Imaging apparatus and controller for photographing products

The invention provides an all-in-one imaging apparatus for photographing products, particularly suitable for photographing fashion related products such as apparel products, fashion accessories or other life style products. The imaging apparatus comprising a table part, a portable controller for user interaction with the table part, and a storage for storing images. The table part comprises a substantially horizontal table surface for supporting the product, lights, a fixture for fixing a camera, a backlighting system below the table surface, and an embedded system comprising an embedded computer and a wireless communication controller. The embedded computer controls the camera, switches the backlighting system, wirelessly transmits a live stream from the camera to the portable controller, and wirelessly receives instructions from the portable controller

Electrical transport properties of bulk Nic_{c}Fe1−c_{1-c} alloys and related spin-valve systems

Within the Kubo-Greenwood formalism we use the fully relativistic, spin-polarized, screened Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker method together with the coherent-potential approximation for layered systems to calculate the resistivity for the permalloy series Ni$_{c}$Fe$_{1-c}$. We are able to reproduce the variation of the resistivity across the entire series; notably the discontinuous behavior in the vicinity of the structural phase transition from bcc to fcc. The absolute values for the resistivity are within a factor of two of the experimental data. Also the giant magnetoresistance of a series of permalloy-based spin-valve structures is estimated; we are able to reproduce the trends and values observed on prototypical spin-valve structures.Comment: 6 pages, ReVTeX + 4 figures (Encapsulated Postscript), submitted to PR

Adversarial robustness guarantees for classification with Gaussian Processes

We investigate adversarial robustness of Gaussian Process classification (GPC) models. Specifically, given a compact subset of the input space T⊆ℝd enclosing a test point x∗ and a GPC trained on a dataset , we aim to compute the minimum and the maximum classification probability for the GPC over all the points in T.In order to do so, we show how functions lower- and upper-bounding the GPC output in T can be derived, and implement those in a branch and bound optimisation algorithm. For any error threshold ϵ>0 selected \emph{a priori}, we show that our algorithm is guaranteed to reach values ϵ-close to the actual values in finitely many iterations.We apply our method to investigate the robustness of GPC models on a 2D synthetic dataset, the SPAM dataset and a subset of the MNIST dataset, providing comparisons of different GPC training techniques, and show how our method can be used for interpretability analysis. Our empirical analysis suggests that GPC robustness increases with more accurate posterior estimation

Electrical Resistivity of a Thin Metallic Film

The electrical resistivity of a pure sample of a thin metallic film is found to depend on the boundary conditions. This conclusion is supported by a free-electron model calculation and confirmed by an ab initio relativistic Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker computation. The low-temperature resistivity is found to be zero for a free-standing film (reflecting boundary conditions) but nonzero when the film is sandwiched between two semi-infinite samples of the same material (outgoing boundary conditions). In the latter case, this resistivity scales inversely with the number of monolayers and is due to the background diffusive scattering by a finite lattice.Comment: 20 pages. To be published in Physical Review B, December 15, 199

Calculation of valence electron momentum densities using the projector augmented-wave method

We present valence electron Compton profiles calculated within the density-functional theory using the all-electron full-potential projector augmented-wave method (PAW). Our results for covalent (Si), metallic (Li, Al) and hydrogen-bonded ((H_2O)_2) systems agree well with experiments and computational results obtained with other band-structure and basis set schemes. The PAW basis set describes the high-momentum Fourier components of the valence wave functions accurately when compared with other basis set schemes and previous all-electron calculations.Comment: Submitted to Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids on September 17 2004. Revised version submitted on December 13 200

Improving the description of the suspended particulate matter concentrations in the southern North Sea through assimilating remotely sensed data

The integration of remote sensing data of suspended particulate matter (SPM) into numerical models is useful to improve the understanding of the temporal and spatial behaviour of SPM in dynamic shelf seas. In this paper a generic method based on the Ensemble Kalman Filtering (EnKF) for assimilating remote sensing SPM data into a transport model is presented. The EnKF technique is used to assimilate SPM data of the North Sea retrieved from the MERIS sensor, into the computational water quality and sediment transport model, Delft3D-WAQ. The satellite data were processed with the HYDROPT algorithm that provides SPM concentrations and error information per pixel, which enables their use in data assimilation. The uncertainty of the transport model, expressed in the system noise covariance matrix, was quantified by means of a Monte Carlo approach. From a case study covering the first half of 2003, it is demonstrated that the MERIS observations and transport model application are sufficiently robust for a successful generic assimilation. The assimilation results provide a consistent description of the spatial-temporal variability of SPM in the southern North Sea and show a clear decrease of the model bias with respect to independent in-situ observations. This study also identifies some shortcomings in the assimilated results, such as over prediction of surface SPM concentrations in regions experiencing periods of rapid stratification/de-stratification. Overall this feasibility study leads to a range of suggestions for improving and enhancing the model, the observations and the assimilation scheme. © 2011 Korea Ocean Research & Development Institute (KORDI) and the Korean Society of Oceanography (KSO) and Springer Netherlands

Whole-genome sequencing reveals two prolonged simultaneous outbreaks involving Pseudomonas aeruginosa high-risk strains ST111 and ST235 with resistance to quaternary ammonium compounds

Objective Water-bearing systems are known as frequent Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) outbreak sources. However, many older buildings continue to have sanitary facilities in high-risk departments such as the ICU. We present two simultaneous prolonged multi-drug-resistant (MDR) PA outbreaks detected at the ICU of a pulmonology hospital, which were resolved by whole-genome sequencing (WGS). Methods Outbreak management and investigations were initiated in August 2019 after detecting two patients with nosocomial VIM-2-positive MDR PA. The investigations involved weekly patient screenings for four months and extensive environmental sampling for 15 months. All patient and environmental isolates were collected and analysed by WGS. Results From April to September 2019, we identified 10 patients with nosocomial MDR PA, including five VIM-2-positive strains. VIM-2-positive strains were also detected in nine sink drains, two toilets, and a cleaning bucket. WGS revealed that of 16 VIM-2-positive isolates, 14 were ST111 that carried qacE, or qacEΔ1 genes, whereas 13 isolates clustered (difference of ≤11 alleles by cgMLST). OXA-2 (two toilets), and OXA-2, OXA-74, PER-1 (two patients, three toilets) qacEΔ1-positive ST235 isolates dominated among VIM-2-negative isolates. The remaining seven PA strains were ST17, ST233, ST273, ST309 and ST446. Outbreak containment was achieved by replacing U-bends, and cleaning buckets, and switching from quaternary ammonium compounds (QUATs) to oxygen-releasing disinfectant products. Conclusion Comprehension and management of two simultaneous MDR PA outbreaks involving the high-risk strains ST111 and ST235 were facilitated by precise control due to identification of different outbreak sources per strain, and by the in-silico detection of high-level QUATs resistance in all isolates