Predictions for Higgs and SUSY spectra from SO(10) Yukawa Unification with mu > 0

We use $t, b, \tau$ Yukawa unification to constrain SUSY parameter space. We find a narrow region survives for $\mu > 0$ (suggested by \bsgam and the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon) with $A_0 \sim - 1.9 m_{16}$, $m_{10} \sim 1.4 m_{16}$, $m_{16} \sim 1200 -3000$ \gev and $\mu, M_{1/2} \sim 100 - 500$ \gev. Demanding Yukawa unification thus makes definite predictions for Higgs and sparticle masses.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figures, revised version to be published in PR

Sparticle mass spectra from SU(5) SUSY GUT models with b−τb-\tau Yukawa coupling unification

Supersymmetric grand unified models based on the gauge group SU(5) often require in addition to gauge coupling unification, the unification of b-quark and $\tau$-lepton Yukawa couplings. We examine SU(5) SUSY GUT parameter space under the condition of $b-\tau$ Yukawa coupling unification using 2-loop MSSM RGEs including full 1-loop threshold effects. The Yukawa-unified solutions break down into two classes. Solutions with low tan\beta ~3-11 are characterized by gluino mass ~1-4 TeV and squark mass ~1-5 TeV. Many of these solutions would be beyond LHC reach, although they contain a light Higgs scalar with mass <123 GeV and so may be excluded should the LHC Higgs hint persist. The second class of solutions occurs at large tan\beta ~35-60, and are a subset of $t-b-\tau$ unified solutions. Constraining only $b-\tau$ unification to ~5% favors a rather light gluino with mass ~0.5-2 TeV, which should ultimately be accessible to LHC searches. While our $b-\tau$ unified solutions can be consistent with a picture of neutralino-only cold dark matter, invoking additional moduli or Peccei-Quinn superfields can allow for all of our Yukawa-unified solutions to be consistent with the measured dark matter abundance.Comment: 19 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, PDFLate

ΔMd,s\Delta M_{d,s}, Bd,s0→μ+μ−B^0_{d,s}\to\mu^+\mu^- and B→XsγB\to X_s\gamma in Supersymmetry at Large tan⁡β\tan\beta

We present an effective Lagrangian formalism for the calculation of flavour changing neutral and charged scalar currents in weak decays including $SU(2)\times U(1)$ symmetry breaking effects and the effects of the electroweak couplings $g_1$ and $g_2$. We apply this formalism to the MSSM with large $\tan\beta$ with the CKM matrix as the only source of flavour violation, heavy supersymmetric particles and light Higgs bosons. We give analytic formulae for the neutral and charged Higgs boson couplings to quarks including large $\tan\beta$ resummed corrections in the $SU(2) \times U(1)$ limit and demonstrate that these formulae can only be used for a semi-quantitative analysis. In particular they overestimate the effects of large $\tan\beta$ resummed corrections. We give also improved analytic formulae that reproduce the numerical results of the full approach within $5-10$. We present for the first time the predictions for the branching ratios $B^0_{s,d}\to \mu^+\mu^-$ and the $B^0_{d,s}-\bar B^0_{d,s}$ mass differences $\Delta M_{d,s}$ that include simultaneously the resummed large $\tan\beta$ corrections, $SU(2)\times U(1)$ breaking effects and the effects of the electroweak couplings. We perform an anatomy of the correlation between the increase of the rates of the decays $B^0_{s,d}\to\mu^+\mu^-$ and the suppression of $\Delta M_s$, that for large $\tan\beta$ are caused by the enhanced flavour changing neutral Higgs couplings to down quarks. We take into account the constraint from $B\to X_s \gamma$ clarifying some points in the calculation of the large $\tan\beta$ enhanced corrections to this decay.Comment: 86 pages, 10 postscript figures. Minor changes, some references added. Version to be published in Nuclear Physics

Neutrino Masses and Lepton-Flavor Violation in Supersymmetric Models with lopsided Froggatt-Nielsen charges

We analyze in detail lepton-flavor violation (LFV) in the charged-lepton sector such as $\mu \to e \gamma$, $\tau \to \mu \gamma$, $\mu \to eee$ and the $\mu \to e$ conversion in nuclei, within the framework of supersymmetric models with lopsided Froggatt--Nielsen charges, in which the large mixing in the neutrino sector as well as small mixings in the quark sector can be naturally accommodated. We show that the present experimental limits on the LFV processes already exclude some of the models. The future proposed search for LFV, especially in muon processes, can provide a significant probe to this framework. We also stress the importance of the measurement of $U^{MNS}_{e3}$ in neutrino experiments, and the fact that the KamLAND experiment could play a significant role to test a certain class of models.Comment: 33 pages, 20 figure

Correlation between Delta M_s and B^0_{s,d} --> mu^+ mu^- in Supersymmetry at Large tan beta

Considering the MSSM with the CKM matrix as the only source of flavour violation and heavy supersymmetric particles at large $\tan\beta$, we analyze the correlation between {\it the increase} of the rates of the decays $B^0_{s,d}\to \mu^+\mu^-$ and {\it the suppression} of $\Delta M_s$, that are caused by the enhanced flavour changing neutral Higgs couplings to down-type quarks. We give analytic formulae for the neutral and charged Higgs couplings to quarks including large $\tan\beta$ resummed corrections in the $SU(2)\times U(1)$ limit and comment briefly on the accuracy of this approximation. For $0.8\le (\Delta M_s)^{\rm exp}/(\Delta M_s)^{\rm SM}\le 0.95$ we find 6\cdot 10^{-7}\ge BR(B^0_s\ra \mu^+\mu^-)^{\rm max} \ge 4\cdot 10^{-8} and 1.4\cdot 10^{-8}\ge BR(B^0_d\ra \mu^+\mu^-)^{\rm max}\ge 1\cdot 10^{-9}. For $(\Delta M_s)^{\rm exp} \ge (\Delta M_s)^{\rm SM}$ substantial enhancements of B^0_{s,d}\ra\mu^+\mu^- relative to the expectations based on the Standard Model are excluded. With $(\Delta M_s)^{\rm exp}>15.0/$ps a conservative analysis of $(\Delta M_s)^{\rm SM}$ gives BR(B^0_s\ra \mu^+\mu^-)\simlt1.2\cdot10^{-6} and BR(B^0_d\ra \mu^+\mu^-)\simlt3\cdot10^{-8}. However, we point out that in the less likely scenario in which the squark mixing is so large that the neutral Higgs contributions dominate $\Delta M_s$, the rates for $B^0_{s,d}\to \mu^+\mu^-$ increase with increasing $\Delta M_s$ and the bounds in question are weaker. Violation of all these correlations and bounds would indicate new sources of flavour violation.Comment: 15 pages, one postscript figur

SUSY GUTs under Siege : Proton Decay

SO(10) supersymmetric grand unified theories [SUSY GUTs] provide a beautiful framework for physics beyond the standard model. Experimental measurements of the three gauge couplings are consistent with unification at a scale $M_G \sim 3 \times 10^{16}$ GeV. In addition predictive models for fermion masses and mixing angles have been found which fit the low energy data, including the recent data for neutrino oscillations. SO(10) boundary conditions can be tested via the spectrum of superparticles. The simplest models also predict neutron and proton decay rates. In this paper we discuss nucleon decay rates and obtain reasonable upper bounds. A clear picture of the allowed SUSY spectra as constrained by nucleon decay is presented.Comment: 13 page

An empirical survey on wireless inductive power pad and resonant magnetic field coupling for in-motion EV charging system

EVs are the recent emerging automotive technology in the transportation sector to reduce the CO2 emission from the internal combustion engine. The issues in EVs technology development are battery tube capacity, heavy-size batteries, fast charging, and safe charging infrastructure. The dynamic wireless charging technology shows a suitable alternative to address the charging system-related issues in EV. However, a limited number of review studies are conducted to specifically address the wireless charging pad design challenges. The wireless inductive power pad and magnetic coupling circuit design are the main factors to decide the performance of the DWPT system. This review analyzes the current developments and challenges associated with wireless charging pad design. Further, this study investigates the potential parameters which improve the performance of a DWPT system to increase the distance traveled (mileage). First, this paper discusses WRIPT technology for DWPT EV charging application, and several parameters affecting the PTE are examined. Also, the aids factors considered for designing the DWPT power pad and different magnetic resonance coupling topologies are presented. In addition, the performance evaluation of the WRIPT power pad, with in-motion testing from the major findings in earlier studies is discussed. Finally, the challenges and opportunities of the WRIPT power pad for in-motion EV charging applications are also addressed. The current state of the art of DWPT and its future directions to make DWPT EV charging systems a full-fledged method are highlighted.Web of Science114693466

On the possible space-time fractality of the emitting source

Using simple space-time implementation of the random cascade model we investigate numerically a conjecture made some time ago which was joining the intermittent behaviour of spectra of emitted particles with the possible fractal structure of the emitting source. We demonstrate that such details are seen, as expected, in the Bose-Einstein correlations between identical particles. \\Comment: Thoroughly rewritten and modify version, to be published in Phys. Rev.

Yukawa Unification as a Window into the Soft Supersymmetry Breaking Lagrangian

We study Yukawa unification, including the effects of a physical neutrino mass consistent with the Superkamiokande observations, in a string/$D$-brane inspired Pati-Salam model which allows the most general non-universal scalar and gaugino masses, including the usual $D$-term contributions which arise in SO(10). We investigate how the tight constraints from rare decays such as $b \to s \gamma$ and $\tau \to \mu \gamma$ can provide information about the family dependent supersymmetry breaking soft Lagrangian, for example the trilinears associated with the second and third family. Many of our results also apply to SO(10) to which the model approximately reduces in a limiting case. In both models we find that Yukawa unification is perfectly viable providing the non-universal soft masses have particular patterns. In this sense Yukawa unification acts as a window into the soft supersymmetry breaking Lagrangian.Comment: References added. 82 pages, 57 figures, Late

Particle Physics Approach to Dark Matter

We review the main proposals of particle physics for the composition of the cold dark matter in the universe. Strong axion contribution to cold dark matter is not favored if the Peccei-Quinn field emerges with non-zero value at the end of inflation and the inflationary scale is superheavy since, under these circumstances, it leads to unacceptably large isocurvature perturbations. The lightest neutralino is the most popular candidate constituent of cold dark matter. Its relic abundance in the constrained minimal supersymmetric standard model can be reduced to acceptable values by pole annihilation of neutralinos or neutralino-stau coannihilation. Axinos can also contribute to cold dark matter provided that the reheat temperature is adequately low. Gravitinos can constitute the cold dark matter only in limited regions of the parameter space. We present a supersymmetric grand unified model leading to violation of Yukawa unification and, thus, allowing an acceptable b-quark mass within the constrained minimal supersymmetric standard model with mu>0. The model possesses a wide range of parameters consistent with the data on the cold dark matter abundance as well as other phenomenological constraints. Also, it leads to a new version of shifted hybrid inflation.Comment: 32 pages including 6 figures, uses svmult.cls, some clarifications added, lectures given at the Third Aegean Summer School "The Invisible Universe: Dark Matter and Dark Energy", 26 September-1 October 2005, Karfas, Island of Chios, Greece (to appear in the proceedings