Intramolecular inverse electron-demand [4+2] cycloadditions of ynamidyl-tethered pyrimidines: Comparative studies in trifluorotoluene and sulfolane

International audienceThree representative 6,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopenta[b]pyridin-4-amines were synthesized using an intramolecular inverse electron demand heteroeDielseAlder/retroeDielseAlder sequence between pyrimidines (acting as azadienes) and ynamides (acting as dienophiles). Two solvents of this reaction, sulfolane and trifluorotoluene, were compared at 210 C and the former consistently led to higher yields. In addition, these studies confirmed the importance of the steric bulk of the C5-position of the pyrimidinyl cycloaddition precursor

Inverse Electron-Demand [4 + 2]-Cycloadditions of Ynamides: Access to Novel Pyridine Scaffolds

Functionalized polycyclic aminopyridines are central to the chemical sciences, but their syntheses are still hampered by a number of shortcomings. These nitrogenated heterocycles can be efficiently prepared by an intramolecular inverse electron demand hetero Diels–Alder ( ih DA) cycloaddition of ynamides to pyrimidines. This ihDA/rDA sequence is general in scope and affords expedient access to novel types of aminopyridinyl scaffolds that hold great promise in terms of exit vector patterns

Chimie innovante en série dioxyde de quinoxaline (vers de nouveaux antituberculeux, inhibiteurs de la biosynthèse des mycobactines)

Afin d'internaliser le fer, un micronutriment essentiel pour sa survie, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, la mycobactérie responsable de la tuberculose, biosynthétise des composés ayant une très grande affinité pour Fe3+ appelés les mycobactines. Ces sidérophores sont biosynthétisés par voie non ribosomale, la synthèse débutant par l'activation d'une molécule d'acide salicylique par l'enzyme d'adénylation mbtA sous la forme d'un dérivé ester d'adénosylmonophosphate (salicyl-AMP). Notre laboratoire a déjà préparé des analogues stables de salicyl-AMP, inhibiteurs potentiels de la biosynthèse des mycobactines. Durant la thèse, nous nous sommes attachés à la préparation de phosphonamidates et de sulfonamides porteurs d'un motif dioxyde de quinoxaline en tant qu'analogues de salicyl-AMP, qui devraient présenter une excellente affinité avec le site actif de l'enzyme mbtA. Nous avons développé une extension à la réaction de Beirut, permettant la préparation, pour la première fois, de phosphonates de dioxyde de quinoxaline, précurseurs de nos analogues phosphonamidates. Lorsque le dioxyde de quinoxaline était substitué par un groupement aryle en position 3, un réarrangement du phosphonate en phosphate de monoxyde de quinoxaline a été observé. Des études RMN ont permis de mettre en évidence le caractère intramoléculaire de ce réarrangement, inédit en série N-oxyde d'aryle. La suite de la synthèse pour accéder à nos analogues phosphonamidate s'est en revanche avérée difficile. D'autre part, afin d'accéder à nos analogues sulfonamides, nous avons développé une voie de synthèse utilisant des conditions douces, et qui nous a permis de préparer les premiers exemples de sulfonamide en série dioxyde de quinoxaline. Ces derniers devraient être testés afm d'évaluer l'influence du motif dioxyde de quinoxaline sur l'activité antituberculeuse, et ainsi confirmer le potentiel de nos analogues-cibles, dont la synthèse est à terminer. Enfin, en parallèle de la synthèse des analogues sulfonamides, nous avons développé avec succès une nouvelle préparation de dioxydes de quinoxaline 2,3-disubstituée via un couplage de type Liebeskind-Srogl, qui représente le premier exemple de couplage organométallique en série dioxyde de quinoxaline.In order to intemalize iron, a vital micronutriment, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis, biosynthesizes compounds with extremely Fe (III) affinity, called mycobactins. The biosynthesis of these compounds is a non ribosomal process initiated by the adenylation enzyme mbtA, which activates a molecule of salicylic acid to the corresponding adenosylmonophosphate ester (salicyl-AMP). Our laboratory has already prepared various hydrolytically-stable analogues of salicyl-AMP as potential inhibitors of mycobactin biosynthesis. Lately, we have been working on the preparation of phosphonamidate and sulfonamide analogues with a quinoxaline 1,4-dioxide moiety, which should display a very good affinity with the active site of the enzyme mbtA. We successfully developed an extension to the Beirut reaction to access the first phosphonates of quinoxaline 1,4-dioxides, precursors of our phosphonamidates analogues. When the phopshonylated quinoxaline 1,4-dioxide was substituted with an aryl group on position 3, a rearrangement of the phosphonate into a phosphate of quinoxaline 1-monoxide was observed. NMR studies of this rearrangement, new in the N-aryl oxide series, suggested that it was intramolecular. The end of the synthesis to get our phosphonamidate analogues, however, proved difficult. Also, in order to prepare our sulfonamide analogues, we developed a synthesis that uses mild conditions and allowed us to access the first examples of sulfonamide in the quinoxaline 1,4-dioxide series, which should be tested to evaluate the influence of the quinoxaline 1,4-dioxide moiety on the antitubercular activity and confirm the potency of our targeted sulfonamide analogues, which have yet to be synthesized. Finally, while working on the synthesis of our sulfonamide analogues, we successfully developed a new preparation of 2,3-disubstituted quinoxaline 1,4-dioxide via a Liebeskind-Srogl-like cross-coupling reaction, which represents the first example of organometallic cross-coupling reaction in the quinoxaline 1,4-dioxide series.MULHOUSE-SCD Sciences (682242102) / SudocSudocFranceF

Aryl transition metal chemical warheads for protein bioconjugation

The past seven years have witnessed the burgeoning of protein bioconjugation reactions highlighting aryl transition metal reagents as coupling partners. This new bioorthogonal organometallic chemistry, which sets the scene for stoichiometric processes in place of the catalytic procedures that developed in parallel, already enabled the forging of C-S and C-C bonds onto protein substrates, respectively in their native state or equipped with pre-installed non-natural terminal alkene or alkyne appendages. Although not yet applied to proteins, related transformations pointing to the creation of C-N bonds have, in addition, just been disclosed by targeting peptide lysine residues. Central to this research was the selection of ligands attached to the transition metal, in order to confer to metal complexes, not only their stability in aqueous medium, but also the desired chemoselectivity. We summarize here this body of work, which has already put in the limelight elaborated palladium and gold complexes equipped with biologically relevant appendages, such as fluorescent and affinity tags, as well as drug molecules. This research holds much promise, not only for the study of proteins themselves, but also for the design of new protein-based biotherapeutics, such as protein-drug conjugates or constrained analogs resulting from macrocyclisation reactions

Intramolecular inverse electron-demand [4+2] cycloadditions of ynamidyl-tethered pyrimidines: Comparative studies in trifluorotoluene and sulfolane

International audienceThree representative 6,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopenta[b]pyridin-4-amines were synthesized using an intramolecular inverse electron demand heteroeDielseAlder/retroeDielseAlder sequence between pyrimidines (acting as azadienes) and ynamides (acting as dienophiles). Two solvents of this reaction, sulfolane and trifluorotoluene, were compared at 210 C and the former consistently led to higher yields. In addition, these studies confirmed the importance of the steric bulk of the C5-position of the pyrimidinyl cycloaddition precursor

Nasal angioma with osseous metaplasia

Nasal angiomas are rare. We report a case showing osseous metaplasia and discuss pathogenesis hypotheses. A 41-year-old woman presented with a right lateronasal firm, immobile mass, and interfering with glass wearing. The computed tomography scan imaging was suggestive of chondroma while the magnetic resonance imaging showed on T1-weighted images nodule isosignal, on T2-weighted images hypersignal, and intense enhancement after contrast substance injection. The lesion was surgically resected. Histological examination revealed a 0.8 cm angioma with multifocal osseous metaplasia. The diagnosis of nasal angiomas with extensive osseous metaplasia is difficult requiring microscopic examination. Conservative surgery is the treatment of choice even at an early stage due to the limited effectiveness of embolization or drugs on the osseous component

Intramolecular Diels-Alder Cycloaddition Reactions of Ynamines and Ynamides

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