96 research outputs found
Recommended from our members
Jersey milk suitability for Cheddar cheese production: process, yield, quality and financial impacts
The aim of this study was to first evaluate the benefits of including Jersey milk into
Holstein-Friesian milk on the Cheddar cheese making process and secondly, using the data
gathered, identify the effects and relative importance of a wide range of milk components
on milk coagulation properties and the cheese making process.
Blending Jersey and Holstein-Friesian milk led to quadratic trends on the size of casein
micelle and fat globule and on coagulation properties. However this was not found to affect
the cheese making process. Including Jersey milk was found, on a pilot scale, to increase
cheese yield (up to + 35 %) but it did not affect cheese quality, which was defined as
compliance with the legal requirements of cheese composition, cheese texture, colour and
grading scores. Profitability increased linearly with the inclusion of Jersey milk (up to
11.18 p£ L-1 of milk). The commercial trials supported the pilot plant findings,
demonstrating that including Jersey milk increased cheese yield without having a negative
impact on cheese quality, despite the inherent challenges of scaling up such a process
commercially.
The successful use of a large array of milk components to model the cheese making
process challenged the commonly accepted view that fat, protein and casein content and
protein to fat ratio are the main contributors to the cheese making process as other
components such as the size of casein micelle and fat globule were found to also play a key
role with small casein micelle and large fat globule reducing coagulation time, improving
curd firmness, fat recovery and influencing cheese moisture and fat content.
The findings of this thesis indicated that milk suitability for Cheddar making could be
improved by the inclusion of Jersey milk and that more compositional factors need to be
taken into account when judging milk suitability
Recommended from our members
Effect of blending Jersey and Holstein-Friesian milk on Cheddar cheese processing, composition and quality
The effect of Jersey milk use solely or at different inclusion rates in Holstein-Friesian milk on Cheddar cheese production was investigated. Cheese was produced every month over a year using nonstandardized milk consisting of 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% Jersey milk in Holstein-Friesian milk in a 100-L vat. Actual, theoretical, and moisture-adjusted yield increased linearly with percentage of Jersey milk. This was also associated with increased fat and protein recoveries and lower yield of whey. The composition of whey was also affected by the percentage of Jersey milk, with lower whey protein and higher whey lactose and solids. Cutting time was lower when Jersey milk was used, but the cutting to milling time was higher because of slower acidity development. Hence, overall cheesemaking time was not affected by the use of Jersey milk. Using Jersey milk increased cheese fat content in autumn, winter, and spring and decreased cheese moisture in spring and summer. Cheese protein, salt, and pH levels were not affected. Cheese was analyzed for texture and color, and it was professionally graded at 3 and 8 mo. The effect of Jersey on cheese sensory quality was an increase in cheese yellowness during summer and a higher total grading score at 3 mo in winter; no other difference in cheese quality was found. The study indicates that using Jersey milk is a valid method of improving Cheddar cheese yield
Search for lepton-flavor-violating decays at Belle
We have searched for neutrinoless lepton decays into and ,
where stands for an electron or muon, and for a vector meson
(, , , or ), using 543 fb
of data collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy
collider. No excess of signal events over the expected background has
been observed, and we set upper limits on the branching fractions in the range
at the 90% confidence level. These upper limits
include the first results for the mode as well as new limits that
are significantly more restrictive than our previous results for the , , and modes.Comment: 7 pages, 16 figure
Search for neutrinoless decays tau -> 3l
We have searched for neutrinoless tau lepton decays into three charged
leptons using an 87.1 fb^{-1} data sample collected with the Belle detector at
the KEKB e^+e^- collider. Since the number of signal candidate events is
compatible with that expected from the background, we set 90% confidence level
upper limits on the branching fractions in the range (1.9-3.5) x 10^{-7} for
various decay modes tau -> l l l where l represents e or mu.Comment: 12 pages, 4figure
Effects of sleep deprivation on neural functioning: an integrative review
Sleep deprivation has a broad variety of effects on human performance and neural functioning that manifest themselves at different levels of description. On a macroscopic level, sleep deprivation mainly affects executive functions, especially in novel tasks. Macroscopic and mesoscopic effects of sleep deprivation on brain activity include reduced cortical responsiveness to incoming stimuli, reflecting reduced attention. On a microscopic level, sleep deprivation is associated with increased levels of adenosine, a neuromodulator that has a general inhibitory effect on neural activity. The inhibition of cholinergic nuclei appears particularly relevant, as the associated decrease in cortical acetylcholine seems to cause effects of sleep deprivation on macroscopic brain activity. In general, however, the relationships between the neural effects of sleep deprivation across observation scales are poorly understood and uncovering these relationships should be a primary target in future research
Search for neutrinoless decays tau -> lhh and tau -> lV0
We have searched for neutrinoless tau lepton decays into l h h or l V0, where
l stands for an electron or muon, h for a charged light hadron, pi or K, and V0
for a neutral vector meson, rho, K*(892) and phi, using a 158 /fb data sample
collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB e+e- collider. Since the number
of events observed are consistent with the expected background, we set upper
limits on the branching fractions in the range of 1.6-8.0 x 10-7 for various
decay modes at the 90% confidence level.Comment: 15 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables, submitted to Phys. Lett.
Insect infestation of corn roots in Illinois
Cover title
- …