding and on each subsequent day of feeding until engorgement on Day 8. Sporogony appeared to involve the formation of cytomeres. After continued nuclear division, sporozoites formed when individual rounded nuclei were incorporated into portions of cytoplasm. Sporozoites were first observed on Day 4 of tick feeding and contained typical Babesia spp. organelles with a polar ring and up to 4 rhoptries, spherical bodies, a nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum and micronemes. The infection rate in the ticks was approximately 80%.The articles have been scanned in colour with a HP Scanjet 5590; 600dpi. Adobe Acrobat XI Pro was used to OCR the text and also for the merging and conversion to the final presentation PDF-format.lmchunu2014mn201

Comparative infection rates of Theileria parva lawrencei in salivary glands of Rhipicephalus appendiculatus and Rhipicephalus zambeziensis

Three cattle, which had been experimentally infected with Theileria parva lawrencei and maintained as carriers of the infection, were each infested simultaneously with clean nymphal Rhipicephalus appendiculatus and Rhipicephalus zambeziensis in ear bags on separate ears. After moulting, the ensuing adult ticks were fed on rabbits for 4 days and their salivary glands were examined for infective stages of the parasite. Microscopic examination revealed significantly higher infection rates in the salivary glands of R. zambeziensis than in R. appendiculatus which may indicate an increased vector efficiency of R. zambeziensis for T. p. lawrencei.The articles have been scanned in colour with a HP Scanjet 5590; 600dpi. Adobe Acrobat XI Pro was used to OCR the text and also for the merging and conversion to the final presentation PDF-format.lmchunu2014mn201

An ultrastructural study of the development of Babesia occultans in the salivary glands of adult Hyalomma marginatum rufipes

The development of Babesia occultans in the salivary glands of adult Hyalomma marginatum rufipes was studied with the electron microscope. Sporogony involved a process of multiple fission in which sporozoites formed from the periphery of a polymorphous sporont. Different stages of development were found concurrently in individual acini as well as within individual acinar cells. Mature sporozoites were found on Day 3 post-tick attachment and measures 3,0-3,5 x 1,5 µm. The apical complex consisted of a polar ring and 4-6 rhoptries. Micronemes were concentrated anteriorly and 1 or 2 spherical bodies were identlfied in each sporozoite. The general pattern of development was similar to that described in several other Babesia spp. but distinct morphologic differences were noted.The articles have been scanned in colour with a HP Scanjet 5590; 600dpi. Adobe Acrobat XI Pro was used to OCR the text and also for the merging and conversion to the final presentation PDF-format.lmchunu2014mn201

The effects of high rearing density on the potential for domestication selection in hatchery culture of steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Hatchery-reared steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) often have lower fitness than natural-origin fish when spawning in the wild. Fitness loss in hatcheries is partly due to genetic adaptation to captivity (domestication), but the underlying selection pressures driving adaptation remain unknown. Circumstantial evidence suggests that adaptation to hatcheries is accelerated when fish are reared at high density. We hypothesized two mechanisms by which high rearing densities could accelerate adaptation to the hatchery. First, high density could increase the among-family component of variation in fork length, which could increase the opportunity for selection after release. Second, a growth trade-off in fork length among families could occur across densities (family-by-environment interaction). We raised the same set of families, in replicate, at each of two densities. We found main effects of density (high density reduced body size) and family (accounted for 33%–53% of variance in size at release) on juvenile fork length. However, high density did not increase the percentage of variance in fork length among families, and there was weak evidence for a family-by-environment interaction. We propose an alternate model of how increased density might exacerbate domestication selection. The relationship between size at release and probability of survival is strongly nonlinear (almost truncational) for steelhead. Because high density decreases the fork lengths of all families approximately equally, high density could simply reduce the number of families that are above a threshold for high survival, resulting in strong among-family selection after release from the hatchery

The lipoatrophic caveolin-1 deficient mouse model reveals autophagy in mature adipocytes

Adipose tissue lipoatrophy caused by caveolin gene deletion in mice is not linked to defective adipocyte differentiation. We show that adipose tissue development cannot be rescued by endothelial specific caveolin-1 re-expression, indicating primordial role of caveolin in mature adipocytes. Partial or total caveolin deficiency in adipocytes induced broad protein expression defects, including but not limited to previously described downregulation of insulin receptor. Global alterations in protein turnover, and accelerated degradation of long-lived proteins were found in caveolin-deficient adipocytes. Lipidation of endogenous LC3 autophagy marker and distribution of GFP-LC3 into aggregates demonstrated activated autophagy in the absence of caveolin-1 in adipocytes. Furthermore, electron microscopy revealed autophagic vacuoles in caveolin-1 deficient but not control adipocytes. Surprisingly, significant levels of lipidated LC3-II were found around lipid droplets of normal adipocytes, maintained in nutrient-rich conditions or isolated from fed mice, which do not display autophagy. Altogether, these data indicate that caveolin deficiency induce autophagy in adipocytes, a feature that is not a physiological response to fasting in normal fat cells. This likely resulted from defective insulin and lipolytic responses that converge in chronic nutrient shortage in adipocytes lacking caveolin-1. This is the first report of a pathological situation with autophagy as an adaptative response to adipocyte failure