Antimicrobial activity of Zn-II, Cd-II, and Hg-II complexes of 1,2-Bis-[2-(5-R)-1H-benzimidazolyl]-1,2-ethanediols and 1,4-Bis-[2-(5-R)-1H-benzimidazolyl]-1,2,3,4-butanetetraols

1,2-Bis-[2-(5-H/Me/Cl/NO2)-1H-benzimidazolyl]-1,2-ethanediols(L-1-L-4), 1,4-bis-[2-(5-H/Me/Cl)-1H-benzimidazolyl]-1,2,3,4-butanetetraols (L-5-L-7) and their complexes with ZnCl2, CdCl2 and HgCl2 were synthesized and antibacterial activity of the compounds was tested toward Slaphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, Shigella flexneri, Proteus mirabilis and antifungal activity against Candida albicans. Hg-II complexes have a considerably higher antimicrobial activity against all microorganisms. Some Hg-II complexes show higher antifungal activity than clotrimazole toward C. albicans. Zn-2(L-3)Cl-4, Zn-2(L-4)Cl-4, and Cd(L-3)Cl-2 were moderately effective against S. aureus and S. epidermidis; Cd(L-4)Cl-2 exhibited a weak activity only against S. epidermidis

Flavonoids of Helichrysum chasmolycicum and its antioxidant and antimicrobial activities

From the aerial parts of Helichrysum chasmolycicum P.H Davis, which is an endemic species in Turkey, the flavonoids apigenin, luteolin, kaempferol, 3,5-dihydroxy-6,7,8-trimethoxyflavone, 3,5-dihydroxy-6,7,8,4′-tetramethoxyflavone, apigenin 7-O-glucoside, apigenin 4′-O-glucoside, luteolin 4′-O-glucoside, luteolin 4′,7-O-diglucoside, kaempferol 3-O-glucoside, kaempferol 7-O-glucoside and quercetin 3-O-glucoside were isolated. The methanol extract of the aerial parts of H. chasmolycicum showed antioxidant activity by DPPH method (IC50 0.92mg/mL). Antimicrobial activity test was performed on the B, D, E extracts and also 3,5-dihydroxy-6,7,8-trimethoxyflavone and kaempferol 3-O-glucoside which were the major flavonoid compounds obtained from aerial parts of H. chasmolycicum by microbroth dilutions technique. The E (ethanol-ethyl acetate) extract showed moderate antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, B (petroleum ether-60% ethanol-chloroform) extract and 3,5-dihydroxy-6,7,8-trimethoxyflavone showed moderate antifungal activity against Candida albicans. © 2010 Elsevier B.V

Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of {2-[2-(N,N-Disubstituted thiocarbamoyl-sulfanyl)acylamino]thiazol-4-yl}acetic Acid Ethyl Esters.

{2-[2-(N,N-Disubstituted thiocarbamoyl-sulfanyl)acylamino]thiazol-4-yl}acetic acid ethyl esters (3 a-x) were synthesized by the reaction of potassium salts of N,N-disubstituted dithiocarbamoic acids with [2-(2-chloroalkanoyl)amino-thiazol-4-yl]acetic acid ethyl esters. The structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by elemental analyses, UV, IR, H-1-NMR, and El mass spectral data. The antimicrobial activities of all the compounds were investigated by microbroth dilution technique using Mueller-Hinton broth and Mueller-Hinton agar. In this study, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228, Escherichia coli ATCC 8739, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 4352, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 1539, Salmonella typhi, Shigella flexneri, Proteus mirabilis ATCC 14153 and Candida albicans ATCC 10231 were used as test microorganisms. Among the tested compounds 3 a, d, e, f, h, k, w showed activity against S. epidermidis ATCC 12228 (MIC: 156 mg/L, 78 mg/L, 62.5 mg/L, 78 mg/L, 62.5 mg/L, 312 mg/L, 250 mg/L, respectively), compound 3 d also had some activity against S. aureus ATCC 6538 (MIC: 156 mg/L) and C. albicans ATCC 10231 (MIC: 156 mg/L). Compounds 31, 3 x were also evaluated for antituberculosis activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv using the BACTEC 460 radiometric system and BACTEC 12B medium. The preliminary results indicated that all of the tested compounds were inactive against the test organism

Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of a {2-[2-(N,N-disubstituted thiocarbamoyl-sulfanyl)-acylamino]thiazol-4-yl}acetic acid ethyl esters

{2-[2-(N,N-Disubstituted thiocarbamoyl-sulfanyl)acylamino]thiazol-4-yl}acetic acid ethyl esters (3 a-x) were synthesized by the reaction of potassium salts of N,N-disubstituted dithiocarbamoic acids with [2-(2-chloroalkanoyl)amino-thiazol-4-yl]acetic acid ethyl esters. The structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by elemental analyses, UV, IR, H-1-NMR, and El mass spectral data. The antimicrobial activities of all the compounds were investigated by microbroth dilution technique using Mueller-Hinton broth and Mueller-Hinton agar. In this study, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228, Escherichia coli ATCC 8739, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 4352, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 1539, Salmonella typhi, Shigella flexneri, Proteus mirabilis ATCC 14153 and Candida albicans ATCC 10231 were used as test microorganisms. Among the tested compounds 3 a, d, e, f, h, k, w showed activity against S. epidermidis ATCC 12228 (MIC: 156 mg/L, 78 mg/L, 62.5 mg/L, 78 mg/L, 62.5 mg/L, 312 mg/L, 250 mg/L, respectively), compound 3 d also had some activity against S. aureus ATCC 6538 (MIC: 156 mg/L) and C. albicans ATCC 10231 (MIC: 156 mg/L). Compounds 31, 3 x were also evaluated for antituberculosis activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv using the BACTEC 460 radiometric system and BACTEC 12B medium. The preliminary results indicated that all of the tested compounds were inactive against the test organism

In vivo studies on nasal preparations of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride

Gel formulations of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (CPH) were prepared with bioadhesive polymers such as hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) and methylcellulose (MC). They were administered into the nasal cavity of rabbits. A nasal aqueous suspension of CPH with glycerol was also applied. In addition, the effect of Tween 80 as penetration enhancer was examined. The agar plate diffusion technique was applied for the assay of CPH. The results were compared with oral and intravenous administrations. The bioavailability of the CPH gel formulation prepared with HPMC was almost identical to that of the oral route. Other nasal formulations with HEC and MC had bioavailabilities lower than oral preparations. The relative bioavailabilities for the formulation containing HEC and MC were 48.7 and 45.54%, respectively. To increase the bioavailabilities, 1% (w/w) of Tween 80 was added. The bioavailability of these gel formulations increased to 63.54 and 55.72%, respectively. Experiments carried out on rabbits showed that the nasal administration of CPH bioadhesive gel formulation containing HPMC may be an alternative to the oral route

ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY OF SPIROINDOLINONES BEARING BENZOTHIAZOLE MOIETY

In this study, 5-chloro-1'-methyl-5'-nitro-3H-spiro[1,3-benzothiazole-2,3'-indole]-2'(1'H)-one (3u) was synthesized by the reaction of 1-methyl-5-nitro-1H-indole-2,3-dione (1m) with 2-amino-4-chlorothiophenol (2) in ethanol. The structure of 3u was confirmed by the spectral (IR, H-1 NMR, HSQC-2D, LCMS-ESI) data and elemental analysis. The new spiroindolinone derivative 3u, along with previously reported spiroindolinone derivatives 3a-t bearing benzothiazole or 5-chlorobenzothiazole moiety were tested for in vitro antimicrobial activity against selected strains. Among the tested compounds, 3i and 3l displayed the highest efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. Only 3b was found to be significantly active against Staphylococcus epidermidis. 3a-n were evaluated for in vitro antituberculosis activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv, but most of the tested compounds showed weakly antitubercular activity. All compounds were also evaluated against some DNA and RNA viruses in CRFK, HeLa and HEL cells. Cytotoxicities of the tested compounds were generally very high compared to standards

Chemical Composition,Anti-Inflammatory,Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oil from Aerial Parts of Chaerophyllum aromaticum L. from Turkey

The essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation from the aerial parts of Chaerophyllum aromaticum L. was analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by lipoxygenase inhibition assay. Antioxidant activity was tested by DPPH method. Antimicrobial activity was carried out using microdilution method against seven bacteria and one fungus. The yield of light yellow-coloured essential oil was 1.1 % Eighteen compounds were identified in oil of the aerial parts representing 99.2 % of the C. aromaticum oil. Sabinene (28.1 %), terpinolene (16.7 %) and gamma-terpinene (16.1 %) were characterized as the main compounds. The oil exhibited remarkable anti-inflammatory activity with an IC50, value of 63.62 +/- 1.26 mu g/ml. The oil at a concentration of 20 mg/mL inhibited DPPH radical by 2.06 %. The oil exhibited moderate antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 (MIC: 156 mu g/ml) and Sepidermidis ATCC 12228 (MIC: 625 mu g/ml). The results showed that C. aromaticum essential oil was rich in monoterpene compounds and had moderate antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus strains as well as having significant anti-inflammatory activity

Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of some benzazole derivatives

212-216A series of 2-(1H-benzimidazol/ 1 ,3-benzoxazol/ 1,3-benzothiazol-2-ylmercapto )-N -(1,5-dimethy1-2-phenyl-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-4-y l)acylamines 5a-h and 2-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl mercapto)-N-(5-substituted-2-oxo-1,2-dihydro-3H- indol-3-ylidene) acetohydrazides 8a-e have been synthesized. Their structures are determined by the elemental analyses and spectral data (IR, 1H-NMR, EIMS). These new derivatives arc evaluated for in vitro antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228, Escherichia coli ATCC 8739, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 4352, Pseudomonas aeruginosa A TCC 1539. Salmonella typhi, Shigella flexneri, Proteus mirabilis ATCC 14153 and Candida albicans ATCC 10231.8a, 8c and 8e demonstrating activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228 in the primary screen are re-tested at lower concentrations to determine the actual minimum inhibitory concentrat ion (M IC)

A STUDY ON THE MICROBIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF THE WET TOWELS THAT BECAME A PART OF OUR LIVES

Wet towels which seemed unfamiliar at the begining has begun to become an irresistable part of our daily life as the convenience of its use is seen. They are with us every where; on trips, in the restaurants, in public areas, at the hospitals, in bags, in our pockets. However, how much can these wet towels protect us from the microorganisms that exist widely in nature and can infect us with various ways? Based on this idea, using the European Standard EN 1276 method, the activities of wet towels produced in our country containing antimicrobiological substances that are effective on the hand antisepsis and surface disinfection against several microorganisms have been studied. Suspensions of 10(7)cfu/mL have been used in these experiments and a ratio of at least 99.98 % killing have been observed. We have seen that the wet towels that are used in hand antisepsis and surface disinfection are effective against all tested microorganisms except bacterial spores and it is evident that these towels, with the safety they have and the confindence they give us, will be with us for a long time and will not be out of our life very easily