Prévalence et caractéristiques des effets indésirables des antihypertenseurs chez les patients suivis en ambulatoire au Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Yalgado Ouédraogo

La prise en charge médicamenteuse de l'hypertension artérielle (HTA) entraine des effets indésirables qui peuvent être gênants et ainsi influencer l'observance du patient. Nous avons étudié ces effets indésirables dans le service de cardiologie du Centre hospitalier universitaire Yalgado Ouédraogo afin de déterminer leurs fréquences et leurs caractéristiques. Il s'agissait d'une étude transversale de juillet à septembre 2015 chez les patients suivis en ambulatoire pour HTA. Les données ont été obtenues à partir de l'interrogatoire, des carnets de suivi des patients et des fiches de consultations. Au total 278 patients ont été inclus. La population d'étude incluait 69,1% de femmes. L'âge moyen était de 52,2 ans avec des extrêmes de 23 et 86 ans. Quatre vingt et sept virgule huit pourcent (87,8%) vivaient en milieu urbain. Le tabagisme, la dyslipidémie et les antécédents familiaux d'HTA représentaient respectivement 9%, 35,6% et 57,2%. Au plan thérapeutique, 43,2% étaient sous monothérapie, 35,6% sous bithérapie à l'initiation du traitement. Les inhibiteurs calciques (59,7%) étaient la classe thérapeutique la plus utilisée. La prévalence globale des effets indésirables était de 60,1%. Les inhibiteurs calciques étaient impliqués dans 53,6% suivis des diurétiques (48,6%) dans la survenue de l'effet indésirable. La prévalence spécifique par molécule était 28,1% pour l'amlodipine et 24,5% pour l'hydrochlorothiazide. La diurèse excessive (13,7%), la toux (12,9%) et les vertiges (11,5%) étaient les effets indésirables les plus fréquemment évoqués par les patients. Le système nerveux central et périphérique et le système ostéo-musculaire étaient les systèmes les plus atteints. Les effets indésirables sont un déterminant majeur de l'adhésion aux traitements antihypertenseur, car leur impact sur la vie quotidienne des patients peut s'avérer significatif

Impact of mobile phone intervention on intermittent preventive treatment of malaria during pregnancy in Burkina Faso : A pragmatic randomized trial.

PURPOSE: Intermittent preventive treatment of malaria with sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine for pregnant women (IPTp-SP) coverage remains far below the desirable goal of at least three doses before delivery. This study evaluates an innovative intervention using mobile phones as a means of increasing coverage for the third dose of IPTp-SP. METHODS: This study in Burkina Faso was designed as an open-label, pragmatic, two-arm, randomised trial. Pregnant women who attended antenatal clinic (ANC) visits were included at their first ANC visit and followed until delivery. The intervention was built around the use of mobile phones as means ensuring direct tracking of pregnant women. RESULTS: Two hundred and forty-eight (248) pregnant women were included in the study. The proportion of women who received at least three doses of IPTp-SP was 54.6 %. In the intervention group, 54.1 % of women received at least three doses of IPTp-SP versus 55.1 % in the control group, a non-significant difference (adjusted odds ratio "aOR", 0.86 ; 95 % confidence interval "95 % CI", 0.49-1.51). Women in the intervention group were more likely to carry out their ANC visits in a timely manner than those in the control group (aOR, 3.21 ; 95 % CI, 1.91-5.39). CONCLUSION: While mobile phone intervention did not increase the proportion of women receiving three doses of IPTp-SP, it did help to increase the proportion of timely ANC visits. TRIAL REGISTRATION: PACTR202106905150440

Young adolescent girls are at high risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes in sub-Saharan Africa: an observational multicountry study

Objectives: One of Africa's most important challenges is to improve maternal and neonatal health. The identification of groups at highest risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes is important for developing and implementing targeted prevention programmes. This study assessed whether young adolescent girls constitute a group at increased risk for adverse birth outcomes among pregnant women in sub-Saharan Africa. Setting: Data were collected prospectively as part of a large randomised controlled clinical trial evaluating intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy (NCT00811421—Clinical Trials.gov), conducted between September 2009 and December 2013 in Benin, Gabon, Mozambique and Tanzania. Participants: Of 4749 participants, pregnancy outcomes were collected for 4388 deliveries with 4183 live births including 83 multiple gestations. Of 4100 mothers with a singleton live birth delivery, 24% (975/4100) were adolescents (≤19 years of age) and 6% (248/4100) were aged ≤16 years. Primary and secondary outcome measures: Primary outcomes of this predefined analysis were preterm delivery and low birth weight. Results: The overall prevalence of low birthweight infants and preterm delivery was 10% (371/3851) and 4% (159/3862), respectively. Mothers aged ≤16 years showed higher risk for the delivery of a low birthweight infant (OR: 1.96; 95% CI 1.35 to 2.83). Similarly, preterm delivery was associated with young maternal age (≤16 years; OR: 2.62; 95% CI 1.59 to 4.30). In a subanalysis restricted to primiparous women: preterm delivery, OR 4.28; 95% CI 2.05 to 8.93; low birth weight, OR: 1.29; 95% CI 0.82 to 2.01. Conclusions: Young maternal age increases the risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes and it is a stronger predictor for low birth weight and preterm delivery than other established risk factors in sub-Saharan Africa. This finding highlights the need to improve adolescent reproductive health in sub-Saharan Africa

Facteurs de fragmentation et stratégies de gestion des massifs forestiers au Burkina Faso.

Objectif : Les massifs forestiers sont soumis à des pressions diverses liées à la combinaison des facteurs économiques, politiques, démographiques. Leur dégradation constitue une préoccupation majeure pour la préservation de l’environnement. La présente recherche est une contribution pour une meilleure gestion des entités forestières.Méthodologie et résultats : Elle intègre à la fois la collecte des données, le traitement des images satellites, l’analyse des données climatiques, démographiques, socioéconomiques, et juridiques. Les résultats montrent la répartition des unités d’occupation des terres et l’état de dégradation des massifs forestiers, marquées par la présence d’espaces cultivés et divers niveaux de fragmentation. Les tailles moyennes des tâches varient entre 4,35 et 78, 15 ha, en lien avec les densités de population qui atteignent 99,11 hbts/km2 à certains endroits, ainsi que les pratiques agricoles et pastorales. Les précipitations situées entre 624,39 et 918,79 mm/an en moyenne, ont une influence sur les types de formations végétales dans les entités forestières.Conclusion et application des résultats : Les modes de gestion en cours, n’ont pas réussi à exclure entièrement l’influence de l’homme sur l’évolution des forêts. Il est encore nécessaire de renforcer les stratégies de préservation des ressources forestières par les aménagements, une meilleure implication des populations locales et un plus grand respect des textes législatifs et règlementaires. Mots clés : Déterminants-Biophysique-Socioéconomique-Gestion-Forêt-Burkina FasoObjectives: Forest areas are subject to various pressures due to the combination of economic, political and demographic factors. Their degradation is a major concern for environment preservation. The actual research is to contribute for a better management of forest entities.Methodology and results: It integrates both data collection, satellite image processing, as well as climate, demographic, socio-economic, and legal data analysis. The results shows out the distribution of land cover units and forests degradation, marked by a large cultivated areas and differents levels of fragmentation. Average sizes of tasks are ranged between 4.35 and 78, 15 ha, caused by high population densities which reach 99.11 hbts / km2 in some places, as well as agricultural and pastoral practices. The vegetation types are influenced by average rainfall between 624.39 and 918.79 mm / year.Conclusion and application of results: Management methods used actually does not yet completely excludehuman influence on the forests. There is still necessity to strengthen stratégies to preserve forest resourcesthrough area arrangements, local communities participation and greater respect for laws and regulations.Keywords: Determinants-Biophysical-Socioeconomic-Forest-Management-Burkina Fas

Insécurité alimentaire, vulnérabilité et pauvreté en milieu rural au Burkina : une approche en termes de consommation d'énergie

In Burkina, vulnerability and poverty analysis have been dominated by the monetary approach. Using the generalized formula of poverty index developed by Foster and al. (1984), we try to define new concepts of poverty in relation with dietary needs and energy intakes. Our results show that monetary approach tends to underestimate the incidence of poverty insofar as it does not take sufficiently into account social capital and the role of institutions in poverty alleviation.Energy, Poverty, Risk, Vulnerability, Food security

Localisation des zones d'accès à l'eau en saison sèche par analyse multicritère dans le bassin versant du Goudébo (région de Yakouta, Burkina Faso)

The study aims to identify areas where agro-pastoralists access to water during the dry season in the drainage basin of the river Goudébo. The approach is the spatial reference analysis AMC-RS based on Geographic Information System and Multi-Criteria Analysis. Water points used for different needs (boulis, drillings, ponds, tanks, sumps, wells and dams) were identified with the people. Cartographic documents and field surveys have constitute, through the GIS, a map database of these elements. Taking into account the travel times allowed a spatial representation of the accessibility to water points. The AMC-RS were made from the results of GIS, on the basis of criteria proposed by the people during the interviewing sessions. The results of the analysis gave 7.4 % of areas with a high level of aggregate access to different types of water point. These relatively small areas are circumscribed around 40 % of the villages. The importance taken by dams, and particularly that of Yakouta, puts the problem of the management of their feed area in the future.geographic information system, multi-criteria analysis, access to water, Burkina Fas

Inadequate childcare practices as a determinant of long term malnutrition in 6-23 months old children from a rural district of Burkina Faso.

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Etude de la couverture de la prise en charge de la malnutrition aiguë sévère dans le district sanitaire de Kongoussi au Burkina Faso

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Héméralopie et facteurs non alimentaires parmi un groupe d’enfants du district sanitaire de Kongoussi, Burkina Faso

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe