Éducation littéraire: une expérience didactique d'animation à la lecture promue par les étudiants

Este artículo describe y analiza una experiencia de aula promovida por el propio alumnado. Se trata de una propuesta didáctica de animación a la lectura, colaborativa e interdisciplinar, en la que participan todas las etapas: Bachillerato, ESO, Educación Primaria y Educación Infantil. El proyecto se desarrolla desde la asignatura de Lengua castellana y Literatura e incluye a las áreas de Educación Plástica, Música e Informática. Se muestran los criterios de diseño y análisis de secuencias y se concluye que el enfoque participativo e interdisciplinar promueve los hábitos de lectura entre los estudiantes.This article describes a classroom experience promoted by students themselves. This reading motivation proposal, which involves primary and secondary school. is based on a collaborative learning. The project is developed from Spanish Language and Literature subject including Plastic Education, Music and Computer Science areas. Project activities and schedule are included in the article and it is concluded that an interdisciplinary and collaborative approach forges reading habits among students.Cet article décrit et analyse une expérience de classe promue par les élèves eux-mêmes. Il s'agit d'une proposition didactique, collaborative et interdisciplinaire pour inciter à la lecture, à laquelle participent tous les niveaux d’enseignement: primaire, secondaire et supérieur. Le projet est développé à partir de la matière “Langue et Littérature espagnole” et comprend les domaines des arts plastiques, de l'éducation musicale et del'informatique. Les critères de conception et d'analyse des séquences sont présentés et l'on conclut que l'approche participative et interdisciplinaire favorise les habitudes de lecture chez les étudiants

Cellulose oxidation by Laccase-TEMPO treatments

In this work, laccase-TEMPO (Lac-T) treatments were applied to bleached commercial dissolving pulp in order to introduce carbonyl and carboxyl groups, which were found to improve dry and wet strength-related properties. Also the solubility behavior towards xanthate reactions was assessed. The effect of a refining step (R) before the oxidative treatment, the absence or presence of oxygen pressure, TEMPO dose (2 or 8% oven dried pulp) and reaction time (8 or 20 h) were thoroughly examined. Treatments conducted in the presence of oxygen pressure exhibited greater amount of functional groups. Introducing a pre-refining treatment resulted in similar functional groups but higher wet strength was achieved. Specifically, a high W/D strength ratio was observed, indicating that wet strength-related property was satisfactorily developed. Besides the fact that all Lac-T treatments caused severe cellulose degradation, no fiber strength loss was detected. In fact, all oxidized samples presented higher Wet Zero-Span Tensile Strength, mainly in R+ Lac-T (O2) sample, which suggested the formation of hemiacetal linkages between the new introduced aldehyde groups and available free hydroxyl groups resulting from fibrillationPostprint (author's final draft

Lectures in the classroom: proposals for inclusive education from a gender perspective

La educación literaria debe convertirse en la nueva estrategia desde la que abordar la enseñanza de la literatura. Más allá de la asimilación de conceptos teóricos, debe centrarse en la formación de lectores que sepan interpretar los textos e inculcar el hábito lector. El canon literario se hace eco de un repertorio de autores que obvia a las autoras y reproducen textos que necesitan de una revisión desde la perspectiva de género. El objetivo de este artículo es ofrecer una revisión y presentar una serie de propuestas que promulguen la igualdad entre hombres y mujeres a través de la literatura.Literary education must become the new strategy from which to approach the teaching of literature. Beyond the assimilation of theoretical concepts, it should focus on the training of readers who know how to interpret texts and instill the habit of reading. The literary canon echoes a repertoire of authors that obviate the authors and reproduce texts that need a revision from a gender perspective. The objective of this article is to offer a review and to present a series of proposals that promulgate equality between men and women through literature

Factors associated with the evolution of superficial vein thrombosis and its impact on the quality of life: results from a prospective, unicentric study

Superficial venous thrombosis (SVT) is a common clinical condition caused by inflammation and the presence of a thrombus inside a superficial vein. It has traditionally been considered a benign and banal disorder, although it can progress or can be associated with thromboembolic disease of deep territories in up to 20%, asymptomatic or symptomatic pulmonary embolism (PE), especially if it affects the main trunk of the internal saphenous vein. The impact of deep vein thrombosis on the quality of life and its sequelae have long been described in the literature; however, they have not been studied in superficial vein thrombosis. We aimed to evaluate the risk factors, management, and complications of SVT and its impact on the quality of life of our patients. Observational, prospective, single-center study to evaluate the management of SVT. The ultrasound (US) was performed initially on symptomatic patients, during treatment with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH), at a follow-up, and at the end of 45 days of treatment. A quality-of-life questionnaire was administered to determine the risk factors, management, and complications of SVT at the moment of diagnosis and at the end of treatment. We included patients referred from the emergency department to a monographic consultation for thromboembolic disease, over 18 years of age with a diagnosis of acute SVT symptomatic, without contraindication to initiate anticoagulation. In total, 63 patients were evaluated between October 2020 and April 2022. The mean age was 65.8 years (SD 13.5), of which 35 were women (55.6%), 39 presented cardiovascular risk factors (61.9%), 25 had a history of previous personal venous thromboembolism (VTE) (39.7%), and 10 had obesity (15.9%), 47 had chronic venous insufficiency or varicose veins (74.9%). During follow-up with ultrasound, 39.7% had partial revascularization, and at discharge, 63.5% had permeabilized the thrombosis against 19% who had residual thrombosis or progression of thrombosis. There was a positive correlation between mobility parameters and improvement in the performance of daily activities (rho = 0.35; p = 0.012) and with improvement in pain/discomfort (rho = 0.37; p = 0.007). An improvement in pain parameters was statistically significantly related to a global assessment health perception (rho = 0.48; p < 0.001). Anxiety and depression parameters were related to a global assessment health perception (rho = 0.462; p = 0.001) and to an overall improvement at 12 months (rho = 0.45; p = 0.001). Superficial venous thrombosis (SVT) is a highly prevalent disease, which is traditionally considered banal and has good evolution, with heterogeneous management in clinical practice and limited information on patient selection for therapies, current treatment routes, and drug use, as well as outcomes. In recent years, the importance of this entity has become evident due to its frequency in clinical practice, its risk of complications, and the impact it has on the quality of life. This study’s results emphasize the importance of the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of superficial venous thrombosisThis research was funded by grant from the Madrid-Castilla La Mancha Society of Internal Medicine (SOMIMACA

Dissolving-grade pulp: a sustainable source for fiber production

The global textile fiber output increased five times from 1975 to 2020. Also, in 2010, the combined demand for man-made and natural fibers was projected to increase by 84% within 20 years. Clothing materials are largely made from cotton or petroleum-based synthetic fibers; both sources, however, have adverse environmental impacts. Thus, cotton requires vast amounts of land, water, fertilizers and pesticides, and synthetic fibers are not biodegradable. This scenario has raised the need for further exploration of cellulose polymers as sustainable sources for the textile industry. Cellulose, the most abundant renewable organic material on earth, is an outstanding polymer that by chemical derivatization or modification can offer a broad range of applications. Dissolving-grade pulp (DGP), which consists of highly pure cellulose, is the most suitable material for manufacturing cellulose derivatives and regenerated fibers. The latter are typically obtained by using the viscose process, which has considerable adverse environmental impacts. Although the textile industry has progressed substantially, further efforts are still needed to make its entire production chain more sustainable. This article provides an in-depth introduction to the potential of fibers with a high cellulose content, known as dissolving-grade pulps. It reviews the properties of DGP, the cooking and purifying methods typically used to obtain it, and the process by which paper-grade pulp can be converted into dissolving-grade pulp. Also, it discusses traditional and recently developed technologies for producing regenerated cellulose fibers. Finally, it examines the potential for recovering cellulose from textile waste as a novel sustainable practice.This publication is part of Project PID2020-114070RB-I00 (CELLECOPROD), funded by MCIN / AEI / 10.13039 / 501100011033. The author Elisabet Quintana is a Serra Húnter Fellow.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Escuela y formación de ciudadanía : un estudio etnográfico de la institución educativa "San Martín"

La escuela es un espacio institucionalizado de socialización, y dentro de ella se establecen un conjunto de relaciones que son propias del proceso de formación de valores y de adquisición de normas sociales, en donde los miembros de la comunidad educativa pueden aprender a ser ciudadanos y ejercitar democracia. Creemos que la democracia es una utopía, pero a la vez es un proceso de construcción social. Para esta tarea de construcción permanente de la democracia, se necesitan ciudadanos y ciudadanas que participen activamente. Coincidimos con José Antonio Encinas en que la más alta misión del docente es formar ciudadanos. Por eso, consideramos muy importante conocer lo que acontece al interior de la escuela, cómo se dan las relaciones entre los diferentes actores de la comunidad educativa, de qué manera se promueven o no relaciones que contribuyan a cimentar la democracia, es decir, cómo la escuela prepara o no para la vida y para vivir en democracia, todo ello como parte de su tarea de ser formadora de sujetos con valores y actitudes democráticas

Escuela y formación de ciudadanía : un estudio etnográfico de la institución educativa "San Martín"

La escuela es un espacio institucionalizado de socialización, y dentro de ella se establecen un conjunto de relaciones que son propias del proceso de formación de valores y de adquisición de normas sociales, en donde los miembros de la comunidad educativa pueden aprender a ser ciudadanos y ejercitar democracia. Creemos que la democracia es una utopía, pero a la vez es un proceso de construcción social. Para esta tarea de construcción permanente de la democracia, se necesitan ciudadanos y ciudadanas que participen activamente. Coincidimos con José Antonio Encinas en que la más alta misión del docente es formar ciudadanos. Por eso, consideramos muy importante conocer lo que acontece al interior de la escuela, cómo se dan las relaciones entre los diferentes actores de la comunidad educativa, de qué manera se promueven o no relaciones que contribuyan a cimentar la democracia, es decir, cómo la escuela prepara o no para la vida y para vivir en democracia, todo ello como parte de su tarea de ser formadora de sujetos con valores y actitudes democráticas.Tesi