Investigating the relationship of self-esteem and spirituality to homesickness among dormitory students of Razi University in Kermanshah

For downloading the full-text of this article please click here.Background and Objective: University is considered a positive opportunity for personal development; however, students often face challenges when they are at university. Homesickness is among the most frequently reported concerns of dormitory students. This study aimed to investigate the relationship of self-esteem and spirituality to homesickness among dormitory students of Razi University in Kermanshah, Iran in 1395.Method: The study is descriptive and correlational. All female and male students who were living in dormitories of Razi University in school year of 94-95 formed the statistical population. 322 of them were selected based on Morgan table, using multi-stage cluster sampling. Research instruments were self-concept questionnaire (1976), spirituality questionnaire by Corp and Downing (2009), and homesickness questionnaire by Archer (1998). The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation coefficient, and regression. In this study, all ethical issues were carefully observed and the authors declare no conflict of interest.Results: The results showed that there is a significant negative relationship between self-esteem and homesickness (p<.01); also spirituality and homesickness (p<.001). Data analysis also demonstrated that spirituality can predict the extent of homesickness among university students living in dormitories (p< .001).Conclusion: According to the findings of this research, spirituality and self-esteem can be perceived as complementary tools to reduce homesickness. It seems that when dealing with homesickness, these two variables should be taken into account.For downloading the full-text of this article please click here

Prediction of Marital Commitment based on Personality Traits, Attachment Styles, and Religious Orientation in Married Students

For downloading the full-text of this article please click here.Background and Objective: The marital commitment of couples is constructive in stabilization of family unit and various factors can influence the level of marital commitment. The current study aimed at revealing some of these factors through predicting martial commitment based on personality characteristics, attachment styles, and religious orientation in married students.Method: The study is descriptive and correlational. The statistical population consisted of all married female students of Lorestan University in 2014/2015 academic year. Through applying Cochran's formula, 200 subjects were selected among them as the sample, using convenient sampling method. In order to gather data, Martial Commitment Inventory (DCI) by Adams Jones, Adult Attachment Scale (AAS) by Collins and Read, Personality Inventory (NEO), and Religious Orientation Scale (ROS) by Allport and Ross were used. The data were analyzed using correlation coefficient and Step by Step Regression Analysis. All ethical issues were observed in this study and the researchers declared no conflict of interests.Results: The findings indicated that personality characteristics (F=28.37), the attachment styles (F=24.44), and also religious orientation (F=18.65) significantly predicted the level of marital commitment at the significance levels of 0.001, 0.05, and 0.001 respectively. Out of these factors, attachment styles were a stronger predictor for marital commitment.Conclusion: The results illustrated that people’s personality characteristics, the attachment styles formed in the family environment, and also their religious orientation have a direct effect on the personal relationship and martial commitment in the adulthood. The findings can be used to propose some strategies to maintain and develop productive relationship among couples and offer better training to people on how they should try to know each other.For downloading the full-text of this article please click here.Please cite this article as: Sadeghi M, Ghaderijavid S,Shalani B. Prediction of Marital Commitment based on Personality Traits, Attachment Styles, and Religious Orientation in Married Students. J Res Relig Health. 2019; 5(3): 18- 31. doi:https://doi.org/10.22037/jrrh.v5i3.2020

Correlation of Sexual Knowledge and Attitude with Sexual Function in Female Nurses

Background and Objectives: Healthy and satisfying sexual life is one of the important elements of welfare in women and their quality of life. In this study, the correlation of sexual knowledge and attitude with sexual function in female nurses, was investigated.   Methods: This research was performed as a descriptive correlational study on female nurses in hospitals of Kermanshah city. A total of 109 subjects were selected from three hospitals using available sampling. Data collection was carried out using Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and Sexual Knowledge and Attitude Scale. Data were analyzed using correlation coefficient and regression statistical tests.   Results: In this research, there was significant correlation between sexual knowledge and sexual desire, arousal, humidity, orgasm, and total sexual function (0.001); also, there was significant correlation between sexual attitude and sexual desire and total sexual performance (0.05), and between sexual attitude and arousal and orgasm (0.001). The predictive variables together explained 0.32 of the sexual function (F=25.6, R2=0.32, R=0.57). Sexual knowledge alone can predict sexual function in nurses (p=0.001, ß=0.5). Considering the correlation between sexual attitude and sexual function, this variable alone could not predict sexual function.   Conclusion: The results of this study showed that sexual knowledge and attitude are important and effective categories in sexual function of individuals. Therefore, paying attention to this issue in educational and health centers is important in providing education and health services in relation to sexual relationships, and sexual function can be promoted through appropriate and scientific sexual trainings

Relationship between Sexual Self-Esteem and Sexual Dysfunction with Marital Satisfaction in Nurses Hopitals Kermanshah City (Iran)

زمینه و هدف: خانواده، یک نظام اجتماعی طبیعی و یکی از ارکان مهم جامعه به شمار می‌رود. رضایت زناشویی، ارزیابی کلی و ذهنی فرد از ماهیت ازدواج است که شامل میزانی از برآورده‌شدن نیازها، توقعات و امیال فرد می‌باشد. هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی همبستگی اختلال عملکرد جنسی و عزت‌نفس جنسی با رضایت زناشویی در پرستاران زن بود. روش بررسی: پژوهش حاضر به روش توصیفی از نوع همبستگی انجام شد. جامعه پژوهش را تمامی پرستاران زن متأهل بیمارستان‌های تحت نظارت وزارت علوم شهر کرمانشاه تشکیل می‌دادند. نمونه‌‌‌ها به‌صورت در دسترس از 3 بیمارستان، برگزیده و با توجه به جدول مورگان، نمونه‌ای به حجم 150 نفر انتخاب شد. ابزارهای مورد استفاده شامل مقیاس رضایت زناشویی (ENRICH)، مقیاس عملکرد جنسی زنان (FSFI)، و عزت‌نفس جنسی زنان (SSEI_W) بود. داده‌ها با استفاده از روش آماری ضریب همبستگی و رگرسیون تجزیه و تحلیل شدند. یافته‌ها: بین اختلال عملکرد جنسی و رضایت زناشویی، همبستگی منفی معنی‌دار ( 001/0) و بین عزت‌نفس جنسی با رضایت زناشویی، همبستگی مثبت معنی‌دار ( 001/0) وجود داشت. نتایج تحلیل رگرسیون نشان داد اختلال در عملکرد جنسی و عزت‌نفس جنسی، 16/0 رضایت زناشویی را پیش‌بینی می‌کند (001/0>p، 4/0=f، 16/0=r2). نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد عملکرد جنسی و عزت‌نفس جنسی، از مقوله‌های مهم و تأثیرگذار در رضایت زناشویی افراد می‌باشد

بررسی رابطه‌ی عزت نفس و معنویت‌گرایی با احساس غربت در دانشجویان خوابگاهی دانشگاه رازی کرمانشاه در سال 1395

Background and Objective: University is considered a positive opportunity for personal development; however, students often face challenges when they are at university. Homesickness is among the most frequently reported concerns of dormitory students. This study aimed to investigate the relationship of self-esteem and spirituality to homesickness among dormitory students of Razi University in Kermanshah, Iran in 1395. Method: The study is descriptive and correlational. All female and male students who were living in dormitories of Razi University in school year of 94-95 formed the statistical population. 322 of them were selected based on Morgan table, using multi-stage cluster sampling. Research instruments were self-concept questionnaire (1976), spirituality questionnaire by Corp and Downing (2009), and homesickness questionnaire by Archer (1998). The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation coefficient, and regression. In this study, all ethical issues were carefully observed and the authors declare no conflict of interest. Results: The results showed that there is a significant negative relationship between self-esteem and homesickness (p<.01); also spirituality and homesickness (p<.001). Data analysis also demonstrated that spirituality can predict the extent of homesickness among university students living in dormitories (p< .001). Conclusion: According to the findings of this research, spirituality and self-esteem can be perceived as complementary tools to reduce homesickness. It seems that when dealing with homesickness, these two variables should be taken into account.چکیده سابقه و هدف: دانشگاه فرصتی مناسب برای رشد فردی به‌حساب می‌آید؛ باوجوداین، دانشجویان اغلب با معضل‌هایی روبه‌رو هستند که احساس غربت جزء بیشترین معضل‌های بیان شده در بین دانشجویان خوابگاهی است. این پژوهش با هدف بررسی رابطه‌ی عزت نفس و معنویت‌گرایی با احساس غربت در دانشجویان خوابگاهی دانشگاه رازی کرمانشاه در سال 1395 انجام شده است. روش کار: این پژوهش، توصیفی از نوع همبستگی و جامعه‌ی آماری آن شامل همه‌ی دانشجویان دختر و پسر خوابگاهی دانشگاه رازی کرمانشاه در سال تحصیلی 94 - 95 است؛ که از میان آنان 322 نفر بر اساس جدول مورگان و با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری خوشه‌یی چندمرحله‌یی انتخاب شدند. ابزار گردآوری اطلاعات شامل پرسش‌نامه‌ی عزت نفس کوپر اسمیت، پرسش‌نامه‌ی معنویت پارسیان و دونینگ و پرسش‌نامه‌ی احساس غربت آرچر است. داده‌های پژوهش نیز با استفاده از روش‌های آمار توصیفی، ضریب همبستگی و رگرسیون تحلیل شد. در این پژوهش همه‌ی موارد اخلاقی رعایت شده است. علاوه‌براین، نویسندگان مقاله هیچ‌گونه تضاد منافعی گزارش نکرده‌اند. یافته‌ها: نتایج تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها نشان داده که بین عزت نفس و احساس غربت (10/0>p) و همچنین بین معنویت‌گرایی و احساس غربت (001/0>p)، رابطه‌ی منفی معنادار وجود دارد و معنویت­گرایی می­تواند میزان احساس غربت دانشجویان خوابگاهی را پیش­بینی کند (100/0>p). نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به نتایج پژوهش می‌توان معنویت­گرایی و عزت نفس را ابزاری مکمل برای کاهش احساس غربت در نظر گرفت و برای کاهش احساس غربت در دانشجویان خوابگاهی به این متغیّرها توجه داشت. &nbsp

توقعات الالتزام بعقد الزواج استنادا الى خصائص الشخصية، أنماط التعلق والتوجه الديني عند الطلاب الجامعيين المتزوجين

سابقه و هدف: تعهد زناشویی زوجین در پایداری نظام خانواده نقش بسیار مهمی دارد و عوامل متعددی بر آن تأثیر می‌گذارد. پژوهش حاضر در جهت آشکار ساختن برخی از این عوامل با هدف پیش‌بینی تعهد زناشویی بر پایه‌ی ویژگی‌های شخصیت، جهت‌گیری دینی و سبک‌های دلبستگی در دانشجویان انجام شد. روش کار: این پژوهش توصیفی از نوع همبستگی بود. جامعه‌ی آماری شامل تمامی دانشجویان زن متأهل دانشگاه لرستان در سال تحصیلی 95-1394 بود که با استفاده از فرمول کوکران، تعداد 200 نفر با روش نمونه‌گیری در دسترس، انتخاب شدند. داده‌های پژوهش با بهره‌گیری از پرسش‌نامه­های تعهد زناشویی آدامز جونز (DCI)، ویژگی‌های شخصیت (NEO)، سبک دلبستگی بزرگسالان کالینز و رید و جهت‌گیری دینی آلپورت گردآوری؛ و با استفاده از ضریب همبستگی و رگرسیون گام‌به‌گام تجزیه ‌و تحلیل شد. یافته‌ها: یافته­ها نشان داد که ویژگی‌های شخصیت به میزان 37/28F= در سطح 001/0P<، سبک‌های دلبستگی به میزان 44/24F= در سطح 05/0P< و همچنین جهت‌گیری دینی به میزان 65/18F= در سطح 001/0P<، میزان تعهد زناشویی را پیش‌بینی کردند. از میان این متغیّرها، سبک­های دلبستگی، پیش­بینی‌کننده‌ی­ بهتری برای تعهد زناشویی بود. نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج پژوهش نشان‌دهنده‌ی این است که ویژگی­های شخصیتی افراد، سبک­های دلبستگیِ شکل‌گرفته در محیط خانواده و همچنین جهت‌گیری دینی آنها بر روابط میان­فردی و تعهد زناشویی زوجین در بزرگسالی تأثیر می‌گذارد. از این نتایج می‌توان برای یافتن راهکارهایی در جهت حفظ و گسترش روابط ثمربخش در بین زوجین و آموزش و آگاهی دادن بهتر به افراد برای شناخت یکدیگر استفاده کرد. استناد مقاله به این صورت است: Sadeghi M, Ghaderijavid S, Shalani B. Prediction of Marital Commitment based on Personality Traits, Attachment Styles, and Religious Orientation in Married Students. Journal of Pizhūhish dar dīn va salāmat. 2019;5(3):18-31. https://doi.org/10.22037/jrrh.v5i3.20209  Background and Objective: The marital commitment of couples is constructive in stabilization of family unit and various factors can influence the level of marital commitment. The current study aimed at revealing some of these factors through predicting martial commitment based on personality characteristics, attachment styles, and religious orientation in married students. Methods: The study is descriptive and correlational. The statistical population consisted of all married female students of Lorestan University in 2014/2015 academic year. Through applying Cochran's formula, 200 subjects were selected among them as the sample, using convenient sampling method. In order to gather data, Martial Commitment Inventory (DCI) by Adams Jones, Adult Attachment Scale (AAS) by Collins and Read, Personality Inventory (NEO), and Religious Orientation Scale (ROS) by Allport and Ross were used. The data were analyzed using correlation coefficient and Step by Step Regression Analysis. In this study, all the ethical considerations have been observed and no conflict of interest was reported by the authors. Results: The findings indicated that personality characteristics (F=28.37), the attachment styles (F=24.44), and also religious orientation (F=18.65) significantly predicted the level of marital commitment at the significance levels of 0.001, 0.05, and 0.001 respectively. Out of these factors, attachment styles were a stronger predictor for marital commitment. Conclusion: The results illustrated that people’s personality characteristics, the attachment styles formed in the family environment, and also their religious orientation have a direct effect on the personal relationship and martial commitment in the adulthood. The findings can be used to propose some strategies to maintain and develop productive relationship among couples and offer better training to people on how they should try to know each other.   Please cite this article as: Sadeghi M, Ghaderijavid S, Shalani B. Prediction of Marital Commitment based on Personality Traits, Attachment Styles, and Religious Orientation in Married Students. Journal of Pizhūhish dar dīn va salāmat. 2019;5(3):18-31. https://doi.org/10.22037/jrrh.v5i3.20209خلفية البحث وأهدافه: الالتزام بعقد الزواج بين الزوجين يلعب دوراً مهم جدا في نظام أستحكام الأسرة وهناك عوامل كثيرة تترك أثراً عليها. أن التحقيق الراهن تم من أجل اظهار بعض هذه العوامل بهدف توقع الالتزام بعقدالزواج استنادا الى خصائص الشخصية، التوجه الديني و أنماط التعلق عند الطلاب الجامعيين. منهجية البحث: هذا التحقيق التوصيفي هو من النوع التضامني. المجتمع الاحصائي يشمل كافة الطالبات المتزوجات في جامعة لرستان في العام الدراسي 95-1394 (2015-2016م)، حيث تم اختيار 200 شخص عبر أسلوب اخذ العينة المتوفرة من خلال الاستفادة من قاعدة كوكران. وتم تجميع المعلومات المطلوبة في التحقيق عبر الاستفادة من أستمارات الالتزام بعقد الزواج أدامز جونز (DCI)، خصائص الشخصية (NEO)، نمط التعلق عند الكبار في العمر لدى كالينر و ريد والتوجه الديني لدى البورت وتم تحليلها وتفسيرها من خلال الاستفادة من ضريب التضامن وتحليل رغرسيون خطوة بخطوة. تمت مراعاة جمیع الموارد الاخلاقية في هذا البحث؛ فإن مؤلفي البحث لم يشيروا إلى اي تضارب في المصالح. الكشوفات: أظهرت الكشوفات ان خصائص الشخصية بمعدل 37/28F= في مستوى 001/0P<، أنماط التعلق بمعدل 44/24F=، في مستوى 05/0P< و كذلك التوجه الديني بمعدل 65/18F= في مستوى 001/0P<، قد توقعوا معدل الالتزام بعقد الزواج. من بين هذه المتغييرات كانت أنماط التعلق من أفضل التوقعات تجاه التزام بعقد الزواج. الاستنتاج: أظهرت نتائج التحقيق ان خصائص الشخصية عند الافراد وأنماط التعلق منطلقة من جو الأسرة وكذلك التوجه الديني لديهم يترك الاثر على العلاقات ما بين الافراد وعلى الالتزام بعقد الزواج في مرحلة كبر السن. يمكن الاستفادة من هذه النتائج من اجل العثور على طرق تؤدي الى حفظ و تنمية العلاقات المثمرة بين الزوجين و التدريب والتوعية الافضل الى الافراد من أجل التعرف على بعضهم البعض.   يتم استناد المقالة على الترتيب التالي: Sadeghi M, Ghaderijavid S, Shalani B. Prediction of Marital Commitment based on Personality Traits, Attachment Styles, and Religious Orientation in Married Students. Journal of Pizhūhish dar dīn va salāmat. 2019;5(3):18-31. https://doi.org/10.22037/jrrh.v5i3.2020

The Effectiveness of Social Skills Training on Autism Spectrum Disorder Symptoms in Adolescents: A Quasi-Experimental Study

Introduction: One of the most important problems in people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a deficiency in social skills that appear at an early age and impair or limit daily functioning. The aim of this study was to evaluate social skills training on ASD symptoms in adolescents. Materials and Methods: The research method was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest. The statistical population consisted of 60 adolescents with high-functioning ASD in Tehran, Iran. Through purposive sampling, 12 subjects were selected and participated in 10 sessions lasting 90 minutes (two sessions per week). The participants were evaluated using the Gilliam Autism Rating Scale (GARS). Results: Social skills training did not have a significant effect on reducing stereotypical behavior (P = 0.11), communication problems (P = 0.26), social interactions (P = 0.08), and symptoms of developmental disorders (P = 0.77). Conclusion: Our findings indicate that social skills training alone has little impact on ASD symptoms in adolescents. Therefore, training that covers other troubled fields in these teenagers is recommended to alleviate the symptoms of this disorder

COVIDiSTRESS diverse dataset on psychological and behavioural outcomes one year into the COVID-19 pandemic

During the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, the COVIDiSTRESS Consortium launched an open-access global survey to understand and improve individuals’ experiences related to the crisis. A year later, we extended this line of research by launching a new survey to address the dynamic landscape of the pandemic. This survey was released with the goal of addressing diversity, equity, and inclusion by working with over 150 researchers across the globe who collected data in 48 languages and dialects across 137 countries. The resulting cleaned dataset described here includes 15,740 of over 20,000 responses. The dataset allows cross-cultural study of psychological wellbeing and behaviours a year into the pandemic. It includes measures of stress, resilience, vaccine attitudes, trust in government and scientists, compliance, and information acquisition and misperceptions regarding COVID-19. Open-access raw and cleaned datasets with computed scores are available. Just as our initial COVIDiSTRESS dataset has facilitated government policy decisions regarding health crises, this dataset can be used by researchers and policy makers to inform research, decisions, and policy.</jats:p