Probing Nanoscale Domains of J-Aggregates Deposited on a Mica Surface

J-aggregates of 1,1′,3,3′-tetraethyl-5,5′,6,6′- tetrachlorobenzimidazolocarbocyanine (TTBC) were deposited on a mica surface and probed by atomic force microscopy operated at tapping mode in air. Optical spectra showed that J-aggregates were formed in aqueous solutions. Atomic force microscopy images revealed that J-aggregates deposited on mica surfaces mainly present single domains with a mean height of 2.00 ± 0.25 nm and an average diameter of 100 ± 20 nm. Quantitative analysis of the morphology of images indicated that the single domain of J-aggregates exhibits very uniform height and diameter distributions with polydispersity indices of 1.02 and 1.04, respectively. Based on the results, we propose a two-dimensional nanostructure in which TTBC J-aggregates could be arranged in a monolayer

Candidate Gene Screen in the Red Flour Beetle Tribolium Reveals Six3 as Ancient Regulator of Anterior Median Head and Central Complex Development

Several highly conserved genes play a role in anterior neural plate patterning of vertebrates and in head and brain patterning of insects. However, head involution in Drosophila has impeded a systematic identification of genes required for insect head formation. Therefore, we use the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum in order to comprehensively test the function of orthologs of vertebrate neural plate patterning genes for a function in insect head development. RNAi analysis reveals that most of these genes are indeed required for insect head capsule patterning, and we also identified several genes that had not been implicated in this process before. Furthermore, we show that Tc-six3/optix acts upstream of Tc-wingless, Tc-orthodenticle1, and Tc-eyeless to control anterior median development. Finally, we demonstrate that Tc-six3/optix is the first gene known to be required for the embryonic formation of the central complex, a midline-spanning brain part connected to the neuroendocrine pars intercerebralis. These functions are very likely conserved among bilaterians since vertebrate six3 is required for neuroendocrine and median brain development with certain mutations leading to holoprosencephaly

THE EFFECTS OF LEAST-TO-MOST PROMPTING PROCEDURE IN TEACHING BASIC

In the present study, the effects of a least-to-most prompting procedure in teaching basic tennis skills (i.e. tennis ball dribble, air dribble and dribble the lines drills) to children with autism were investigated. A single-subject multiple-probe design with probe conditions across behaviors was used. Participants were four male children with autism, aged 7-9 years. Data were collected over the course of 6 weeks, five times a week, an hour per session. Inter-observer reliability data of the study was determined as 93% on probes and 100% on teaching sessions for participant one, 96% on probes and 100% on teaching sessions for participant two, 90% on probes and 100% on teaching sessions for participant three, and 93% on probes and 100% on teaching sessions for participant four. Procedural reliability showed that the trainer implemented the planned steps with 100% accuracy for all participants. Results revealed that least to most prompting was an effective instructional approach and all subjects increased their basic tennis skills considerably during intervention

Unusual presenting of acute aortic dissection due to penetrating atheromatous ulcer

Penetrating atheromatous ulcer (PAU) is an atherosclerotic ulcer penetrating the internal elastic lamina of the aortic wall causing a hematoma within the media layer of aorta. They are commonly located in the descending aorta of the elderly and hypertensive patients. They may rarely be complicated by aortic dissection. We report a relative young normotensive patient presenting with acute aortic dissection due to PAU located in the ascending aorta

THE EFFECTS OF LEAST-TO-MOST PROMPTING PROCEDURE IN TEACHING BASIC

In the present study, the effects of a least-to-most prompting procedure in teaching basic tennis skills (i.e. tennis ball dribble, air dribble and dribble the lines drills) to children with autism were investigated. A single-subject multiple-probe design with probe conditions across behaviors was used. Participants were four male children with autism, aged 7-9 years. Data were collected over the course of 6 weeks, five times a week, an hour per session. Inter-observer reliability data of the study was determined as 93% on probes and 100% on teaching sessions for participant one, 96% on probes and 100% on teaching sessions for participant two, 90% on probes and 100% on teaching sessions for participant three, and 93% on probes and 100% on teaching sessions for participant four. Procedural reliability showed that the trainer implemented the planned steps with 100% accuracy for all participants. Results revealed that least to most prompting was an effective instructional approach and all subjects increased their basic tennis skills considerably during intervention

The effects of least-to-most prompting procedure in teaching basic tennis skills to children with autism

In the present study, the effects of a least-to-most prompting procedure in teaching basic tennis skills (i.e. tennis ball dribble, air dribble and dribble the lines drills) to children with autism were investigated. A single-subject multiple-probe design with probe conditions across behaviors was used. Participants were four male children with autism, aged 7-9 years. Data were collected over the course of 6 weeks, five times a week, an hour per session. Inter-observer reliability data of the study was determined as 93% on probes and 100% on teaching sessions for participant one, 96% on probes and 100% on teaching sessions for participant two, 90% on probes and 100% on teaching sessions for participant three, and 93% on probes and 100% on teaching sessions for participant four. Procedural reliability showed that the trainer implemented the planned steps with 100% accuracy for all participants. Results revealed that least to most prompting was an effective instructional approach and all subjects increased their basic tennis skills considerably during intervention

Next Generation Wireless Systems

Though Connection Admission Control (CAC) in wireless networks has been studied extensively, the heterogeneous structure of Next Generation Wireless Systems (NGWS) makes CAC very complex. Accessibility of the subsystems at the time of connection or handoff request, availability of resources in the subsystems, user preferences, and connection class need to be considered in admission control. In this paper, we first give a general CAC algorithm for NGWS. We also propose the first analytical model in the literature for CAC in NGWS. We point out the major challenges in modeling for NGWS and propose a neat solution to calculate state probabilities in a reasonable way even as the state space proliferates. Ó 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved