7 research outputs found
Seasonal influenza vaccination coverage: EHIS survey results versus OECD statistics
Predrag Duric - ORCID: 0000-0001-5770-7224Fiona O'May - ORCID: 0000-0003-4417-2819Seasonal influenza vaccination is one of the most important tools of prevention. Countries currently use many different methodologies to measure national influenza vaccine coverage in populations at higher risk. The study uses two main data sources: The European Health Interview Survey (EHIS) (collected by Eurostat) and OECD statistics, and compares both results. Findings showed that the EHIS survey results observed in this study are mainly lower than OECD data. This can mean that international sources provide overestimated data of coverage compared to outcomes from population surveys.https://nuife.org30pubpub
PDB132 COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF THROMBOLYSIS WITH ALTEPLASE IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE ISCHEMIC STROKE IN SLOVAKIA
ΠΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π¨ΠΈΡΡΠ° 6-Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ»Π°Π²Π°Π½ΠΎΠ½Π° Π½Π° Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΠΠ‘-ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Saccharomyces cerevisiae Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ Π΄ΡΡ Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
DNA binding properties of 2ΚΉ-hydroxyflavanon and SCHIFF base derivative
Flavanoids a class of plant and fungus secondary metabolites. 2ΚΉ-Hydroxyflavanone was previously isolated from Mimosa pudica(L.) whole plant and was found to exhibit anti-inflammatory effects in vitro and binding with calf timus DNA. There are also reports on anti-inflammatory properties of compounds bearing flavanone/chromone nucleus. The aim of this work was to develop a synthesis of new azomethine compounds derived from flavanones, to examine their spectroscopic properties and interaction with DNA. 2ΚΉ-Hydroxyflavanone and thiocarbohydrazide were used as substrates in the synthesis. The obtained products were analyzed by 1H NMR spectroscopy, UVVis. Ultraviolet spectroscopy was used to analyze the chemical-physical properties. Mechanism of interaction of bioactive 2ΚΉ-hydroxyflavanone with calf thymus deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was studied employing UV absorption. 2ΚΉ-Hydroxyflavanon and 2ΚΉHFTCH are photostable in DMSO. The interaction of 2ΚΉ-hydroxyflavanone and its derivative occurs by the mechanism of intercalation. The change in the structure of the 2ΚΉ-hydroxyflavanone molecule by Schiff base modification leads to an increase in DNA-binding properties. High binding ability of 2ΚΉ-hydroxyflavanone with DNA may be useful for development of new anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial remedies.Π€Π»Π°Π²Π°Π½ΠΎΠΈΠ΄Ρ β ΠΊΡΡΠΏΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ². 2ΚΉ-ΠΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ»Π°Π²Π°Π½ΠΎΠ½ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ»Π°Π²ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π±ΡΠ» Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ·Π° ΠΏΡΠ³Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ (Mimosa pudica). ΠΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΊ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΠΠΠ. ΠΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° 2ΚΉ-Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ»Π°Π²Π°Π½ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π¨ΠΈΡΡΠ°, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ ΠΈΡ
Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ Ρ ΠΠΠ. ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠ°. ΠΠ»Ρ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ 2ΚΉ-Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ»Π°Π²Π°Π½ΠΎΠ½Π° Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π¨ΠΈΡΡΠ° ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ. 2ΚΉ-ΠΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ»Π°Π²Π°Π½ΠΎΠ½ ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄-Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½Ρ Π² Π΄ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄Π΅. ΠΠ·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ 2ΚΉ-Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ»Π°Π²Π°Π½ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»Ρ 2ΚΉ-Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ»Π°Π²Π°Π½ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π¨ΠΈΡΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΡΡΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΠΠ-ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ². ΠΡΡΠΎΠΊΠ°Ρ Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΠΠΠ 2ΚΉ-Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ»Π°Π²Π°Π½ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π² ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π¨ΠΈΡΡΠ° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π½Π°ΠΉΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΡ
ΠΈ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΡ
Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²
Π Π΅Π³ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ Π¨ΠΈΡΡΠ° Π³Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½Π°
In this study, we considered the effect of hesperetin, its Schiff base with isoniazid (HIN) and the complex with copper ions (II) (CuHIN) on MDR activity in cells lines, as well as their antioxidant activity. The Schiff base of hesperetin (HIN) had a strong inhibitory effect on MDR activity at a concentration of 5 ΞΌM and possessed a strong antioxidant activity with respect to free radical DPPHβ’ compared with hesperetin. The introduction of copper ions into the Schiff base structure led to a less stimulating effect on the activity of MDR proteins in the cell lines. The ability of Schiff base of hesperetin (HIN) to inhibit MDR proteins may have the potential to develop low-toxicity antitumor and antimicrobial drugs.Π Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ Π³Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½Π°, Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π¨ΠΈΡΡΠ° Ρ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ (HIN) ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ° Ρ ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ (II) (CuHIN) Π½Π° Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ (ΠΠΠ£) Π² ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡ
, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° ΠΈΡ
Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ. ΠΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π³Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½Π° (HIN) ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ Π½Π° Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΠΠ£ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ 5 ΠΌΠΊΠ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ Π² ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»Ρ DPPHβ’ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ Π³Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π¨ΠΈΡΡΠ° ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ Π½Π΅Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ Π½Π° Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΠΠ£ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡ
. Π‘ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π¨ΠΈΡΡΠ° Π³Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½Π° (HIN) ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΠΠ£ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π» Π² ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΡ
ΠΈ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΡ
Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ² Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ
Influence of flavonone and hesperetin Schiff bases on the activity of ABC-transporters in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells in the respiration process
A certain effect of flavonoids (hesperetin, flavonone, monohydroxy derivatives of flavonones and their Schiff bases of flavonoids ) on the ABC-transporters activity and the viability of the yeast cells Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Among of the studied compounds, derivatives of 6-hydroxyflavonone with thiocarbohydrazide and hesperetin with 2-aminobenzhydrazide at a concentration of 50 ΞΌmol stimulated the activity of ABC-transporters in the S. cerevisiae cells during the oxidation of glycerol during respiration. These compounds were not affect the viability of yeast cells and can be used in biotechnology as modulators of the ABC-transporters activity.ΠΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ»Π°Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² (Π³Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½Π°, ΡΠ»Π°Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ½Π°, ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ»Π°Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ½Π°, ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π¨ΠΈΡΡΠ° ΡΠ»Π°Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
) Π½Π° Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΠΠ‘-Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π΄ΡΠΎΠΆΠΆΠ΅ΠΉ Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Π‘ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠ΅ 6-Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ»Π°Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ½Π° Ρ ΡΠΈΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Π³Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½Π° Ρ 2-Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π·Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ 50 ΠΌΠΊΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΠΠ‘-Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ² ΡΠ°Ρ
Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π³Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½Π° Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ Π΄ΡΡ
Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. Π£ΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π΅ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π΄ΡΠΎΠΆΠΆΠ΅Π²ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ Π½Π°ΠΉΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² Π±ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΠΠ‘-Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ²